22,256 articles
Fascism in Europe
Fascism in Europe: far-right ultranationalist movements and regimes, also called National Socialism in Germany, founded by Mussolini in Italy in 1919, dominant in Italy and Germany 1922–1945, defeated in World War II.
Fascism in France
Fascism in France is the history of fascist and proto-fascist movements, which produced rich theory yet, before 1940, never built a mass base or found a single undisputed leader.
Fascism in the United States
Fascism in the United States covers interwar fascist movements like the German American Bund and the Silver Legion, and the ongoing scholarly debate over whether populism, Trumpism, or other currents qualify as fascist.
Fascist Manifesto
Fascist Manifesto (Manifesto dei Fasci italiani di combattimento, Programma di San Sepolcro): the founding 1919 program of Mussolini's Fasci Italiani di Combattimento, published in Il Popolo d'Italia on 6 June 1919; distinct from the 1925 Gentile intellectual manifesto.
Fascist symbolism
Fascist symbolism covers the emblems, gestures, and staged ceremonies of fascist regimes: the Roman fasces adopted by Mussolini's National Fascist Party in 1921, the swastika marches of Nazi Germany, Franco's 1937 outstretched-arm salute, and their postwar bans and survivals.
Fatah
Fatah is a Palestinian secular-nationalist political movement that has governed parts of the West Bank since the 1990s. Mahmoud Abbas has led the movement and the Palestinian Authority since 2004.
Fatali Khan Khoyski
Fatali Khan Khoyski (Fətəli xan Xoyski, 1875–1920) was an Azerbaijani lawyer and statesman who served as the first Prime Minister of the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic, heading three cabinets.
Fatehsinhrao Gaekwad
Fatehsinhrao Gaekwad, also Fatehsinghrao Prataprao Gaekwad II (1930–1988), was the titular Maharaja of Baroda from 1951, a four-term Lok Sabha MP, and the youngest-ever president of the BCCI.
Father of the House
Father of the House: honorary title in the UK House of Commons for the MP with the longest continuous service, currently Sir Edward Leigh (since 1983); equivalent to the US Dean of the House.
Father of the Nation
Father of the Nation is an honorific for a nation's founder or independence leader, from the Roman pater patriae through Washington, Bismarck, Garibaldi, Gandhi, and Bangladesh's Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, also used by authoritarian rulers.
Fathima Thahiliya
Fathima Thahiliya, IUML politician and advocate, is the Indian Union Muslim League's first woman MLA, winning Perambra (Kozhikode) in the 2026 Kerala election by defeating LDF convener T P Ramakrishnan; former first Haritha state president.
Fatima bint Mubarak Al Ketbi (فاطمة بنت مبارك الكتبي)
Fatima bint Mubarak Al Ketbi (فاطمة بنت مبارك الكتبي), born 1943, Emirati royal known as Mother of the Nation, wife of UAE founder Sheikh Zayed, mother of President Mohamed bin Zayed, founder of the General Women's Union.
Fatima Jinnah (فاطمہ جناح)
Fatima Jinnah (فاطمہ جناح), Madar-e-Millat, 1893–1967, Pakistani dental surgeon, sister of Muhammad Ali Jinnah, and opposition candidate against Ayub Khan in the 1965 presidential election.
Fausta Bergamotto
Fausta Bergamotto is an Italian politician from L'Aquila, a Fratelli d'Italia member serving as Undersecretary of State for Enterprises and Made in Italy who previously served as a municipal assessor.
Faustin Soulouque
Faustin Soulouque (Faustin-Élie Soulouque) was a Haitian soldier and statesman who was President of Haiti from 1847 and Emperor Faustin I of the Second Haitian Empire until 1859.
Faustino "Bojie" Dy III
Faustino "Bojie" Dy III is a Filipino politician who serves as Speaker of the House of Representatives of the Philippines and represents the 6th District of Isabela.
Fawn Hall
Fawn Hall, Oliver North's NSC secretary (1983-1986) in the Iran-Contra affair; altered and shredded documents, smuggled papers in her boots, testified under immunity, and married North in 2025.
Fayez al-Sarraj
Fayez al-Sarraj (also Serraj), Libyan politician, prime minister and head of the nine-member Presidency Council of the UN-backed Government of National Accord formed by the December 2015 Skhirat Agreement; rival of Khalifa Haftar, backed by Turkey and Qatar.
Fazal-ur-Rehman (politician)
Maulana Fazal-ur-Rehman (مولانا فضل الرحمان), born 1953, is a Pakistani politician who has led the Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam (F) party since 1980 and led the Pakistan Democratic Movement alliance that unseated Prime Minister Imran Khan in 2022.
February 1974 United Kingdom general election
The February 1974 UK general election (28 February 1974), called by Edward Heath during the miners' strike under "Who governs Britain?", produced a hung parliament: Labour under Harold Wilson won 301 seats to the Conservatives' 297 despite fewer votes, leading to a minority government and an October 1974 re-run.
February 2025 Putin–Trump phone call
The February 12, 2025 Putin–Trump phone call was the first publicized call between the two presidents since Trump's return to office, lasting about 90 minutes, agreeing to immediate Ukraine war negotiations led by Rubio, Ratcliffe, Waltz, and Witkoff, and ending the US policy of isolating Putin.
February 2025 United States–Russia meeting in Saudi Arabia
February 18, 2025 US–Russia talks in Riyadh (Diriyah Palace): Rubio, Waltz, and Witkoff met Lavrov, Ushakov, and Dmitriev, the first high-level meeting since the 2022 invasion, excluding Ukraine and Europe.
February Patent
The February Patent (Februarpatent) was a set of fundamental laws promulgated by Emperor Franz Joseph I on 26 February 1861, creating a two-chamber Reichsrat and elected provincial diets in the Austrian Empire.
February Revolution (Февральская революция)
The February Revolution (Февральская революция) was a spontaneous 1917 uprising in Petrograd whose army mutiny forced Tsar Nicholas II to abdicate, ending over 300 years of Romanov rule.
Federal Assembly (Федеральное Собрание) (Russia)
The Federal Assembly (Федеральное Собрание) is Russia's bicameral parliament, created by the 1993 constitution: Federation Council upper house plus the 450-deputy State Duma lower house.
Federal Aviation Administration
The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), a U.S. Department of Transportation agency created by the Federal Aviation Act of 1958, regulates civil aviation safety, runs air traffic control over 29.4 million square miles of airspace, certifies aircraft and airmen, and licenses commercial space launches.
Federal Constitution of the United Provinces of Central America
The Federal Constitution of the United Provinces of Central America, formally the Constitution of the Federal Republic of Central America, was the federation's founding charter, decreed in 1824.
Federal Council (Switzerland)
The Federal Council (Bundesrat, Conseil fédéral) is Switzerland's seven-member collegial executive and collective head of state, elected by the Federal Assembly for four-year terms; president rotates annually, decisions by consensus, no parliamentary removal, four-party magic formula since 1959.
Federal districts of Russia
Federal districts of Russia (федеральные округа): eight presidentially supervised groupings of federal subjects created by Decree No. 849 on May 13, 2000, headed by appointed envoys, expanded and reshaped in 2010, 2014, 2016, and 2018.
Federal Election Commission
The Federal Election Commission (FEC) is the independent U.S. agency enforcing federal campaign finance law (FECA) for House, Senate, and presidential races. Created by the 1974 amendments, opened 1975, reshaped by Buckley v. Valeo; six bipartisan commissioners, without a quorum since April 2025.