6,078 articles
Expert
An expert is a person with mastery of a subject gained through experience and instruction. Also called expertise research subject; distinguished by domain-specific knowledge, pattern recognition, and deliberate practice, not general ability or experience alone.
Expert interview
An expert interview is a qualitative research method in the social sciences in which a researcher interviews a person selected for specialized knowledge, serving exploratory, data-collection, and quantitative functions.
Exploration
Exploration: traveling to unfamiliar places to learn about them, and, in decision science, the explore-exploit trade-off between unknown and known options. Covers the Age of Exploration, Zheng He, bandit models, and neural findings.
Expulsion of Asians from Uganda
The expulsion of Asians from Uganda was the forced removal of some 60,000 to 80,000 people of South Asian descent ordered by Idi Amin in 1972.
Expulsion of Greeks from Egypt
The expulsion of Greeks from Egypt was the departure of most of Egypt's large Greek community from the late 1950s to the mid-1960s, triggered chiefly by Nasser's nationalization laws of 1961.
Expulsions and exoduses of Jews
The expulsions and exoduses of Jews, also called Jewish expulsions, are episodes in which Jewish communities were forced from territories, including England in 1290 and Spain in 1492.
Extended family
Extended family: kin beyond the nuclear family (grandparents, aunts, uncles, cousins), also called multigenerational households when three or more generations co-reside. Distinguished from nuclear families by vertical and lateral extension, census definitions, and prevalence in the US and Canada.
Extinction learning
Extinction learning is the decline of a conditioned response when the conditioned stimulus is repeatedly presented without reinforcement; it underlies exposure therapy, and the original association survives, causing relapse.
Extramarital sex
Extramarital sex, also known as extramarital relations or infidelity, is sexual activity by a married person with someone other than their spouse, without that spouse's consent.
Extraordinary Popular Delusions and the Madness of Crowds
Extraordinary Popular Delusions and the Madness of Crowds, Charles Mackay's 1841 study of crowd psychology, covering the tulip mania, Mississippi Scheme, South Sea Bubble, witch mania, and its influence on behavioral finance.
Extraversion and introversion
Extraversion and introversion are opposite poles of a continuum personality dimension, a Big Five trait introduced by Jung and developed by Eysenck, linked to reward sensitivity, work engagement, and early temperament.
Extreme Tech Challenge
Extreme Tech Challenge (XTC) is a California nonprofit that runs the world's largest startup competition for entrepreneurs addressing global challenges, founded by Young Sohn and Bill Tai.
Eye contact
Eye contact, or mutual gaze, is the direct look exchanged between two interacting people. Covers its social functions, cone of direct gaze, neural basis, development, autism-related atypicalities, and cross-cultural variation in comfort and interpretation.
Eyeblink conditioning
Eyeblink conditioning is a classical conditioning paradigm in which subjects learn to blink to a tone paired with an air puff, studied as a cerebellar learning model.
Eysenck Personality Questionnaire
The Eysenck Personality Questionnaire is a yes/no personality test measuring psychoticism, extraversion, and neuroticism, plus a lie scale; the revised EPQ-R has 100 items and takes about 6 minutes.
Ezhava
The Ezhava are Kerala's largest Hindu caste group, traditionally coconut cultivators and toddy tappers, transformed by Narayana Guru's reform movement, the 1903 SNDP Yogam, and the Vaikkam satyagraha.
Face (sociological concept)
Face (sociological concept): the public self-image claimed in interaction, rooted in Chinese lian/mian, formalized by Goffman's 1955 face-work and Brown and Levinson's positive and negative face in politeness theory.
Face matching task
The face matching task is an experimental paradigm in which a viewer judges whether two face photographs show the same person, modeling passport control checks.
Facebook Dating
Facebook Dating is Meta's free, opt-in dating service inside the Facebook app, announced at F8 in 2018, launched in Colombia then the US in 2019, known for Secret Crush, a separate dating profile, and 2025 AI features.
Facepalm
Facepalm: the hand-over-face gesture of embarrassment, dismay, or exasperation; an English word first recorded in 1996, famous through the Picard Star Trek meme and the Unicode 9.0 (2016) facepalming emoji.
Facial (sexual act)
Facial, a sexual act of ejaculating onto a partner's face (also called facial ejaculation or cum shot), is common in heterosexual pornography (30% of DVD scenes) and reported by 32.3% of US women surveyed, with oral-sex STI risks and consent requirements.
Facial expression
Facial expression: configurations of facial muscle movements that convey emotion. Centered on Darwin's 1872 universality account, FACS action units, six basic emotions, cultural variation, and facial expression recognition technology.
Factorial survey experiment
A factorial survey experiment is a survey-embedded experimental method in which respondents judge short hypothetical vignettes whose attributes are randomly varied, introduced by Peter H. Rossi in 1951.
Fad
Fad: a short-lived enthusiasm that gains popularity quickly and fades, distinct from fashion and classic in the trend cycle; explained by informational cascades and contagion, studied from Bogardus to Denrell and Kovács.
Fag hag
Fag hag (also fruit fly, queen bee) is US gay male slang, recorded from 1972, for a straight woman who socially associates with gay men; traditionally derogatory, stereotyped in media, and partly reclaimed by figures like Margaret Cho.
Faggot
Faggot is an English word: chiefly a highly offensive slur for a gay man, first attested in US slang in 1914, and also an older word for a bundle of sticks, a British offal dish, and a 1590s contemptuous term for a woman.
Failure
Failure in psychology: falling short of an adopted standard of excellence. Covers Weiner's attribution dimensions, learned helplessness, motivational orientation, goal orientation, mindset evidence, and goal disengagement.
Fair
Fair: a periodic, legally franchised gathering of buyers and sellers at long intervals, distinct from the weekly market; from Latin feria. Covers medieval fairs (Champagne, Stourbridge), trade fairs, and agricultural county fairs.
Fake it till you make it
Fake it till you make it: folk advice to act confident before feeling it. Covers affirmations backfiring (Wood 2009), failed power posing, therapeutic 'act as if', and workplace surface acting.
False belief task
The false belief task is a developmental psychology test of whether a child can predict how someone will act based on a belief that conflicts with reality, introduced by Wimmer and Perner in 1983.