104 articles
Dopant-free hole transport
Dopant-free hole transport is the design of hole transport materials for perovskite solar cells that are intrinsically conductive without chemical dopants, improving stability and cutting fabrication cost; top efficiencies exceed 25%.
Electron transport layer
An electron transport layer is an n-type semiconductor film in a solar cell that extracts photo-generated electrons to the electrode and blocks holes, used chiefly in perovskite solar cells.
Flexible perovskite solar cell
A flexible perovskite solar cell is a thin-film photovoltaic device made on bendable substrates such as plastic, metal foil, or ultrathin glass, with single-junction efficiencies now above 23%.
Flexible perovskite solar modules
Flexible perovskite solar modules are photovoltaic modules that integrate multiple perovskite sub-cells on bendable plastic or metal foil substrates, offering high efficiency, low weight, and roll-to-roll manufacturing compatibility.
Formamidinium lead iodide
FAPbI3, or formamidinium lead triiodide, is a halide perovskite whose 1.48 eV bandgap makes it the leading light absorber in perovskite solar cells above 26% efficiency.
Formamidinium perovskite solar cells
Formamidinium perovskite solar cells are photovoltaic devices whose absorber, formamidinium lead triiodide (FAPbI₃), offers a narrow 1.48 eV band gap and certified efficiencies of 26.7%, though stabilizing its photoactive black phase remains the main challenge.
Formamidinium tin iodide
Formamidinium tin iodide (FASnI₃) is a lead-free tin halide perovskite with a 1.41 eV band gap, the composition behind the highest efficiencies for tin perovskite solar cells.
Germanium halide perovskites
Germanium halide perovskites are lead-free semiconductors of formula AGeX₃, in which Ge²⁺ replaces lead; they are studied as less toxic solar-cell absorbers limited by Ge²⁺ oxidation.
Grain-boundary passivation in perovskite films
Grain-boundary passivation in perovskite films is the chemical treatment of crystal interfaces in a perovskite layer to neutralize defect states, reducing recombination and slowing degradation.
Green-solvent processing of perovskite solar cells
Green-solvent processing of perovskite solar cells is the fabrication of these devices using low-toxicity solvents such as ethanol and GVL instead of hazardous DMF and NMP.
Halide segregation
Halide segregation, also called phase segregation, is the light- or bias-driven separation of a mixed-halide perovskite into iodide-rich and bromide-rich domains, a central stability problem for perovskite solar cells.
Hoke effect
The Hoke effect, first reported in 2015 by Eric T. Hoke at Stanford, is the reversible light-induced phase segregation of mixed-halide perovskites into iodide-rich and bromide-rich domains.
Hysteresis in perovskite solar cells
Hysteresis in perovskite solar cells is the dependence of a cell's measured efficiency on the direction and rate of the voltage sweep, first reported in 2014.
Interface passivation
Interface passivation is the treatment of layer boundaries in semiconductor devices, most prominently perovskite solar cells, to reduce defect states, suppress non-radiative recombination, and block degradation pathways.
Interfacial dipole engineering in perovskite solar cells
Interfacial dipole engineering in perovskite solar cells (PSCs) inserts oriented molecular dipole layers at device interfaces, tuning energy-level alignment, passivating defects, and improving efficiency and stability.
Interfacial engineering in solar cells
Interfacial engineering in solar cells is the deliberate design of boundaries between a photovoltaic device's functional layers to cut recombination losses, align energy levels, and improve efficiency and stability.
Inverted perovskite solar cell
An inverted perovskite solar cell is a perovskite photovoltaic device built in the p-i-n layer order, reversing conventional n-i-p stacking, with certified efficiencies exceeding 27%.
Ion migration (perovskite solar cells)
Ion migration in perovskite solar cells is the movement of ions such as iodide through the soft perovskite lattice, causing current–voltage hysteresis and long-term degradation.
Ionic capacitance in perovskite solar cells
Ionic capacitance in perovskite solar cells is a very large, slow capacitance arising from mobile ions, prominent since 2015 and a key cause of current–voltage hysteresis in measurements.
ISOS stability protocols
The ISOS stability protocols are consensus procedures for testing the stability of organic and perovskite solar cells, established at a summit in Roskilde, Denmark, in 2010.
Lead-free perovskite solar cell
A lead-free perovskite solar cell is a photovoltaic device using tin, germanium, bismuth, or antimony instead of toxic lead, with tin cells reaching about 18% efficiency.
Lead-free tin halide perovskite solar cells
Lead-free tin halide perovskite solar cells replace lead with tin in the perovskite absorber, reaching efficiencies approaching 18% since the first cell was demonstrated in 2014.
Lead-tin halide perovskite
A lead-tin halide perovskite is a mixed-cation perovskite semiconductor with a narrow bandgap around 1.2 to 1.3 eV, used as the bottom absorber in all-perovskite tandem solar cells.
Lewis acid-base adduct engineering in perovskites
Lewis acid-base adduct engineering in perovskites is a materials-design strategy for perovskite solar cells in which Lewis bases or acids form coordination adducts that passivate defects and control crystallization.
Lewis base passivation of perovskite solar cells
Lewis base passivation of perovskite solar cells is a defect-control strategy in which electron-pair-donating molecules with nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur donors coordinate undercoordinated Pb2+ defects, reducing recombination and improving efficiency and stability.
Light soaking-induced efficiency improvement (photo-brightening) in perovskite solar cells
Light soaking-induced efficiency improvement, or photo-brightening, is the largely reversible rise in efficiency of a perovskite solar cell under prolonged illumination, driven by ion migration and defect passivation.
Meso-superstructured perovskite solar cell
The meso-superstructured perovskite solar cell (MSSC), introduced at Oxford in 2012, coats a perovskite absorber on an insulating mesoporous alumina scaffold, proving the perovskite transports its own charges and reaching 10.9% efficiency.
Mesoscopic perovskite solar cell
A mesoscopic perovskite solar cell is a perovskite photovoltaic device in which the absorber forms inside a porous metal-oxide scaffold, an architecture descended from the dye-sensitized solar cell.
Methylammonium lead iodide
Methylammonium lead iodide (CH₃NH₃PbI₃, commonly abbreviated MAPbI₃) is a hybrid organic–inorganic perovskite semiconductor that debuted in solar cells at 3.8% efficiency in 2009 and became the most studied perovskite light absorber.
Narrow-bandgap perovskite
A narrow-bandgap perovskite is a mixed tin-lead metal-halide semiconductor with a bandgap near 1.2 eV, serving as the bottom light absorber in all-perovskite tandem solar cells.