Politics and government

Factions in the Democratic Party (United States)

Factions in the Democratic Party (United States): ideological wings including the Congressional Progressive Caucus, New Democrat Coalition, and Blue Dog Coalition, plus historical factions from the New Deal coalition to the 1968 split and current abundance-versus-progressive debates.

Factions in the Republican Party (United States)

Internal factions of the U.S. Republican Party: House caucuses from the Main Street Partnership and Republican Study Committee to the House Freedom Caucus, historical waves from Goldwater through Tea Party to MAGA, and Pew voter blocs.

Fadillah Yusof

Fadillah Yusof, born in 1962, is a Malaysian lawyer and politician serving as Deputy Prime Minister since 2022 and Minister of Energy Transition and Water Transformation.

Fady Qaddoura

Fady Qaddoura is an American politician and Democratic member of the Indiana Senate from District 30, elected in 2020 after serving as Indianapolis' controller and CFO.

Faggan Singh Kulaste

Faggan Singh Kulaste (born 1959) is an Indian Bharatiya Janata Party politician who has represented the Mandla constituency of Madhya Pradesh in the Lok Sabha since 2024.

Fahad Yusuf Al-Sabah

Sheikh Fahad Yusuf Saud Al-Sabah (فهد يوسف سعود الصباح), born 1959, is a Kuwaiti ruling-family member and former Amiri Guard officer who has served as First Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Interior since 2024.

Fahd of Saudi Arabia (فهد بن عبد العزيز آل سعود)

Fahd bin Abdulaziz Al Saud (فهد بن عبد العزيز آل سعود), fifth King of Saudi Arabia (1982–2005), Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques; issued the 1992 Basic Laws, led Saudi Arabia through the Gulf War, and delegated power after a 1995 stroke.

Fahda bint Falah Al Hithlain (فهدة بنت فلاح الحثلين)

Fahda bint Falah Al Hithlain (فهدة بنت فلاح الحثلين), third wife of King Salman and mother of Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman; Al-Ajman lineage, patron of Quran competitions and women's excellence awards.

Fair trade coffee

Fair trade coffee is coffee marketed through certification schemes, led by Fairtrade International, that assure growers a $1.80 per pound floor price, a community premium, and audited standards.

FairVote

FairVote, founded 1992 as Citizens for Proportional Representation and formerly the Center for Voting and Democracy, is a nonpartisan US electoral reform group advocating ranked choice voting and proportional representation.

Faisal I of Iraq

Faisal I of Iraq (Fayṣal ibn Ḥusayn al-Hāshimī, 1883/1885–1933), son of Sharif Hussein of Mecca, Arab Revolt commander, briefly king of Syria, and first king of Iraq from 23 August 1921 until his death in Bern in September 1933; he led Iraq to League of Nations independence in 1932.

Faisal Karim Kundi

Faisal Karim Kundi is a Pakistani politician of the Pakistan Peoples Party serving as Governor of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, where he has been a prominent critic of the provincial PTI government.

Faisal of Saudi Arabia

Faisal bin Abdulaziz Al Saud (فيصل بن عبدالعزيز آل سعود), third King of Saudi Arabia (1964–1975), first foreign minister 1930–1975, led the 1973 oil embargo, modernized the state, and was assassinated by his nephew Faisal bin Musaid.

Faith Spotted Eagle

Faith Spotted Eagle is a Yankton Sioux elder and activist from South Dakota who in 2016 became the first Native American to receive an electoral vote for president.

Faithless elector

Faithless elector: a US Electoral College member who votes against their pledge, seen in 1796, 1872, and a record seven in 2016; bound by state laws upheld in Chiafalo v. Washington (2020); never decisive.

Faithless electors in the 2016 United States presidential election

Faithless electors in the 2016 US presidential election: seven electors voted against their pledges (five Clinton, two Trump), casting votes for Powell, Kasich, Ron Paul, Sanders, and Faith Spotted Eagle; the episode led to Chiafalo v. Washington (2020).

Faiyaz Ahmad

Faiyaz Ahmad is an Indian Rashtriya Janata Dal politician, a member of the Rajya Sabha from Bihar since 2022, who earlier represented Bisfi in the Bihar Legislative Assembly.

Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed (फ़ख़रुद्दीन अली अहमद)

Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed (फ़ख़रुद्दीन अली अहमद), fifth President of India (1974–1977), lawyer and Congress leader from Assam; signed the 1975 Emergency proclamation under Article 352 without Cabinet approval and died in office on 11 February 1977.

Falanga (organisation)

Falanga, formally the National Radical Movement (Ruch Narodowo-Radykalny) and often called ONR-Falanga, was an illegal far-right political organization in the Second Polish Republic, founded in April 1935 by Bolesław Piasecki.

Falangism

Falangism (falangismo) is the Spanish national-syndicalist ideology of the Falange, founded by José Antonio Primo de Rivera in 1933, an Iberian variant of fascism that became a base of the Franco regime before marginalization and dissolution in 1977.

Falekaupule

The Falekaupule is the traditional assembly of elders serving as each island's local government in Tuvalu, formalized by the Falekaupule Act 1997 and recognized by the 2023 Constitution.

Fall of communism in Bulgaria

Fall of communism in Bulgaria: the peaceful end of one-party rule beginning 10 November 1989, when the BCP ousted Todor Zhivkov after 35 years; Mladenov's reforms, June 1990 elections won by the ex-communists, 1991 constitution, NATO 2004, EU 2007.

Fall of Duvalier

The fall of Duvalier was the 1986 overthrow of Haiti's Duvalier dictatorship, ending when President-for-Life Jean-Claude "Baby Doc" Duvalier fled to France after weeks of popular protest.

Fall of Siad Barre

The fall of Siad Barre was the overthrow of Somalia's military ruler, who fled Mogadishu on 27 January 1991 as United Somali Congress forces captured the capital.

Fall of Suharto

Fall of Suharto: the May 21, 1998 resignation ending Indonesia's 32-year New Order, triggered by the Asian financial crisis, student protests, the Trisakti shootings, and anti-Chinese riots, leading to Habibie and Reformasi.

False consciousness

False consciousness: Marxist concept, from Engels's 1893 letter and Marx's ideology critique, developed by Lukács, describing subordinated people's power-shaped, interest-distorted beliefs, now contested and reformulated via hermeneutical injustice.

False or misleading statements by Donald Trump (between terms)

False or misleading statements by Donald Trump between his presidencies (January 2021 to January 2025): PolitiFact's 1,000 fact-checks, 76% false ratings, repeated 2020 election fraud claims, and 2024 campaign falsehoods.

False or misleading statements by Donald Trump (first term)

False or misleading statements by Donald Trump's first term (2017-2021), tracked by the Washington Post Fact Checker at 30,573 total, about 21 per day, rising from 6 to 39 daily claims by year; election fraud claims rejected by 62 lawsuits and courts.