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Politics and government

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Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Party

The Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Party (EPRP) is a Marxist party founded abroad in April 1972, remembered as Ethiopia's first modern political party and a target of the Red Terror.

Ethiopian student movement

The Ethiopian student movement was the radicalized student opposition to Emperor Haile Selassie that, between the mid-1960s and 1974, became Ethiopia's major opposition force and helped spark the 1974 revolution.

Étienne Clémentel

Étienne Clémentel (1864–1936) was a French Radical politician, mayor of Riom and ten times a minister, who organized the French wartime economy as Minister of Commerce from 1915 to 1919.

Étienne Tshisekedi

Étienne Tshisekedi wa Mulumba (1932–2017), Congolese opposition leader, Mobutu-era interior minister, founder of the UDPS in 1982, three-time prime minister, and father of President Félix Tshisekedi.

Étienne-Charles de Loménie de Brienne

Étienne-Charles de Loménie de Brienne (1727–1794) was a French churchman and statesman, archbishop of Toulouse and then Sens, cardinal from 1788, and principal minister of Louis XVI in 1787–1788.

Étoile Nord-Africaine

The Étoile Nord-Africaine (ENA) was an Algerian nationalist organization founded in Paris in 1926 by North African immigrant workers, led by Messali Hadj until its dissolution in 1937.

Eugen Osmochescu

Eugen Osmochescu is a Moldovan politician and former World Bank Group official who served as Acting Prime Minister in 2026, and is now Minister of Agriculture and Food Industry.

Eugene McCarthy

Eugene Joseph McCarthy (1916–2005), Minnesota Democratic-Farmer-Labor senator and representative, challenged President Lyndon Johnson in the 1968 antiwar Democratic primaries, won 42% in New Hampshire, prompting Johnson's withdrawal and Kennedy's entry.

Eugene Talmadge

Eugene Talmadge (1884–1946) was an American Democratic politician who served three terms as governor of Georgia and was elected to a fourth term in 1946 but died before taking office.

Eugène Terre'Blanche

Eugène Ney Terre'Blanche (1941–2010), South African white supremacist who founded and led the neo-Nazi Afrikaner Weerstandsbeweging (AWB), fought apartheid's end, accepted TRC responsibility for bombings killing 21, and was murdered on his Ventersdorp farm in 2010.

Eugene V. Debs

Eugene V. Debs (1855–1926), American labor leader and five-time Socialist Party presidential candidate; led the 1894 Pullman Strike, founded the ARU and helped found the IWW, and ran for president from Atlanta prison in 1920, winning about 919,000 votes.

Eugene Vindman

Eugene Simon Vindman, born 1975, is an American politician and retired U.S. Army colonel serving as the Democratic representative for Virginia's 7th congressional district since January 2025.

Eugenia Maria Roccella

Eugenia Maria Roccella is an Italian politician serving as Minister for Family, Birth Rate, and Equal Opportunities, overseeing family support measures and public debates on demography and women's employment.

Eugénie de Montijo

Eugénie de Montijo (1826–1920), Spanish-born Empress of the French, wife of Napoleon III, last empress of France 1853–1870; three regencies, exile in England, crown jewels linked to the 2025 Louvre heist.

Eugenio Giani

Eugenio Giani is an Italian politician of the Democratic Party who has been President of Tuscany, known for opposing the national government's abolition of the vehicle tax.

Eugeniu Carada

Eugeniu Carada was a Romanian economist and liberal politician, considered the founder of the National Bank of Romania, which he drafted the law for and directed from 1883 until his death in 1910.

Eugeniusz Kwiatkowski

Eugeniusz Kwiatkowski (1888–1974) was a Polish chemical engineer and statesman who built the port of Gdynia and led the Central Industrial District as deputy prime minister.

Eulalia d'Orléans Bourbon

Eulalia d'Orléans Bourbon, also known as Eulalia de Borbón y Borbón, was a Spanish infanta and the youngest daughter of Queen Isabella II. She became known as a traveler.

EUR.1 movement certificate

EUR.1 movement certificate: customs-endorsed proof of preferential origin for EU preferential trade agreements, including the PEM zone; green guilloche form, €6,000 invoice-declaration alternative, 10-month validity, electronic e-PoC issuance.

EurAsia Daily

EurAsia Daily (EADaily) is a Moscow-based, Russian-language online news agency founded in 2015, covering the post-Soviet space from a pro-Kremlin editorial line; the EU suspended its broadcasting in February 2025. Not the Jamestown Eurasia Daily Monitor.

Eurasianism (евразийство)

Eurasianism (евразийство) is a Russian ideological movement founded by émigrés in the 1920s, notably Trubetskoy and Savitsky, holding Russia to be a distinct Eurasian civilization; revived as Dugin's neo-Eurasianism and reflected in Putin's Eurasian Union.

Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council

The Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council (EAPC) is NATO's 50-nation political forum with Partnership for Peace partners, founded at Sintra in 1997 to succeed the 1991 NACC; 32 Allies and 18 partners now sit on it after Russia's and Belarus's suspension.

Euromaidan (Евромайдан)

Euromaidan (Евромайдан), or the Revolution of Dignity, was Ukraine's protest movement beginning 21 November 2013 in Kyiv after President Yanukovych postponed the EU Association Agreement; it left over 100 dead and drove Yanukovych from power in February 2014.

Europe of Freedom and Direct Democracy

Europe of Freedom and Direct Democracy (EFDD), successor of EFD, was a UKIP-led Eurosceptic European Parliament group (2014–2019) including the Five Star Movement, briefly dissolved in October 2014 and saved by a Polish MEP.

Europe of Nations and Freedom

Europe of Nations and Freedom (ENF) was a European Parliament political group of radical-right parties including Front National, the Northern League, FPÖ, Vlaams Belang and the Dutch Party for Freedom, formed June 2015 with 36 MEPs and succeeded by Identity and Democracy in 2019.

Europe of Sovereign Nations (party)

Europe of Sovereign Nations (ESN, Europa der Souveränen Nationen) is a far-right European political party and EP group led by the AfD, formed 10 July 2024 with 25 MEPs, registered in Berlin, and the most euroskeptic and pro-Putin of the Parliament's right-wing groups.

Europe of Sovereign Nations Group

Europe of Sovereign Nations (ESN) is the far-right political group in the 2024–2029 European Parliament, formed 10 July 2024 around Germany's AfD with 25 MEPs from eight states; co-led by René Aust and Stanisław Tyszka.

European balance of power

European balance of power: the principle since the seventeenth century of preventing any single European state from dominating, spanning Westphalia, Utrecht, Vienna, the Concert of Europe, the Cold War NATO-Warsaw Pact equilibrium, and today's EU-Russia balance.

European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages

The European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages (ECRML, CETS 148), a 1992 Council of Europe treaty in force since 1998: 25 ratifying states, 79 languages covered, Part II/Part III tiered undertakings, expert monitoring, France unratified.

European Commission

The European Commission, the European Union's executive branch, proposes EU legislation under the right of initiative, enforces the treaties as their guardian, and manages the EU budget. Its College of 27 Commissioners, led by Ursula von der Leyen since December 2024, decides collectively.