104 articles
Nickel oxide hole transport layer
A nickel oxide hole transport layer (NiOx HTL) is a transparent, chemically stable inorganic film used as the hole-selective contact on the illuminated side of inverted perovskite solar cells.
Non-radiative recombination
Non-radiative recombination is the annihilation of an electron–hole pair in a semiconductor without emitting a photon, wasting energy as heat and limiting solar cell voltage.
Open-circuit voltage deficit
The open-circuit voltage deficit is the difference between a solar cell's theoretical Shockley–Queisser voltage limit and its measured open-circuit voltage, a figure of merit for photovoltaic quality.
PbI2 passivation in perovskite solar cells
PbI2 passivation is the deliberate use of excess lead iodide at perovskite solar cell surfaces and grain boundaries to reduce carrier recombination, first demonstrated in 2014 and widely adopted since.
Perovskite encapsulation
Perovskite encapsulation is the sealing of perovskite solar cells in barrier materials, usually glass with a polymer layer and edge seal, to protect them from moisture and heat.
Perovskite mini-module
A perovskite mini-module is a small photovoltaic module in which perovskite solar cells are monolithically series-interconnected on a single substrate, typically 200 to 800 cm².
Perovskite passivation
Perovskite passivation is the set of chemical treatments that neutralize defects in metal halide perovskite films, boosting perovskite solar cell efficiency toward 27% and slowing degradation.
Perovskite quantum dot solar cells
Perovskite quantum dot solar cells (PQDSCs) are photovoltaic devices whose light-absorbing layer is a film of perovskite nanocrystals, typically FAPbI3, reaching a certified efficiency of 18.23%.
Perovskite solar cell recycling
Perovskite solar cell recycling is the recovery of functional materials, including the lead-halide absorber, from end-of-life perovskite solar cells, since lead toxicity makes it essential for deployment.
Perovskite solar module
A perovskite solar module is a photovoltaic panel whose light-absorbing layer is a metal-halide perovskite thin film, a candidate for low-cost, high-efficiency solar power both alone and in perovskite-silicon tandems.
Perovskite stability under moisture and oxygen
Perovskite stability under moisture and oxygen is how well perovskite solar cells resist water vapor and oxygen, whose reactions decompose the material into lead iodide.
Perovskite tandem solar cell
A perovskite tandem solar cell stacks a wide-bandgap perovskite absorber over silicon or another material, so the two layers capture different parts of the sunlight spectrum and beat either alone.
Perovskite-silicon tandem solar cell
A perovskite-silicon tandem solar cell is a photovoltaic device that stacks a perovskite cell on silicon, with certified laboratory efficiency above 35% and first commercial panels shipped in 2024.
Perovskite/CIGS tandem solar cell
A perovskite/CIGS tandem solar cell is a photovoltaic device stacking a wide-bandgap perovskite absorber on a copper indium gallium selenide absorber, lightweight and flexible, with lab efficiencies above 30%.
Perovskite/organic tandem solar cell
A perovskite/organic tandem solar cell is a photovoltaic device stacking a wide-bandgap perovskite sub-cell over a narrow-bandgap organic sub-cell, with lab efficiencies rising from below 17% to over 27%.
Perovskite/quantum-dot tandem solar cells
A perovskite/quantum-dot tandem solar cell is a photovoltaic device that stacks a perovskite top cell over a lead sulfide quantum-dot bottom cell, harvesting both visible and infrared light.
Photon recycling in lead iodide perovskite solar cells
Photon recycling in lead iodide perovskite solar cells is the repeated reabsorption and reemission of photons within the absorber, first demonstrated directly in 2016, enabling long energy-transport distances.
Photon recycling in perovskite solar cells
Photon recycling in perovskite solar cells is the process by which photons from radiative recombination are reabsorbed within the perovskite, extending carrier diffusion length and raising open-circuit voltage.
Planar heterojunction perovskite solar cells
A planar heterojunction perovskite solar cell is a photovoltaic device with a flat perovskite film between electron and hole transport layers, without a porous scaffold.
Pseudo-halide anion engineering in perovskites
Pseudo-halide anion engineering is a perovskite solar cell strategy that introduces halide-like polyatomic anions, mainly thiocyanate and formate, to passivate defects and has enabled efficiencies exceeding 25%.
PTAA
PTAA, poly[bis(4-phenyl)(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)amine], is an amorphous poly(triaryl)amine polymer semiconductor used as a hole transport layer in perovskite solar cells, where it conducts holes while blocking electrons; it was originally used in organic light-emitting diodes.
Reverse bias breakdown
Reverse bias breakdown is the onset of large reverse current in a solar cell under reversed voltage, occurring around −2 V in perovskite cells and causing hot spots and degradation.
Reverse-bias degradation of perovskite solar cells
Reverse-bias degradation is the efficiency loss perovskite solar cells suffer under negative voltage, typically when partial shading drives a cell in a series module below zero volts.
Reversible hydration of MAPbI3
Reversible hydration of MAPbI3 is the uptake of water vapor by methylammonium lead iodide, a perovskite used in solar cells, forming hydrates that revert on drying.
Ruddlesden-Popper perovskite
A Ruddlesden-Popper perovskite is a layered two-dimensional variant of the perovskite structure, named for Ruddlesden and Popper, whose late-1950s compounds underpin stable perovskite solar cells.
Ruddlesden–Popper perovskite solar cells
Ruddlesden–Popper perovskite solar cells use a layered two-dimensional perovskite light absorber whose bulky organic cations improve stability against moisture, heat, and light at some cost to efficiency.
Scan-rate-dependent hysteresis in perovskite solar cells
Scan-rate-dependent hysteresis in perovskite solar cells is the dependence of the measured current density–voltage curve on voltage sweep speed, widely attributed to slow ion migration in the absorber.
Self-assembled monolayer hole transport layers (MeO-2PACz)
MeO-2PACz is a self-assembled monolayer molecule used as a dopant-free hole transport layer in inverted perovskite solar cells, first reported in 2019 and now sold commercially.
Self-assembled monolayer hole-selective layer
A self-assembled monolayer hole-selective layer is a single-molecule-thick organic film, chemically anchored to a transparent electrode, that extracts holes in perovskite solar cells and has been standard since 2018.
Self-healing perovskite solar cell
A self-healing perovskite solar cell is a perovskite solar cell designed to recover from damage by light, heat, moisture, UV radiation, or mechanical stress, addressing perovskites' instability.