6,078 articles
History of the Jews in Ukraine
History of the Jews in Ukraine: a Jewish presence from the 4th century BC Black Sea colonies through Khazaria, Kyivan Rus, the Pale of Settlement, Hasidism's birthplace, the Holocaust at Babyn Yar, and today's third-largest Jewish community in Europe.
History of the Kurds
History of the Kurds: Iranian-speaking mountain people of Mesopotamia, Anatolia, and the Iranian plateau, first chronicled by Sharaf Khan Bidlisi's Sharafnama, divided by the 1923 Treaty of Lausanne among Turkey, Iraq, Iran, and Syria, with the 1946 Republic of Mahabad as their only modern state.
History of the Romani people
History of the Romani people, Europe's largest ethnic minority (10–12 million): Indian origins, migration to Europe about 1,000 years ago, slavery in the Romanian principalities, the Nazi genocide of up to 500,000, and EU inclusion policy since 2011.
Hlai people
The Hlai people, also known as the Li people, are the indigenous Tai-Kadai-speaking inhabitants of Hainan Island. They are known for their Li brocade and pottery.
Hmong Americans
Hmong Americans: Americans self-identifying as Hmong, an ethnic group from China and Laos; about 360,000 in 2023, largely refugee descendants of the Secret War, concentrated in California, Minnesota, and Wisconsin.
Hmong people
The Hmong are an ethnic group originating in China about 3,000 years ago, now in Southeast Asia and the US diaspora; speakers of Hmong Dawb and Hmong Leng, refugees after 1975, with RPA and Pahawh Hmong scripts.
Ho-Chunk
Ho-Chunk (Hoocąk, formerly Wisconsin Winnebago): Siouan-speaking Native American nation of Wisconsin, 7,752 citizens, four-branch government, 1994 name reclamation, treaties and removals, gaming economy, 2026 Dane County land return.
Hoa people (华人)
Hoa people (华人, người Hoa) are Vietnam's ethnic Chinese minority, one of 54 recognized groups, 749,466 in the 2019 census, concentrated in Ho Chi Minh City, Dong Nai, and Soc Trang, with migration history since the 2nd century BC and a mass 1978-79 exodus.
Hofstede's cultural dimensions theory
Hofstede's cultural dimensions theory, by Dutch social psychologist Geert Hofstede (first published 1980), models national culture on six dimensions such as power distance and individualism, scored 0-100, derived originally from IBM employee surveys; widely used in business research but criticized for weak replication and measurement validity.
Hoi polloi (οἱ πολλοί)
Hoi polloi (οἱ πολλοί, "the many") is an English plural noun for the common people or masses, often derogatory. Borrowed from Ancient Greek via Dryden (1668) and Byron (1822); anglicized by 1837; "the hoi polloi" is standard despite the embedded Greek article.
Hōjō clan
Hōjō clan (北条氏): Japanese warrior lineage that ruled as hereditary regents (shikken) of the Kamakura shogunate from 1203 to 1333, distinct from the unrelated Later Hōjō (Go-Hōjō) daimyo of Odawara destroyed in 1590.
Hoklo people (闽南人)
Hoklo people (闽南人) are Hokkien-speaking Han Chinese from Zhangzhou and Quanzhou, southern Fujian, who migrated to Taiwan and Southeast Asia; in Taiwan they are the largest Han subgroup, with about 15 million Southern Min speakers.
Holiday
Holiday: a day set aside by religion, custom, or law for rest or celebration, from the secularized "holy day." Covers religious, national, and cultural holidays, world public-holiday counts, and Labor Day's 1894 US origins.
Holland Codes
Holland Codes, or RIASEC, is John L. Holland's 1959 typology classifying vocational interests and work environments into Realistic, Investigative, Artistic, Social, Enterprising, and Conventional types on a hexagon, operationalized by the Self-Directed Search and O*NET Interest Profiler.
Holmes and Rahe stress scale
The Holmes and Rahe stress scale, also known as the Social Readjustment Rating Scale, is a 43-item checklist ranking life events by weighted stress scores, published in 1967.
Homecoming
Homecoming is an annual ritual of return to a place of origin, covering American school and church homecomings, HBCU celebrations, family reunions, diaspora return visits, and migrant festival travel.
Homeland
Homeland: the territory a group regards as the birthplace of its identity. Covers homeland in nationalism theory, diaspora and long-distance nationalism, indigenous land rights, and territorial conflict.
Homeless shelter
Homeless shelter: temporary facility for people who are homeless; also called emergency shelter. Distinguished by no lease requirement under 24 CFR 576.2; part of the Continuum of Care alongside transitional and permanent housing.
Homelessness
Homelessness: lacking a stable, adequate home, from rough sleeping to couch surfing; over 300 million affected worldwide (UN-Habitat). Key approaches include Housing First, pioneered by Sam Tsemberis in 1992, and Finland's national strategy that cut homelessness from 16,000 to about 4,000.
Homelessness in the San Francisco Bay Area
Homelessness in the San Francisco Bay Area: the nine-county region's unhoused population, among the largest in the United States. Third-largest PIT count in 2017 (28,200), 35,118 by 2020, only 33 percent sheltered, concentrated in Alameda, San Francisco, and Santa Clara counties.
Homelessness in the United States
Homelessness in the United States: people lacking a fixed, adequate nighttime residence under 42 U.S.C. 11302. Key facts: McKinney-Vento Act of 1987, HUD Point-in-Time counts (745,652 in 2025), rent-driven causes, Housing First versus Treatment First policy debate.
Homer Hickam
Homer Hickam, also known as Homer Hadley Hickam Jr., is an American author and retired NASA engineer known for Rocket Boys, the 1998 memoir filmed as October Sky.
Homesickness
Homesickness is the distress and loss of functioning caused by separation from home and attachment figures such as parents, affecting children, students, soldiers, and refugees.
Homesteading
Homesteading: the 1862 Homestead Act land-claim program (160 acres, five years, ended 1976/1986), the state homestead exemption in property law, and the modern self-sufficiency lifestyle.
Homi K. Bhabha
Homi K. Bhabha (born 1949, Bombay) is a postcolonial theorist, Anne F. Rothenberg Professor at Harvard, author of The Location of Culture (1994), known for hybridity, ambivalence, mimicry, and the Third Space.
Homoeroticism
Homoeroticism denotes erotic desire or representation between same-sex individuals, distinct from homosexuality as identity or relationship; used since Ferenczi (1911) and central to LGBTQ history, art history, and media studies.
Homophobia
Homophobia is prejudice, fear, or hostility toward lesbian, gay, and bisexual people, coined by George Weinberg and popularized in his 1972 book; distinguished from heterosexism and linked to measurable LGBTQ+ health harms.
Homosexuality
Homosexuality, also called same-sex sexuality, is sexual, romantic, or emotional attraction or activity between members of the same sex, known as being gay or lesbian.
Homosexuality and psychology
Homosexuality and psychology covers how psychology and psychiatry moved from classifying same-sex orientation as a DSM and ICD mental disorder (removed 1973 and 1990) to minority stress and affirmative care frameworks, and the evidence against conversion therapy.
Homosexuality and the Anglican Communion
Homosexuality and the Anglican Communion covers the dispute over same-sex relationships, from Lambeth I.10 (1998) and Gene Robinson (2003) through GAFCON, the Church of England's 2023 Prayers of Love and Faith, and the 2025 Global Anglican Communion schism.