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Politics and government

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Great British PAC

Great British PAC (GBPAC) is a British political action committee launched 22 March 2025, chaired by Ben Habib with CEO Claire Bullivant, campaigning cross-party outside elections on sovereignty, free speech and the Chagos deal.

Great Council of Chiefs

The Great Council of Chiefs, or Bose Levu Vakaturaga, is Fiji's formal assembly of indigenous chiefs, established under British rule in 1875, suspended in 2007, and restored in 2023.

Great Game

The Great Game: nineteenth-century British–Russian imperial rivalry over Central Asia, Persia, and Afghanistan, named by Arthur Connolly and popularized by Kipling's Kim, ended by the 1907 Anglo-Russian Convention; also the 'New Great Game' among China, Russia, and the US.

Great Nigeria People's Party

The Great Nigeria People's Party (GNPP) was one of five parties in Nigeria's Second Republic, founded in 1978 by Waziri Ibrahim and banned after the 1983 coup.

Great Offices of State

Great Offices of State: the four most senior UK ministerial posts, Prime Minister, Chancellor of the Exchequer, Foreign Secretary, and Home Secretary; distinct from the nine ceremonial Great Officers of State; James Callaghan alone held all four.

Great Peace of Montreal

The Great Peace of Montreal (Grande Paix de Montréal) was a 1701 treaty between New France and some forty Indigenous nations, ending nearly a century of war.

Great power

Great power: a state with the economic, military, and political capacity to shape the international system, recognized by peers. Covers definitions, measurement, balance of power, and the US, Russia, and China today.

Great Seal of the Realm

The Great Seal of the Realm is the chief seal of the British Crown, affixed to letters patent for royal assent, appointments, and honours; kept by the Lord Chancellor at the House of Lords, with separate Scottish, Welsh, and Northern Ireland seals.

Great Seal of the United States

The Great Seal of the United States, adopted June 20, 1782, is the national seal authenticating presidential documents; its obverse shows the eagle coat of arms and its reverse, an unfinished pyramid with Eye of Providence, appears on the one-dollar bill.

Great Sejm

The Great Sejm, or Four-Year Sejm (Polish: Sejm Wielki), was the parliament of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth that sat in Warsaw from 1788 to 1792 and produced major reforms.

Great Yarmouth First

Great Yarmouth First (GYF), localist political party in Great Yarmouth, Norfolk, founded by MP Rupert Lowe in late 2025, registered March 2026 (PP18235), affiliated to Restore Britain, won nine Norfolk county seats in 2026.

Greater Albania

Greater Albania (Shqiperia e Madhe) is an irredentist concept uniting ethnic Albanians of Albania, Kosovo, North Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia and Greece in one state. Realized only once, under Italian occupation 1941-1944; no major Albanian party advocates it today.

Greater Bengaluru Authority

Greater Bengaluru Authority (GBA), Karnataka's apex body for Bengaluru under the Greater Bengaluru Governance Act 2024, chaired by the Chief Minister; oversees five city corporations replacing BBMP, with elections directed for December 2026.

Greater Chennai Corporation

Greater Chennai Corporation (பெருநகர சென்னை மாநகராட்சி), the municipal body of Chennai, India; formerly the Corporation of Madras, inaugurated 29 September 1688, the earliest corporation in British India, with 15 zones, 200 wards, and 426 sq km.

Greater Hyderabad Municipal Corporation (గ్రేటర్ హైదరాబాద్ మున్సిపల్ కార్పొరేషన్)

Greater Hyderabad Municipal Corporation (గ్రేటర్ హైదరాబాద్ మున్సిపల్ కార్పొరేషన్) is Hyderabad's civic body, governed by the GHMC Act 1955, expanded in 2025 to 12 zones, 60 circles and 300 wards after merging 27 urban local bodies.

Greater Israel

Greater Israel, Hebrew Eretz Yisrael Hashlemah, is an Israeli irredentist idea claiming Jewish entitlement to land far beyond the state's pre-1967 boundaries, contested in Israeli politics.

Greater London Authority

The Greater London Authority (GLA) is London's strategic devolved government, created in 2000 by the Greater London Authority Act 1999 after the 1998 referendum. It comprises the elected Mayor of London as executive and the 25-member London Assembly as scrutiny body, with a £20.7bn budget covering transport, policing, fire, planning, and environment.

Greater Middle East

Greater Middle East: political term for an extended Middle East from Morocco to Afghanistan, sometimes Southeast Asia; framed the 2004 US G8 Greater Middle East Initiative, renamed BMENA, later stillborn.

Greater Romania

Greater Romania (România Mare) was the enlarged Kingdom of Romania after the 1918 unions with Bessarabia, Bukovina, and Transylvania, roughly doubling its size, until 1940 losses; the term also names later Romanian irredentism.

Greater Serbia

Greater Serbia (Velika Srbija) is a Serbian irredentist concept from Garašanin's 1844 Načertanije, combining medieval-territorial and ethnic-unification claims, pursued through the 1990s Yugoslav Wars and echoed in the post-2020 Serbian world discourse.

Greater Somalia

Greater Somalia (Soomaaliweyn) is the Somali irredentist project uniting five colonial-era Somali territories: British and Italian Somalia, Djibouti, Ethiopia's Ogaden, and Kenya's NFD; tested by the 1977–78 Ogaden War defeat.

Grecia Quiroz

Grecia Itzel Quiroz García, mayor of Uruapan, Michoacán, since 5 November 2025; widow and political heir of assassinated mayor Carlos Manzo, leads the independent Movimiento del Sombrero and is a polled contender for Michoacán's 2027 governorship.

Greek Left Alliance (Ελληνική Αριστερή Συμπαράταξη)

Greek Left Alliance (Ελληνική Αριστερή Συμπαράταξη, ELAS), Greek left-wing party founded by Alexis Tsipras on 26 May 2026 after leaving SYRIZA; acronym echoes the WWII resistance army; aims to unite radical left, social democracy, and greens ahead of the 2027 elections.

Greek royal family

The Greek royal family, the House of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg, reigned from 1863 until the 1974 referendum abolished the monarchy; exiled after 1967, its members regained Greek citizenship in 2024 as De Gréce.

Greek Solution (Ελληνική Λύση)

Greek Solution (Ελληνική Λύση, Elliniki Lysi), founded 2016 by Kyriakos Velopoulos, is Greece's far-right populist party: pro-Russian, Eurosceptic, 'Greece, religion, family'; 4.44% in 2023, about 9.5% in the 2024 European election.

Green anarchism

Green anarchism, or eco-anarchism, is a branch of anarchist thought fusing anti-statism with ecology. Its strands include Bookchin's social ecology, Naess's deep ecology, and Zerzan's anarcho-primitivism, which differ on civilization and technology.

Green conservatism

Green conservatism: a political position holding that conservation and environmental protection are legitimate goals pursued through conservative, market-based means rather than regulation, associated with Roger Scruton's oikophilia and distinct from far-right ecologism.

Green Party (Ireland)

The Green Party (An Comhaontas Glas) is Ireland's environmentalist party, founded 3 December 1981 as the Ecology Party of Ireland; it governed 2007–2011 and 2020–2025 and now holds 1 TD.

Green Party (Norway)

Miljøpartiet De Grønne (MDG), the Norwegian Green Party, founded 1988, block-independent, in the Storting since 2013; won 4.7% and 8 seats in 2025, first time over the 4% threshold.

Green Party (UK)

Green Party (UK): the Green Party of England and Wales, founded 1973 as PEOPLE, Ecology Party from 1975. Four MPs since 2024, led by Zack Polanski since September 2025, record 1,357 councillors after May 2026.