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National Society of Black Engineers
The National Society of Black Engineers (NSBE) is an American nonprofit founded in 1975 at Purdue University that supports Black engineering students and professionals, with nearly 26,000 members.
National Solar Radiation Data Base
The National Solar Radiation Data Base (NSRDB) is a free, publicly available collection of hourly solar radiation and meteorological data produced by NREL for solar energy planning.
National Solar Thermal Test Facility
The National Solar Thermal Test Facility (NSTTF) is a U.S. Department of Energy facility in Albuquerque, New Mexico, run by Sandia National Laboratories for concentrating solar power research.
National Space Centre
The National Space Centre is a visitor attraction, education and research facility in Leicester, England, opened in 2001, with the Sir Patrick Moore Planetarium and a 42-meter Rocket Tower.
National Space Grant College and Fellowship Program
Space Grant, formally the National Space Grant College and Fellowship Program, is a NASA-administered network of 52 state-based consortia supporting space science and engineering education since 1989.
National Space Program (Algeria)
The National Space Program (Programme Spatial National, PSN) is Algeria's state program for developing and operating its Earth observation and telecommunications satellites, run by the Algerian Space Agency.
National Space Society
The National Space Society is an independent, nonpartisan nonprofit dedicated to creating a spacefaring civilization; formed in 1987, it runs the annual International Space Development Conference.
National Spherical Torus Experiment
NSTX (National Spherical Torus Experiment) is a magnetic confinement fusion device at the Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory that tests the spherical tokamak, a compact, apple-shaped alternative to conventional tokamaks.
National Spherical Torus Experiment-Upgrade
The National Spherical Torus Experiment-Upgrade is a spherical tokamak fusion facility at the Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, the largest of its kind in the United States.
National Strategic Computing Initiative
The National Strategic Computing Initiative is a US federal program, established in 2015 by executive order, to coordinate high-performance computing research and development across federal agencies.
National Structural Code of the Philippines
The National Structural Code of the Philippines (NSCP) is the country's structural design standard, published by ASEP and legally enforceable under the National Building Code.
National Supercomputing Mission
The National Supercomputing Mission is a Government of India program launched in 2015 to connect academic and research institutions through a national grid of supercomputers, with a budget of Rs 45 billion.
National Technology Initiative
The National Technology Initiative (НТИ, NTI) is a Russian government program launched in 2016 to create new high-technology markets and secure Russia's global technological leadership by 2035.
National Telecommunications and Information Administration
The National Telecommunications and Information Administration is a Commerce Department agency, established in 1978, that manages federal spectrum use and advises the President on telecommunications policy.
National Telecommunications Commission
The National Telecommunications Commission, also known as the Pambansang Komisyon sa Telekomunikasyon, is the Philippine government agency regulating telecommunications, broadcast, cable TV, and the radio spectrum.
National Telecommunications Regulatory Agency (Morocco)
The National Telecommunications Regulatory Agency (ANRT; French: Agence Nationale de Réglementation des Télécommunications) is Morocco's telecommunications regulator, created in 1998 under Law No. 24-96 to license operators and manage the radio spectrum.
National traditions in bridge engineering
National traditions in bridge engineering surveys how the United States, France, Germany, Switzerland, Japan, and the United Kingdom design bridges, tracing each tradition from the 1716 French Corps des Ponts et Chaussées to modern codes.
National Transportation Safety Board
The National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) is an independent US federal agency, established in 1967, that investigates aviation and other transportation accidents and issues safety recommendations.
National Union of Mineworkers
The National Union of Mineworkers (NUM) is a British trade union for coal miners, established in 1945 from the Miners' Federation of Great Britain ahead of coal nationalisation in 1947.
National University of Defense Technology
National University of Defense Technology (NUDT, 国防科技大学) is a People's Liberation Army research university in Changsha, Hunan, China, founded in 1953 and known for the Tianhe supercomputers and BeiDou contributions.
National Vulnerability Database
The National Vulnerability Database is the United States government repository of standards-based vulnerability data, maintained by NIST since 2005, which adds severity scores and product details to CVE identifiers.
National Water Carrier of Israel
The National Water Carrier of Israel, built by Mekorot between 1953 and 1964, is a 130-kilometer system conveying water from the Sea of Galilee to central and southern Israel.
National Water Company (Saudi Arabia)
The National Water Company (Arabic: شركة المياه الوطنية) is a Saudi joint stock company, fully state-owned, providing water supply and sanitation services since its 2008 creation.
National Water Supply and Drainage Board
The National Water Supply and Drainage Board (NWSDB) is the principal statutory authority for safe drinking water and sanitation in Sri Lanka, established in January 1975.
Nationalization of the Iranian oil industry
The nationalization of the Iranian oil industry was the 1951 transfer of Iran's oil from the British-owned Anglo-Iranian Oil Company to the Iranian state, led by Mohammad Mosaddeq.
Nationwide Mutual Usage Service (交通系ICカード全国相互利用サービス)
The Nationwide Mutual Usage Service is a Japanese scheme, launched in 2013, letting one transport IC card like Suica or ICOCA ride trains and buses nationwide.
Native multimodal pretraining
Native multimodal pretraining, often called early fusion, trains one transformer from scratch on interleaved text, image, and video tokens instead of attaching a vision encoder to an LLM.
Native sparse attention
Native sparse attention (NSA) is a natively trainable, hardware-aligned sparse attention mechanism for long-context language models, introduced in February 2025 by Jingyang Yuan with DeepSeek co-authors including Wenfeng Liang.
NATM in soft ground
NATM in soft ground, known in the United States as the Sequential Excavation Method (SEM), applies the New Austrian Tunnelling Method's sequential excavation with sprayed-concrete lining to soils such as clays, silts, and sands.
NATO bombing of Yugoslavia
The NATO bombing of Yugoslavia, known as Operation Allied Force, was a 78-day air campaign in 1999 over Kosovo, NATO's largest combat operation, ending with Yugoslav withdrawal.