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Reena Szczepanski
Reena Szczepanski is an American politician, a Democrat representing District 47 in the New Mexico House of Representatives since 2022 and serving as House Majority Floor Leader.
Reeta Chakrabarti
Reeta Chakrabarti (born 1964) is a British journalist, Chief Presenter for BBC News leading the News at Six and Ten, former community affairs, political, and education correspondent, Chancellor of York St John University, and author of the novel Finding Belle.
Reeva Steenkamp
Reeva Rebecca Steenkamp (1987-2013), South African model, law graduate, and reality TV star killed by Oscar Pistorius on 14 February 2013; Pistorius was convicted of murder and paroled in January 2024.
Reeve Collins
Reeve Collins is an entrepreneur best known as co-founder of Tether, issuer of the world's most widely used stablecoin, and its first CEO from 2013 to 2015.
Reeve Kwan Chun-man
Reeve Kwan Chun-man (关俊文) is a Hong Kong entrepreneur who co-founded GoGoVan, now GOGOX, in 2013; the company listed on the Hong Kong stock exchange in 2022.
Reeve Waud
Reeve Waud is an American private equity investor who founded Waud Capital Partners in Chicago in 1993 after working at GTCR and Salomon Brothers, acquiring more than 500 companies.
Refactor Capital
Refactor Capital is a seed-stage venture capital firm in Burlingame, California, founded by Zal Bilimoria in 2016, investing $1–2 million checks in bio, energy, aerospace, and manufacturing startups.
Reference
Reference (philosophy of language): the relation by which names, indexicals, and other tokens pick out objects. Covers descriptivism (Frege, Russell), Kripke's causal-historical theory, natural-kind terms, Kaplan's indexicals, and experimental tests of referential intuition.
Reference class forecasting
Reference class forecasting (RCF) predicts a project's likely cost and duration from the empirical outcomes of similar past projects, correcting optimism bias; the UK mandated it in 2003.
Reference dependence
Reference dependence is the property of preferences in which outcomes are judged as gains and losses from a reference point, central to prospect theory since 1979.
Reference Re Secession of Quebec
Reference Re Secession of Quebec, [1998] 2 SCR 217, is the Supreme Court of Canada's unanimous advisory opinion holding unilateral Quebec secession illegal but imposing a duty to negotiate after a clear majority on a clear question; basis of the 2000 Clarity Act.
Referendary court
The referendary court (sąd referendarski) was a royal dominial court of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth that heard peasants' complaints against starostas and leaseholders, sitting from the 1580s until 1794.
Referendum
Referendum: a direct democracy vote of the electorate on a public policy issue such as a constitutional amendment or draft law; also called a plebiscite. Types include mandatory, optional, binding, consultative, abrogative, and rejective referendums.
Referendums by country
Referendums by country is an overview of how nations use popular votes: some constitutions require them, some let citizens trigger them, and Germany and the United States prohibit them federally.
Referendums in Australia
Referendums in Australia are compulsory national votes required under Section 128 to amend the Constitution, needing a double majority. Of 45 proposals since Federation only 8 passed, none since 1977; the 1967 and 2023 votes frame the record.
Referendums in Germany
Referendums in Germany exist at state (Land) and municipal levels under all 16 Länder constitutions, but the federal Basic Law provides no general nationwide referendum, only an Article 29 territorial Volksentscheid; Weimar-era referendums ended in 1933.
Referendums in the United Kingdom
Referendums in the United Kingdom are public votes on a single issue, authorised by specific Acts of Parliament under PPERA 2000 and run by the Electoral Commission; only three UK-wide votes have been held, in 1975, 2011, and 2016.
Referendums related to the European Union
Referendums related to the European Union: national votes on EU membership, treaty ratification, and policy opt-outs. 58 held by 2022; key cases include the 2005 French and Dutch rejections, Brexit 2016, and Iceland 2026.
Refinancing
Refinancing is the replacement of an existing loan with a new one on the same asset and borrower, typically to lower the rate or take cash out.
Refinitiv
Refinitiv was a London-based financial markets data and infrastructure company created in 2018 when Blackstone bought a stake in Thomson Reuters' Financial & Risk business; LSEG acquired it in 2021.
Reflation
Reflation is the deliberate use of fiscal, monetary, or exchange-rate policy to lift an economy out of a downturn by raising spending, output, and the price level after deflation.
Reflections on the Revolution in France
Reflections on the Revolution in France is Edmund Burke's November 1790 pamphlet, a reply to Richard Price, defending inherited institutions against revolutionary abstraction, answered by Paine's Rights of Man and foundational for modern conservatism.
Reflective equilibrium
Reflective equilibrium is a method in moral and political philosophy, introduced by John Rawls in 1971, that adjusts moral principles and judgments against each other until they cohere.
Reflective learning
Reflective learning is a pedagogical and psychological approach in which learners deliberately review and analyze their experiences to improve future practice, underpinning training in nursing and medicine.
Reflective listening
Reflective listening is a communication technique in which the listener restates or paraphrases a speaker's thoughts and feelings as a statement, a core skill of person-centered therapy and motivational interviewing.
Reflective practice
Reflective practice, from John Dewey and Donald Schön, is the deliberate examination of one's professional actions to improve them, distinguishing reflection-in-action from reflection-on-action; it is embedded in nursing and teacher education despite contested evidence.
Reflective writing
Reflective writing is the practice of describing and analyzing one's own experiences in writing to promote learning and emotional processing, used in education, professional training, and therapy.
Reflex Aerospace
Reflex Aerospace is a German satellite manufacturer founded in Munich in 2021 that builds payload-specific satellite platforms for commercial and defense use, launching its first satellite, SIGI, in January 2025.
Reflexive pronoun
Reflexive pronouns (myself, himself, themselves) refer back to a clause's subject; English forms end in -self/-selves. Covers intensive uses, Binding Principle A locality, long-distance reflexives like Chinese ziji, cross-linguistic typology, and the grammaticalization history of English self-forms.
Reflexivity (social theory)
Reflexivity in social theory: the capacity of actors and researchers to examine the assumptions shaping their own thought and conduct. Central to Giddens's structuration theory, Bourdieu's reflexive sociology, and Archer's modes of reflexivity, and a core methodological demand in qualitative research.