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Republicanism in Australia
Republicanism in Australia: movement to replace the British monarch with an Australian head of state. Central event is the 6 November 1999 referendum, defeated 45% Yes to 55% No under the bipartisan appointment model, with only the ACT voting Yes.
Republicanism in Barbados
Republicanism in Barbados: the movement that ended 55 years of constitutional monarchy on 30 November 2021, when Barbados became a parliamentary republic with President Dame Sandra Mason, the first country to remove Queen Elizabeth II as head of state since Mauritius in 1992.
Republicanism in Belgium
Republicanism in Belgium is the current of opinion favoring abolishing the Belgian monarchy for a republic, a fringe stance backed by roughly 15% of Belgians in 2022.
Republicanism in Canada
Republicanism in Canada: the movement to replace King Charles III as head of state with a Canadian republic, its pre-Confederation roots, Citizens for a Canadian Republic, and polling showing weak attachment to the Crown.
Republicanism in New Zealand
Republicanism in New Zealand: movement to replace the British monarch as head of state with a New Zealand citizen. Covers the Constitution Act 1986, campaign history since 1966, Treaty of Waitangi issues, and polling showing monarchy support leading.
Republicanism in the Netherlands
Republicanism in the Netherlands is the position that the country should abolish its monarchy and become a republic, despite having been a republic until 1806.
Republicanism in the Nordic countries
Republicanism in the Nordic countries covers republican movements, parties, and debate in Denmark, Norway, and Sweden, where monarchies retain majority public support despite active abolition campaigns.
Republicanism in the smaller Commonwealth realms
Republicanism in the smaller Commonwealth realms is the movement to replace the British monarch as head of state in realms beyond the UK, Australia, Canada, and New Zealand.
Republicanism in the United Kingdom
Republicanism in the United Kingdom: movement to replace the hereditary monarchy with an elected head of state. Rooted in the 1649 Commonwealth, Milton, Harrington, and Paine; today led by Republic, with 27% support in 2026 Ipsos polling.
Republicanism in the United States
Republicanism in the United States: the civic-republican political tradition of the American founding, emphasizing popular sovereignty, civic virtue, and liberty as non-domination, and its long historiographical debate with Lockean liberalism.
Republicans buy sneakers, too
"Republicans buy sneakers, too" is a 1990 remark attributed to Michael Jordan after declining to endorse Harvey Gantt against Jesse Helms; first printed in Sam Smith's 1995 book Second Coming, later called a joke by Jordan.
Republics of the Soviet Union
Republics of the Soviet Union: the fifteen constituent union republics of the USSR, founded 30 December 1922 with four republics (RSFSR, Ukraine, Byelorussia, Transcaucasia), nominally sovereign with secession rights, dissolved into 15 independent states in 1991.
Repurchase agreement
A repurchase agreement, or repo, is a short-term collateralized loan structured as a sale of securities with a commitment to repurchase them at a higher price.
Reputation system
A reputation system collects and aggregates feedback about participants' past behavior to compute trust scores, helping users choose trustworthy counterparts in online marketplaces, peer-to-peer networks, and sharing platforms.
Requerimiento
The Requerimiento (El Requerimiento) was a legal notification drafted in 1513 by Juan López de Palacios Rubios, read aloud to indigenous peoples of the Americas before Spanish military action.
Request for information
A request for information (RFI) is a non-binding market-research document a buyer issues before defining a requirement, to gather price, delivery, and capability information for planning.
Request for proposal
Request for proposal (RFP): a solicitation asking suppliers for full solution proposals, evaluated on technical approach, experience, and price; distinct from RFI, RFQ, and sealed-bid IFB/ITT.
Request for quotation
Request for quotation (RFQ): a procurement document asking suppliers for prices against fully specified requirements, used for low-risk, price-based buying under FAR Part 13, World Bank, and South African rules, distinct from RFI and RFP.
Requiem
A Requiem, also called a Mass for the departed, is the Catholic Mass for the dead of the Roman Rite, named for its opening chant, "Requiem aeternam."
Rerum novarum
Rerum novarum ("Of new things"), subtitled Rights and Duties of Capital and Labor, is Pope Leo XIII's May 15, 1891 encyclical founding modern Catholic social teaching: it defends private property, rejects socialism, and affirms unions, just wages, and limited state regulation of labor.
Rerun
A rerun (or repeat) is a rebroadcast of a television or radio program that has already aired after its first transmission, underpinning U.S. syndication economics since the 1950s.
RES 3945
RES 3945, the Karib'il Watar res gestae inscription, is a monumental Sabaic text recording eight campaigns of Saba's expansion in the early 7th century BC.
Res Gestae Divi Saporis
Res Gestae Divi Saporis, also known as ShKZ, is a trilingual inscription carved at Naqsh-e Rostam recording Shapur I's wars against Rome and his capture of Emperor Valerian.
Res ipsa loquitur
Res ipsa loquitur, Latin for "the thing speaks for itself," is a tort-law evidence doctrine from Byrne v Boadle (1863) letting plaintiffs infer negligence when an accident of a type that ordinarily signals negligence occurs under the defendant's control.
Res judicata
Res judicata, also known as claim preclusion, is the legal doctrine that a decided claim cannot be litigated again after a final judgment on the merits.
Res publica
Res publica, Latin for "the public thing," is the Roman term for the commonwealth or state and the root of "republic"; it denoted common civic affairs versus res privata, was denied as a hollow name by Caesar, and became the emperor's res privata.
Resale price maintenance
Resale price maintenance (RPM) is an arrangement in which a supplier fixes or sets floors or ceilings for the prices distributors may charge, rather than merely recommending prices.
ResCare (Onex Rescare Holdings Corp.)
ResCare, legally Res-Care, Inc., was a human-services company based in Louisville, Kentucky. Founded in 1974, it served about 60,000 people before Onex took it private in 2010.
Rescission (contract law)
Rescission in contract law is the undoing of a contract ab initio, restoring the parties to their pre-contract positions. Also called avoidance, it operates unilaterally, mutually, or by court order, and is barred by affirmation, delay, or failed counter-restitution.
Rescissions Act of 2025
Rescissions Act of 2025 (Public Law 119-28), US law signed July 24, 2025 canceling $9 billion in public broadcasting and foreign aid funds, the first successful presidential rescission under the Impoundment Control Act since 1992.