22,256 articles
Graham Brady
Graham Brady, Baron Brady of Altrincham (born 1967), Conservative MP for Altrincham and Sale West 1997-2024 and Chairman of the 1922 Committee 2010-2024, keeper of no-confidence letters who oversaw the exits of May, Johnson, and Truss; now a life peer.
Graham Platner
Graham Platner, Maine oyster farmer and Marine/Army veteran, was the 2026 Democratic Senate nominee; he won the June 2026 primary with 72% but withdrew in July 2026 amid a sexual assault allegation, Reddit posts, and a Nazi-symbol tattoo controversy.
Grand coalition
Grand coalition (Große Koalition): a government coalition of the two largest parties in a parliamentary system, classically CDU/CSU–SPD in Germany (1966–69, 2005–09, 2013–17) and ÖVP–SPÖ in Austria, with formation logics and party-system costs.
Grand Duchess Anastasia Nikolaevna of Russia (Анастасия Николаевна Романова)
Grand Duchess Anastasia Nikolaevna Romanova (Анастасия Николаевна Романова, 1901–1918), fourth daughter of Tsar Nicholas II, executed at Ekaterinburg; Anna Anderson survival claims disproven by DNA testing.
Grand Duchess Anna Petrovna of Russia
Anna Petrovna (Анна Петровна), 1708–1728, elder daughter of Peter the Great, tsarevna and wife of Duke Karl Friedrich of Holstein-Gottorp; mother of Peter III and ancestress of later Romanovs.
Grand Duchess Elena Vladimirovna of Russia
Grand Duchess Elena Vladimirovna of Russia (1882–1957), later Princess Nicholas of Greece, was a granddaughter of Tsar Alexander II and mother of Princess Marina, Duchess of Kent.
Grand Duchess Maria Alexandrovna of Russia (Великая княгиня Мария Александровна)
Grand Duchess Maria Alexandrovna (Мария Александровна, 1853–1920), daughter of Tsar Alexander II, married Alfred, Duke of Edinburgh in 1874, the only Romanov to marry into the British royal family, later Duchess of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha.
Grand Duchess Maria Nikolaevna of Russia
Grand Duchess Maria Nikolaevna (Великая княжна Мария Николаевна, 1899–1918), called Mashka, third daughter of Tsar Nicholas II and Alexandra Feodorovna; wartime hospital volunteer, Colonel-in-Chief of the 9th Dragoon Kazan Regiment, executed at Yekaterinburg in 1918, rehabilitated in 2008, with disputed DNA identification from the 2007 grave.
Grand Duchess Maria Vladimirovna of Russia
Grand Duchess Maria Vladimirovna of Russia, born 1953 in Madrid, daughter of Grand Duke Vladimir Kirillovich, is the most widely acknowledged Romanov pretender to the abolished Russian throne since 1992; her claim is disputed.
Grand Duchess Olga Alexandrovna of Russia
Grand Duchess Olga Alexandrovna (Ольга Александровна; 1882–1960), youngest daughter of Tsar Alexander III and sister of Nicholas II, was the last grand duchess of Imperial Russia, survived the revolution, lived in exile in Denmark then Ontario, and supported herself as a painter.
Grand Duchess Olga Nikolaevna of Russia
Grand Duchess Olga Nikolaevna of Russia (Ольга Николаевна, 1895–1918), eldest daughter of Nicholas II, wartime Red Cross nurse and diarist, executed at Yekaterinburg in 1918, canonized in 1981 and 2000.
Grand Duchess Tatiana Nikolaevna of Russia
Grand Duchess Tatiana Nikolaevna (Великая Княжна Татьяна Николаевна, 1897–1918), second daughter of Tsar Nicholas II, Red Cross nurse at Tsarskoye Selo in World War I, executed at Yekaterinburg and identified by DNA.
Grand Duchess Xenia Alexandrovna of Russia (Ксения Александровна)
Grand Duchess Xenia Alexandrovna of Russia (Ксения Александровна), 1875–1960, eldest daughter of Alexander III and sister of Nicholas II, married Grand Duke Alexander Mikhailovich and died in exile at Hampton Court, London.
Grand Duchy of Baden
The Grand Duchy of Baden (Großherzogtum Baden) was a sovereign state in southwestern Germany from 1806 until 1918. Ruled by the House of Zähringen, it adopted a constitutional monarchy in 1818.
Grand Duchy of Hesse
Grand Duchy of Hesse (Großherzogtum Hessen, Hesse and by Rhine, Hesse-Darmstadt): German state 1806–1918, created from the Landgraviate of Hesse-Darmstadt in 1806, gained Rheinhessen, adopted an 1820 constitution, joined the German Empire 1871, became the People's State of Hesse in 1918.
