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Republic of Cuba in Arms
The Republic of Cuba in Arms, proclaimed on 13 September 1895 at Jimaguayú, was the Cuban independence government during the war against Spain until 1899.
Republic of Egypt (جمهورية مصر) (1953–1958)
The Republic of Egypt (جمهورية مصر) was an Egyptian state established in 1953 after the overthrow of King Farouk. It ended in 1958 when it united with Syria.
Republic of Ezo (蝦夷共和国)
The Republic of Ezo (蝦夷共和国) was a short-lived state proclaimed on Hokkaido in winter 1868–69 by Tokugawa loyalists under elected president Enomoto Takeaki, with French advisers; unrecognized, it fell to Meiji forces in the Hakodate War by June 1869.
Republic of Fiji Military Forces
Republic of Fiji Military Forces (RFMF), Fiji's national military, established 1920; land force with naval unit, strength 3,229 to about 6,500 regulars plus 6,000 reservists; leading Pacific UN peacekeeping contributor since 1978; budget $169.6M in 2024-25.
Republic of Florence
The Republic of Florence (Repubblica fiorentina) was an independent city-state that governed Florence and most of Tuscany during the Middle Ages until its replacement by a duchy in 1532.
Republic of Genoa
Republic of Genoa (Repubblica di Genova), an Italian maritime city-state from the late 11th century to 1797, ruled by consuls, then doges from 1339, reformed by Andrea Doria in 1528, ending under Napoleon.
Republic of German-Austria
Republic of German-Austria (Republik Deutschösterreich), the unrecognised rump state proclaimed 12 November 1918 by German-speaking deputies after Austria-Hungary's collapse; it declared itself part of Germany, but the Treaty of Saint-Germain (1919) forbade the union and renamed it Republic of Austria.
Republic of Haiti
The Republic of Haiti (République d'Haïti) was the southern Haitian state proclaimed on 27 December 1806 after Dessalines's assassination, ruled by Alexandre Pétion and then Jean-Pierre Boyer, who reunified Haiti in 1820.
Republic of Hawaii
Republic of Hawaii (1894–1898): government set up by the 1893 Provisional Government after overthrowing Queen Liliuokalani; president Sanford B. Dole; ended by U.S. annexation via the Newlands Resolution, July 7, 1898.
Republic of Korea Air Force (대한민국 공군)
Republic of Korea Air Force (대한민국 공군, ROKAF), South Korea's air service branch founded October 1, 1949; evolved through tactical, strategic, and aerospace phases, operates KF-21 Boramae fighters, and trains with US and Japanese forces.
Republic of Korea Armed Forces (대한민국 국군)
The Republic of Korea Armed Forces (대한민국 국군) are South Korea's military: Army, Navy, Air Force, and Marine Corps under the Ministry of National Defense and Joint Chiefs of Staff, with the President as supreme commander and combined defense with US forces.
Republic of Korea Army (대한민국 육군)
Republic of Korea Army (대한민국 육군), South Korea's ground force branch, founded from the 1946 constabulary; largest ROK service, central to Combined Forces Command and wartime OPCON transfer debates.
Republic of Korea Marine Corps (대한민국 해병대)
Republic of Korea Marine Corps (대한민국 해병대, ROKMC), South Korea's ~29,000-strong amphibious force founded 1949, becoming a quasi-fourth service in 2026; trains with USMC in KMEP, Ssang Yong, and CJLOTS.
Republic of Korea Navy (대한민국 해군)
Republic of Korea Navy (대한민국 해군, ROKN), South Korea's naval service founded 11 November 1945 and named 5 September 1948; three fleet commands, AIP submarine force at Jinhae, Gulf of Aden Cheonghae deployments, and KDDX and nuclear-submarine programs.
Republic of Mexico
The Republic of Mexico (República Mexicana) was the federal republic established on 4 October 1824, with Guadalupe Victoria as its first president and Nicolás Bravo as vice president.
Republic of Mirdita
The Republic of Mirdita (Republika e Mirditës) was a short-lived state proclaimed in northern Albania in July 1921 and dissolved by Albanian forces that November.
Republic of Mountainous Armenia
The Republic of Mountainous Armenia (Lernahayastan) was a short-lived Armenian state proclaimed in Zangezur, Syunik, in April 1921, led by Garegin Nzhdeh until the Red Army took the region in July.
Republic of Negros
The Republic of Negros (República de Negros; Republikang Federal sg Negros) was a short-lived revolutionary state on Negros Island in the Philippines from 1898 to 1901.
Republic of New Afrika
Republic of New Afrika (RNA), also spelled Republic of New Africa: Black nationalist organization founded in Detroit in March 1968 that declared independence from the United States, claimed five Southern states, demanded reparations, and faced COINTELPRO repression.
Republic of North Peru
The Republic of North Peru, officially the Estado Nor-Peruano, was a state of the Peru-Bolivian Confederation from 1836 to 1839, with its capital at Lima.
Republic of Ragusa
The Republic of Ragusa, also known as the Republic of Dubrovnik, was a powerful mercantile maritime state situated on the Adriatic coast, developing into a major East-West trade intermediary.
Republic of Salé
The Republic of Salé, also known as the Corsair Republic of Salé or Bou Regreg Republic, was a 17th-century corsair state at Rabat and Salé on Morocco's Atlantic coast.
Republic of Serbian Krajina (Република Српска Крајина)
Republic of Serbian Krajina (Република Српска Крајина), also Republika Srpska Krajina, was a self-proclaimed, unrecognized Serb proto-state in Croatia, 19 December 1991 to 5 August 1995, collapsed in Operation Storm with some 300,000 Serbs displaced.
Republic of Sierra Leone Armed Forces
The Republic of Sierra Leone Armed Forces (RSLAF) are Sierra Leone's Army, Navy and Air Force under the 1991 Constitution, with the President as Commander-in-Chief. Reformed after the 1991-2002 civil war, they focus on border security, civilian control, and UN peacekeeping contributions.
Republic of Singapore Air Force
Republic of Singapore Air Force (RSAF), formerly Singapore Air Defence Command (SADC), is Singapore's air force, founded 1 September 1968 to replace departing Royal Air Force defence, renamed RSAF 1 April 1975, now fielding F-15SG, F-16, and F-35 fighters.
Republic of Singapore Navy
Republic of Singapore Navy (RSN), the naval service of the Singapore Armed Forces founded in 1967 and a separate service since 1975. Defends Singapore's waters and sea lines of communication with Formidable-class frigates, Invincible-class submarines, and the Malacca Straits Patrol.
Republic of South Africa (1961–1984)
Republic of South Africa (1961–1984): the apartheid-era South African state created by the 1961 Constitution Act after a whites-only referendum and Commonwealth withdrawal, governed under a ceremonial State President, and replaced on 3 September 1984 by the tricameral 1983 constitution.
Republic of South Maluku
The Republic of South Maluku (Republik Maluku Selatan, RMS) was an unrecognized state proclaimed in Ambon in 1950, defeated by Indonesia but surviving as a government-in-exile in the Netherlands.
Republic of South Peru
The Republic of South Peru (Spanish: República Sud-Peruana), formally the South-Peruvian State, was one of three republics of the Peru-Bolivian Confederation, proclaimed at Sicuani in 1836.
Republic of Spanish Haiti
The Republic of Spanish Haiti, or República del Haití Español, was a short-lived state on eastern Hispaniola, proclaimed in December 1821 and annexed by Haiti in 1822.