6,078 articles
Childhood amnesia
Childhood amnesia, or infantile amnesia, is adults' inability to recall episodic events before about age 3, with sparse memories from ages 3 to 7; explanations span hippocampal maturation, neurogenesis, self and language development, and cultural variation.
Childhood Autism Rating Scale
The Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS) is a clinician-rated behavioral measure of autism severity in children, introduced by Eric Schopler and colleagues in 1980, rating 15 domains on a 15 to 60 scale.
Childhood nudity
Childhood nudity: children's exposure to non-sexual nakedness in family, naturist, school, and public settings. Key evidence includes the 18-year UCLA Family Lifestyles Project (200 children), cultural variation such as Finnish sauna practice, and legal distinctions from sexualized imagery.
Children in Need
BBC Children in Need is the BBC's UK charity, registered charity 802052, raising funds for disadvantaged children via the annual telethon first held in 1980; over £1 billion raised and distributed as grants of £1,000 to £40,000 per year.
Children's Depression Inventory
The Children's Depression Inventory (CDI) is a self-report rating scale measuring depressive symptom severity in children and adolescents aged 7 to 17, published officially in 1992.
Chimney sweep
Chimney sweep: a trade cleaning flues with brushes and rods to remove creosote and soot. Covers methods, chimney-fire and cancer hazards, child climbing-boy legislation to 1875, and modern regulation and decline.
Chin people (ချင်းလူမျိုး)
Chin people (ချင်းလူမျိုး), also called Zo peoples, are Tibeto-Burman ethnic groups of northwestern Myanmar's Chin State, northeastern India, and Bangladesh: about 500,000 in Chin State, largely Christian, divided into six tribes and 63 sub-tribes.
Chinatown, San Francisco
Chinatown, San Francisco: oldest Chinatown in North America, founded 1849 during the Gold Rush, rebuilt after the 1906 earthquake; about 24-30 blocks, 32,600+ residents, 4,000 small businesses, second-largest Chinese American community in the US.
Chinese Americans
Chinese Americans are Americans of Chinese ancestry, about 1.7% of the U.S. population and the largest Asian American subgroup. The article covers the 1882 Chinese Exclusion Act, its 1943 repeal, and documented modern discrimination.
Chinese Canadians (加拿大华人)
Chinese Canadians (加拿大华人) are Canadians of Chinese origin, the country's second-largest racialized group: 1.7 million people, 4.7% of the population in 2021, concentrated in Toronto and Vancouver.
Chinese Cubans
Chinese Cubans, Cubans of Chinese ancestry (culí-era descendants of the 1847–1874 coolie trade, about 141,000 indentured Guangdong laborers), later free migrants, Havana's Barrio Chino, independence-war service, and post-1959 decline and revival.
Chinese Exclusion Act
The Chinese Exclusion Act, signed May 6, 1882, suspended Chinese laborer immigration for ten years, barred Chinese naturalization, was extended by the Scott and Geary Acts, and was repealed by the 1943 Magnuson Act with a 105-person quota.
Chinese immigration to Brazil
Chinese immigration to Brazil is the migration of people from China to Brazil, beginning in 1809 and growing greatly from the 1970s; an estimated 250,000 to 280,000 lived in Brazil as of 2024.
Chinese immigration to the Straits Settlements
Chinese immigration to the Straits Settlements was the large-scale movement of migrants from southern China to the British territories of Penang, Malacca, and Singapore in the 19th century.
Chinese Indonesians
Chinese Indonesians (Orang Tionghoa Indonesia) are people of Chinese descent in Indonesia, the world's largest Chinese diaspora at roughly 2-4% of the population; defined by colonial-era migration, New Order assimilation, the 1965 and 1998 violence, and post-1998 citizenship reform.
Chinese Jamaicans
Chinese Jamaicans are Jamaicans of Chinese ancestry, mostly Hakka from Guangdong, beginning with 472 arrivals from Panama in 1854; indenture peaked 1853-1866, shopkeeping defined the community, riots struck 1918, 1938, 1965, and descendants now run supermarkets, hotels, and banks.
Chinese kin
Chinese kin (宗族 zongzu, 家族 jiazu): the patrilineal kinship system of China, its finely differentiated terminology, lineage organizations, Fei Xiaotong's analysis, and its persistence and change in contemporary urbanizing China.
Chinese people
Chinese people (Zhongguoren, Huaren, Hanren) are the people of China and of Chinese descent worldwide, classified by the state into 56 ethnic groups: the Han majority (91.11% in 2020) plus 55 minorities, with a diaspora across Southeast Asia and beyond.
Chinese Peruvians
Chinese Peruvians, or tusán (土生), are Peruvians of Chinese descent, begun by ~100,000 coolies arriving from 1849 under Ramón Castilla's Ley China; ended by 1874 treaty; legacy includes chifa cuisine, Lima's Barrio Chino, and roughly 5–8% of the population.
Chinese pre-wedding customs
Chinese pre-wedding customs, from the classical Six Rites and Three Letters to modern guo da li betrothal, bride price (caili) negotiation, hair-combing (shang tou), and pre-wedding photography in China and the diaspora.
Chinese Singaporeans (新加坡华人)
Chinese Singaporeans (新加坡华人) are Singapore's majority ethnic group, 74.3% of residents at Census 2020, descended largely from migrants from Guangdong and Fujian, shaped by the 1979 Speak Mandarin Campaign and a distinct Peranakan subgroup.
Ching chong
Ching chong (ching chang chong) is an English onomatopoeic racial slur mocking Chinese and East Asian speech; documented since an 1886 playground rhyme, ranked fourth among reported anti-Asian slurs, and treated as hate speech in some jurisdictions.
Chink
Chink is an English ethnic slur against Chinese and East Asian people, attested in that sense from 1901; distinct from the older noun meaning a crack. It saw resurgence during COVID-19 and has documented in-group reclamation uses.
Chipko movement
Chipko movement (चिपको, Hindi 'to hug'), a non-violent forest conservation movement begun in 1973 in Garhwal, Uttarakhand, India, where village women led by Gaura Devi hugged trees to block commercial logging, winning a 15-year felling ban in 1980.
Chipping Norton set
The Chipping Norton set: media, political, and show-business circle around David Cameron and Rebekah Brooks with homes near Chipping Norton, Oxfordshire; famous after the 2011 phone hacking scandal, coined by Stephen Glover, dissolved after Leveson.
Chiricahua
The Chiricahua, an Apache division of southern Arizona, New Mexico, and northern Mexico, fought the U.S. Army from 1861 to Geronimo's 1886 surrender, then endured 27 years of exile; descendants form the Fort Sill Apache Tribe and part of the Mescalero Apache Tribe.
Chitimacha
Chitimacha (Sitimaxa): federally recognized Louisiana tribe near Charenton, St. Mary Parish; language isolate revived from Swadesh recordings; ~1,300 members, 963 acres, river cane basketry.
Choctaw
The Choctaw (Chahta), a Muskogean-speaking people of Mississippi and nearby states, were the first tribe removed under the 1830 Indian Removal Act via the Treaty of Dancing Rabbit Creek; today the Choctaw Nation of Oklahoma and Mississippi Band remain federally recognized.
Choctaw Nation of Oklahoma
The Choctaw Nation of Oklahoma, headquartered in Durant, is the third-largest federally recognized U.S. tribe with over 230,000 citizens, a 10,864-square-mile southeastern Oklahoma reservation, a three-branch government under its 1984 constitution, and a $4.1 billion 2023 economic impact.
Choice
Choice is the act of selecting one option from a set of alternatives, a central object of study in decision theory, economics, and the psychology of decision making.