Grand Duke Dmitri Pavlovich of Russia (Дмитрий Павлович)
Grand Duke Dmitri Pavlovich of Russia (Дмитрий Павлович, 1891–1942), grandson of Alexander II, cousin of Nicholas II, Olympic equestrian (1912 Stockholm jumping), co-conspirator in Rasputin's 1916 murder, exiled to Persia, later Coco Chanel's lover and husband of Audrey Emery; died in Davos.
Grand Duke George Alexandrovich of Russia
Grand Duke George Alexandrovich (1871–1899), third son of Alexander III and brother of Nicholas II, was heir presumptive to the Russian throne; a tuberculosis patient at Abastumani, he died of pulmonary hemorrhage in 1899 and his remains were exhumed in 1994 for Romanov DNA identification.
Grand Duke George Mikhailovich of Russia
Grand Duke George Mikhailovich of Russia (Georgiy Mikhaylovich Romanov, born 1981, Madrid) is heir apparent to Maria Vladimirovna, disputed pretender head of the Russian Imperial House; also Prince of Prussia, former Norilsk Nickel executive, married to Victoria Romanovna.
Grand Duke Konstantin Nikolayevich of Russia (Великий князь Константин Николаевич)
Grand Duke Konstantin Nikolayevich (Великий князь Константин Николаевич, 1827–1892), second son of Nicholas I, general admiral and head of Russia's Naval Ministry 1855–1881, led the steam-fleet reform and Alexander II's Great Reforms.
Grand Duke Michael Alexandrovich of Russia
Grand Duke Michael Alexandrovich (Михаил Александрович, 1878–1918), youngest brother of Tsar Nicholas II, named successor in the March 1917 abdication but deferred to a Constituent Assembly; murdered by Cheka agents in Perm, June 1918.
Grand Duke Sergei Alexandrovich of Russia
Grand Duke Sergei Alexandrovich (Сергей Александрович; 1857–1905), fourth son of Alexander II, Governor-General of Moscow 1891–1905, first chairman of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society, blamed for the Khodynka crush, assassinated by Ivan Kalyayev in the Kremlin.
Grand Duke Vladimir Alexandrovich of Russia (Владимир Александрович)
Grand Duke Vladimir Alexandrovich (Владимир Александрович, 1847–1909), third son of Alexander II of Russia, commander of the Guards and St. Petersburg Military District, president of the Imperial Academy of Fine Arts, and figure blamed for Bloody Sunday 1905; ancestor of the Romanov claimant line.
Grand Duke Vladimir Kirillovich of Russia
Grand Duke Vladimir Kirillovich of Russia (Владимир Кириллович, 1917–1992), head of the exiled Russian Imperial House from 1938; last head in male line, father of claimant Maria Vladimirovna; married Leonida Bagration in 1948.
Grand Embassy of Peter the Great
Grand Embassy (Великое посольство), Peter I of Russia's 1697-1698 diplomatic mission to Western Europe, traveled incognito as Peter Mikhailov. It sought an anti-Turkish alliance, studied shipbuilding in Amsterdam and London, and instead laid the anti-Swedish alliance behind the Great Northern War.
Grand National Assembly of Turkey
Grand National Assembly of Turkey (Türkiye Büyük Millet Meclisi, TBMM), Türkiye's unicameral parliament, founded in Ankara April 23, 1920; 600 deputies, five-year terms, D'Hondt system.
Grand prince
Grand prince (velikii knyaz, великий князь) was the title of the senior Rurikid prince of Kyivan Rus', later of Vladimir, Moscow, and Lithuania; often mistranslated grand duke, it ranked above other princes and below kings.
Grant Shapps
Grant Shapps (born 1968) is a British Conservative politician, MP for Welwyn Hatfield 2005–2024, who served as Transport, Home, Business, Energy, and Defence Secretary, losing his seat in 2024.
Grantley Adams
Grantley Adams (1898–1971) was a Barbadian lawyer and politician who served as the first Premier of Barbados and the only Prime Minister of the West Indies Federation.
Grassroots
Grassroots: ordinary people in a society or organization rather than its leaders; also volunteer-run local organizing and leaderless, horizontal movements such as the Indignados and Occupy.
Gray Davis
Gray Davis (Joseph Graham Davis Jr., born 1942) is the American Democrat who served as California's 37th governor, 1999 to 2003, the only California governor removed by recall, replaced by Arnold Schwarzenegger in 2003.