461 articles
Perovskite passivation
Perovskite passivation is the set of chemical treatments that neutralize defects in metal halide perovskite films, boosting perovskite solar cell efficiency toward 27% and slowing degradation.
Perovskite quantum dot solar cells
Perovskite quantum dot solar cells (PQDSCs) are photovoltaic devices whose light-absorbing layer is a film of perovskite nanocrystals, typically FAPbI3, reaching a certified efficiency of 18.23%.
Perovskite solar cell
A perovskite solar cell is a photovoltaic device with a lead or tin metal-halide light absorber, whose efficiency has climbed from 3.8% in 2009 to over 26%.
Perovskite solar cell recycling
Perovskite solar cell recycling is the recovery of functional materials, including the lead-halide absorber, from end-of-life perovskite solar cells, since lead toxicity makes it essential for deployment.
Perovskite solar module
A perovskite solar module is a photovoltaic panel whose light-absorbing layer is a metal-halide perovskite thin film, a candidate for low-cost, high-efficiency solar power both alone and in perovskite-silicon tandems.
Perovskite stability under moisture and oxygen
Perovskite stability under moisture and oxygen is how well perovskite solar cells resist water vapor and oxygen, whose reactions decompose the material into lead iodide.
Perovskite tandem solar cell
A perovskite tandem solar cell stacks a wide-bandgap perovskite absorber over silicon or another material, so the two layers capture different parts of the sunlight spectrum and beat either alone.
Perovskite-silicon tandem solar cell
A perovskite-silicon tandem solar cell is a photovoltaic device that stacks a perovskite cell on silicon, with certified laboratory efficiency above 35% and first commercial panels shipped in 2024.
Perovskite/CIGS tandem solar cell
A perovskite/CIGS tandem solar cell is a photovoltaic device stacking a wide-bandgap perovskite absorber on a copper indium gallium selenide absorber, lightweight and flexible, with lab efficiencies above 30%.
Perovskite/organic tandem solar cell
A perovskite/organic tandem solar cell is a photovoltaic device stacking a wide-bandgap perovskite sub-cell over a narrow-bandgap organic sub-cell, with lab efficiencies rising from below 17% to over 27%.
Perovskite/quantum-dot tandem solar cells
A perovskite/quantum-dot tandem solar cell is a photovoltaic device that stacks a perovskite top cell over a lead sulfide quantum-dot bottom cell, harvesting both visible and infrared light.
Perturb and observe algorithm
The perturb and observe (P&O) algorithm, also called hill climbing, is the most commonly used maximum power point tracking method for photovoltaic arrays, adjusting voltage to maximize power.
Photoanode
A photoanode is the illuminated electrode of a photoelectrochemical cell where oxidation reactions occur, typically an n-type semiconductor such as TiO2, hematite, or BiVO4, often used for solar water splitting.
Photon recycling in lead iodide perovskite solar cells
Photon recycling in lead iodide perovskite solar cells is the repeated reabsorption and reemission of photons within the absorber, first demonstrated directly in 2016, enabling long energy-transport distances.
Photon recycling in perovskite solar cells
Photon recycling in perovskite solar cells is the process by which photons from radiative recombination are reabsorbed within the perovskite, extending carrier diffusion length and raising open-circuit voltage.
Photovoltaic backsheet
A photovoltaic backsheet is the polymer layer laminated to the rear of a solar module, providing electrical insulation and a weather barrier for the module's 25 to 30 year service life.
Photovoltaic encapsulant
A photovoltaic encapsulant is the polymer sheet, typically EVA, that embeds solar cells between glass and backsheet, transmitting light, cushioning cells, and insulating the circuit.
Photovoltaic glazing
Photovoltaic glazing is building glazing with integrated solar cells or films that generates electricity while serving as a window or facade element, a form of building-integrated photovoltaics used in near-zero-energy building design.
Photovoltaic module electroluminescence inspection
Photovoltaic module electroluminescence inspection is a non-destructive diagnostic method in which biased solar cells emit near-infrared light, recorded by a camera so defects appear dark.
Photovoltaic module flash test
A photovoltaic module flash test is an indoor measurement using a solar simulator's short light pulse to record a module's I-V curve under standard test conditions, giving maximum power, voltage, current, and fill factor.
Photovoltaic module recycling
Photovoltaic module recycling is the collection and processing of end-of-life solar panels to recover glass, aluminum, copper, silicon, and silver, and to manage toxic lead and cadmium.
Photovoltaic power station
A photovoltaic power station, also called a solar farm or solar power plant, is a large array of solar panels feeding electricity directly into the grid.
Photovoltaic system
A photovoltaic (PV) system is an assembly of solar cells, modules, inverters, and wiring that converts sunlight directly into electricity, with arrays sized for any electrical demand.
Photovoltaics
Photovoltaics (PV) is the conversion of sunlight into electricity using semiconductor solar cells wired into panels; solar PV is now among the cheapest sources of new power.
Photowatt
Photowatt was a French photovoltaic manufacturer founded in 1979 in Bourgoin-Jallieu, among the world's leading panel makers in the early 2000s, and France's last cell producer before closing in 2025.
Pike Solar Project
The Pike Solar Project is a 175 MW utility-scale solar plant near Fountain, Colorado, which entered commercial operation in December 2023 and powers about 46,300 homes.
Pinnington solar farm
The Pinnington solar farm is an 825 MW photovoltaic power plant in Jack County, Texas, developed by Repsol and placed in commercial operation in May 2026.
Planar heterojunction perovskite solar cells
A planar heterojunction perovskite solar cell is a photovoltaic device with a flat perovskite film between electron and hole transport layers, without a porous scaffold.
Plane of array irradiance
Plane of array (POA) irradiance is the solar radiation, in watts per square meter, that strikes a photovoltaic array's tilted surface, differing from horizontal irradiance through tilt, azimuth, and tracking.
PM6:Y6 bulk heterojunction
PM6:Y6 is the bulk heterojunction active layer formed by blending the donor polymer PM6 with the non-fullerene acceptor Y6, setting a certified 14.9% efficiency record in 2019.