Artificial intelligence and data

List of artificial intelligence projects

A list of notable artificial intelligence projects: landmark systems like Deep Blue and AlphaGo, government initiatives such as Stargate and InvestAI, and frontier-model programs tracked by Epoch AI.

List of biological databases

The list of biological databases, also called the list of bioinformatics databases, covers organized collections of sequence, structure, and expression data, with NCBI, EMBL-EBI, and DDBJ as core providers.

List of data structures

The list of data structures covers the main families, including arrays, linked lists, balanced trees, hash tables, and B-trees, with operation costs and real-world benchmarks.

List of datasets for machine-learning research

The list of datasets for machine-learning research, also called a comparison of datasets in machine learning, covers the public collections researchers use to train, evaluate, and compare algorithms, from the UCI repository to Kaggle.

List of fictional computers

The list of fictional computers, also known as the list of fictional artificial intelligences, covers computers and sentient machine systems appearing in fiction, from HAL 9000 to Skynet.

List of national identity card policies by country

A survey of national identity card policies by country, sorting countries into mandatory cards, optional cards, and no card, with 2017 OSCE counts and country examples.

List of NP-complete problems

The list of NP-complete problems collects the standard named decision problems, such as SAT, clique, and traveling salesman, starting with Karp's 21 problems of 1972.

List of online music databases

The list of online music databases describes searchable sites cataloging music metadata, grouping community catalogs like MusicBrainz and Discogs, editorial AllMusic, scholarly RISM, score library IMSLP, and rights databases.

List of proteins

List of proteins: protein catalogs and classification resources, including UniProt, Pfam, InterPro, SCOP, CATH, and the AlphaFold structure database, which organize protein sequences into families, domains, and structural classes.

List of Regional Transport Office districts in India

The list of Regional Transport Office (RTO) districts in India, or List of RTO districts, covers the state codes and office numbers, like MH 12 for Pune, shown on Indian registration plates.

List of technology in the Dune universe

The list of technology in the Dune universe covers Frank Herbert's fictional devices, from stillsuits and Holtzman shields to ornithopters, shaped by a ban on thinking machines.

List of unsolved problems in computer science

A list of unsolved questions about what computation can do efficiently, spanning complexity theory, cryptography, and quantum computing, with P versus NP the best known.

Lists of open-source artificial intelligence software

Lists of open-source artificial intelligence software are curated catalogs of AI tools, libraries, frameworks, and models with open licenses, including GitHub awesome lists and platform category pages.

LiteRT

LiteRT, formerly TensorFlow Lite, is Google's open-source runtime for on-device machine learning inference, renamed in 2024; it has powered ML in over 100,000 apps on 2.7 billion devices.

LiveRamp Holdings

LiveRamp Holdings is a San Francisco-based data collaboration and identity resolution company known for RampID and AbiliTec; Publicis Groupe agreed to acquire it in 2026 for $2.167 billion.

LLaMA-Factory

LLaMA-Factory is an open-source framework for the efficient fine-tuning of large language models and vision-language models, created at Beihang University and presented at ACL 2024. It unifies LoRA-style methods, preference alignment, and a no-code web UI.

Oct 26, 2026

LLM-assisted data wrangling

LLM-assisted data wrangling uses large language models to clean, impute, match, and transform tabular data via prompting, replacing task-specific pipelines; key issues are hallucination, prompt brittleness, cost, and required validation.

Lloyd's algorithm

Lloyd's algorithm is an iterative method for k-means clustering, popularly called the k-means algorithm, that repeatedly assigns points to their nearest center and moves each center to its cluster's mean.

LMSYS Org

LMSYS Org (Large Model Systems Organization) is an American non-profit, founded in 2023 by UC Berkeley, Stanford, UCSD, CMU, and MBZUAI researchers, known for Vicuna, SGLang, and Chatbot Arena.

Loab

Loab is an AI-generated image of a distressed older woman, discovered in 2022 by the artist Supercomposite, whose face persistently reappeared in images crossed with gore and horror.

Load balancing (computing)

Load balancing, or load distribution, distributes incoming network requests across a pool of backend servers using algorithms such as round robin and least connections to maximize throughput.

Local binary patterns

Local binary patterns (LBP) are texture descriptors in computer vision that encode each pixel's neighborhood as a binary code, used for texture classification and face recognition.

Local differential privacy

Local differential privacy (LDP) is a variant of differential privacy where each user randomizes their own data before it leaves their device, eliminating the trusted curator.

Local interpretable model-agnostic explanations

Local interpretable model-agnostic explanations (LIME) is a machine learning method that explains individual predictions of black-box models, introduced by Ribeiro, Singh, and Guestrin in 2016.

Local outlier factor

The local outlier factor (LOF) is an anomaly detection algorithm that scores each data point by the sparsity of its local neighborhood, introduced by Breunig, Kriegel, Ng, and Sander in 2000.

Local search (optimization)

Local search, also known as the local search algorithm, is a heuristic optimization method that repeatedly moves from a current solution to a better neighbor, stopping at a local optimum.

Locality-sensitive hashing

Locality-sensitive hashing (LSH) is a hashing method in which similar inputs collide in the same bucket with high probability and dissimilar inputs rarely, enabling approximate nearest-neighbor and near-duplicate search.

Locally linear embedding

Locally linear embedding (LLE) is an unsupervised algorithm for nonlinear dimensionality reduction that maps high-dimensional data into a low-dimensional, neighborhood-preserving embedding, introduced by Roweis and Saul in 2000.