6,078 articles
Motivational speaker
Motivational speaker: a professional who gives speeches to make audiences more enthusiastic and determined; related to the self-help tradition of Smiles, Coue, Hill, and Carnegie; US market $2.1 billion in 2022; fees $5,000-$75,000; grounded in self-efficacy research.
Motorcycle club
Motorcycle club (MC): an organized rider association with elected officer roles (president, vice-president, secretary, treasurer, road captain), a hang-around-to-full-member progression, and chapter or charter governance; distinguished from riding clubs and from 1% outlaw clubs.
Mountain Jews
Mountain Jews (Juhur) are a Jewish ethno-linguistic group of Dagestan and Azerbaijan speaking Juhuri (Judeo-Tat), an Iranian language; reclassified as "Tats" under Soviet rule, with Red Village in Azerbaijan their best-known settlement.
Mouse tracking (psychology)
Mouse tracking is a psychology paradigm that records a computer mouse cursor's path during a decision, revealing competing response activations and cognitive conflict that response times miss.
Movement Assessment Battery for Children
The Movement Assessment Battery for Children (Movement ABC) is a standardized test of fine and gross motor coordination in children, widely used to identify developmental coordination disorder.
Movement for the Survival of the Ogoni People
The Movement for the Survival of the Ogoni People (MOSOP) is a Nigerian rights organization founded in 1990, led by Ken Saro-Wiwa until his 1995 execution.
Moving Day (Boston)
Moving Day (Boston): the annual September 1 lease turnover when an estimated 70-79% of Boston rentals change hands. Also called Allston Christmas; documented since an 1899 Globe article; formerly May 1.
Mozambican refugee crisis in Malawi
The Mozambican refugee crisis in Malawi was the mass flight from Mozambique's civil war into Malawi, peaking at 1.06 million refugees in 1992 before mass repatriation.
Mozart effect
Mozart effect: claim from a 1993 Rauscher, Shaw, and Ky Nature study that 10 minutes of Mozart's Sonata K448 briefly improves spatial reasoning; replications, meta-analyses, and arousal-mood studies find no specific intelligence benefit.
MRAsians
MRAsians (MRAzns) is a term for an anti-feminist online subculture of Asian American men within the manosphere, combining men's rights rhetoric with racial grievance and documented harassment of Asian women.
Muckleshoot
The Muckleshoot (bəqəlšuł) are a federally recognized Washington tribe of Duwamish and Upper Puyallup descent, holding rights under the 1854 Medicine Creek and 1855 Point Elliott treaties, with an 1857 reservation near Auburn and the 1974 Boldt fishing-rights ruling.
Mudaliar (முதலியார்)
Mudaliar (முதலியார்), also Mudaliyar or Moodley, is a Tamil title meaning person of first rank, borne chiefly by Thondaimandalam Vellalar families and other Tamil castes, not a single caste name.
Mughal Harem
Mughal Harem: the imperial women's quarters (haram, haraman-i padshah) of the Mughal dynasty, a secluding yet politically active household where figures like Nur Jahan and Jahanara Begum wielded real power.
Mukkulathor (முக்குலத்தோர்)
Mukkulathor (Thevar), a consolidated caste formation of the Kallar, Maravar, and Agamudayar communities of central and southern Tamil Nadu, India; OBC-classified, unified by Muthuramalinga Thevar, and politically influential.
Mulatto
Mulatto (Spanish/Portuguese mulato) is a historical, now offensive English term for a person of mixed Black and white ancestry; a US census category 1850–1930, with blood-quantum subdivisions, and still used descriptively in Latin America.
Mullen Scales of Early Learning
The Mullen Scales of Early Learning is a norm-referenced test of cognitive, motor, and language development in children from birth to 68 months, used to identify delays.
Multi-source interference task
The multi-source interference task (MSIT) is a cognitive psychology paradigm combining Stroop, flanker, and Simon conflict in one trial, producing large interference effects and reliable fMRI activation.
Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness
The Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness (MAIA) is a 32-item self-report questionnaire measuring eight dimensions of interoceptive body awareness, introduced by Wolf Mehling and colleagues in 2012.
Multidimensional item response theory
Multidimensional item response theory (MIRT) is a family of psychometric statistical models relating test responses to multiple latent traits simultaneously, used in educational assessment and adaptive testing.
Multiracial Americans
Multiracial Americans, also called the Two or More Races population, are people reporting more than one race in U.S. census data; counted at 33.8 million (10.2%) in 2020 versus 9 million in 2010, with estimates varying sharply by question format.
Multiracial people
Multiracial people are those of more than one racial ancestry or identity. Coverage spans US census history (one-drop rule, 2000 multiple-race option), the disputed 2020 count of 33.8 million, Brazil's pardo category, and measurement reliability problems.
Mumtaz Mahal (ممتاز محل)
Mumtaz Mahal (ممتاز محل), born Arjumand Banu Begum (1593-1631), empress consort of Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan I; married 1612, died at Burhanpur after her fourteenth child; the Taj Mahal is her tomb.
Munda people
Munda people: an Adivasi (tribal) people of eastern India, chiefly Jharkhand, Odisha and West Bengal, speaking Munda languages of the Austroasiatic family; about 11 million Munda speakers, associated with Birsa Munda and the 1908 protective tenancy law.
Muniba Mazari
Muniba Mazari, the "Iron Lady of Pakistan," is a Pakistani artist, TV anchor, and motivational speaker paralyzed in a 2008 car crash; UN Women Pakistan's first Goodwill Ambassador and a UN SDG Advocate since 2025.
Munich Chronotype Questionnaire
The Munich Chronotype Questionnaire (MCTQ) is a self-report questionnaire measuring chronotype from sleep timing on workdays and free days, introduced by Till Roenneberg and colleagues in 2003.
Muphry's law
Muphry's law, John Bangsund's 1992 editorial application of Murphy's Law: any criticism of editing or proofreading itself contains an error, with the misspelled name as the built-in joke.
Murder of Ahmaud Arbery
Murder of Ahmaud Arbery: 2020 fatal shooting of a 25-year-old Black jogger in Brunswick, Georgia by Travis and Gregory McMichael and Roddie Bryan; state murder convictions, federal hate-crime convictions, Georgia law changes.
Murder of Blaze Bernstein
Murder of Blaze Bernstein: 2018 hate-crime killing of gay Jewish UPenn student Blaze Bernstein by former classmate Samuel Woodward, an Atomwaffen Division member, convicted July 2024 and sentenced to life without parole.
Murder of Gwen Araujo
The murder of Gwen Araujo was the 2002 killing of Gwen Amber Rose Araujo, a 17-year-old transgender girl beaten and strangled by four men in Newark, California.
Murder of James Byrd Jr.
Murder of James Byrd Jr., also called the Jasper dragging death: a 1998 racist hate crime in Jasper, Texas, in which three white supremacists dragged a 49-year-old Black man to death behind a pickup, leading to Texas and federal hate crime laws and two executions.