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Civil and water works

2,617 articles

Evergreen Point Floating Bridge

The Evergreen Point Floating Bridge, also called the Albert D. Rosellini Bridge, carries State Route 520 across Lake Washington in Seattle, connecting Montlake and Medina; it opened in 1963.

Evides

Evides (Evides Waterbedrijf) is a Dutch drinking water company headquartered in Rotterdam that supplies about 2.5 million people and major industries, the second largest in the Netherlands.

Expanded granular sludge bed digestion

Expanded granular sludge bed digestion is a high-rate anaerobic wastewater treatment process using a tall upflow reactor of granular sludge, developed from the UASB reactor in the late 1980s.

Extended aeration

Extended aeration is a low-rate modification of the activated sludge wastewater treatment process with long aeration times, most commonly built as oxidation ditches or package plants serving small communities.

Extensometer

An extensometer is an instrument that measures the change in distance between two points, from laboratory strain testing to borehole monitoring of ground movement around tunnels.

Extradosed bridge

An extradosed bridge is a concrete bridge whose stay cables pass over low pylons above the deck, combining a stiff prestressed box girder with a modest amount of cable support.

Extradosed bridges of Asia

Extradosed bridges of Asia covers the prestressed concrete girder bridges whose tendons pass over short masts, first built in Japan in 1994 and later adopted across China, India, and Thailand.

Eysturoyartunnilin

Eysturoyartunnilin, the Eysturoy tunnel, earlier Skálafjarðartunnilin, is an 11.2 km subsea road tunnel connecting Tórshavn on Streymoy to Eysturoy, opened in 2020 with the world's first subsea roundabout.

Fabrication of immersed tube tunnel elements

Fabrication of immersed tube tunnel elements is the prefabrication of complete tunnel sections before immersion: steel shells built like ships, concrete boxes cast in basins near the site.

Face support and ground conditioning in shield tunnelling

Face support and ground conditioning keep the soil at a shield tunnel's face stable, using pressurized conditioned soil in EPB shields or bentonite slurry in slurry shields.

Factor of safety

The factor of safety, also called the safety factor, is the dimensionless ratio by which a structure's capacity exceeds the load applied to it in engineering design.

Falcon Reservoir

Falcon Reservoir, officially Falcon International Reservoir and commonly Falcon Lake, impounds the Rio Grande on the Texas–Mexico border; it was completed in 1954 and is managed jointly by the two countries.

Falkirk Wheel

The Falkirk Wheel is a rotating boat lift in Falkirk, Scotland, opened in 2002 to connect the Forth & Clyde Canal with the Union Canal, 24 meters higher.

Falling weight deflectometer

A falling weight deflectometer (FWD) is a nondestructive pavement testing device that drops a weight onto the surface to simulate a moving truck and measure deflections.

Farakka Barrage (ফরাক্কা ব্যারাজ)

Farakka Barrage (ফরাক্কা ব্যারাজ), also called Farakka dam, is a 2,245-meter barrage across the Ganga in West Bengal, India, commissioned in 1975 to divert water toward Kolkata port.

Fargo–Moorhead flood diversion project

The Fargo–Moorhead flood diversion project, officially the FM Area Diversion, is a flood-control project that will divert Red River floodwater around Fargo, North Dakota and Moorhead, Minnesota.

Fatberg

A fatberg is a solid mass of congealed fat, oil, grease, and wet wipes that blocks sewer pipes, named by London sewer workers and known since 2013.

Fecal coliform

Fecal coliform bacteria are a subgroup of coliforms that ferment lactose at 44.5 °C and were long used as water quality indicators, including the EPA's 1976 recreational criteria.

Federal Bridge Gross Weight Formula

The Federal Bridge Gross Weight Formula, or Bridge Formula B, is a US formula limiting the weight of consecutive truck axles on Interstate highways, enacted in 1975.

Federal canal legislation in the United States

Federal canal legislation in the United States encompasses statutes directed at canals, including the 1824 General Survey Act and the Rivers and Harbors Act of 1899.

Fehmarn Belt fixed link

The Fehmarn Belt fixed link (Femern Bælt-forbindelsen) is an 18-kilometer immersed road-and-rail tunnel under construction between Lolland, Denmark, and Fehmarn, Germany, expected to open in 2029.

FEMA P-695

FEMA P-695, Quantification of Building Seismic Performance Factors, is a 2009 FEMA report that sets a probabilistic methodology for quantifying seismic performance factors of building lateral systems.

Ferdinand de Lesseps

Ferdinand de Lesseps (1805–1894) was a French diplomat and entrepreneur who organized the construction of the Suez Canal, opened in 1869, and later led the failed French Panama canal attempt.

Fiber-reinforced concrete

Fiber-reinforced concrete (FRC) is a composite of hydraulic cement, aggregate, and discontinuous fibers, usually steel, glass, synthetic, or natural, that bridges cracks and adds post-cracking strength.

Fiber-reinforced plastic rebar

Fiber-reinforced plastic rebar, also called fiber-reinforced polymer or FRP rebar, is a noncorrosive concrete reinforcing bar made of glass, carbon, or basalt fibers in a polymer resin, used where steel would corrode.

FIDIC

FIDIC, the International Federation of Consulting Engineers, is the global body for national consulting engineering associations, known for its standard construction contracts like the Red Book.

Fink truss

The Fink truss is a bridge and roof truss patented by engineer Albert Fink in 1854, in which paired wrought-iron tension diagonals support the feet of vertical compression posts.

Finland Railway Bridge (Финляндский железнодорожный мост)

The Finland Railway Bridge (Финляндский железнодорожный мост) is a bascule railway bridge over the Neva in Saint Petersburg, opened in 1913 and actually two parallel single-track bridges.

Fire hydrant

A fire hydrant, also called a fire plug, is a connection point on a pressurized water main that lets firefighters draw large volumes of water.

Firestone and Ford tire controversy

The Firestone and Ford tire controversy was a product-safety crisis in which Firestone tires on the Ford Explorer suffered tread separations, causing hundreds of deaths and a 2000 recall.