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Planning Techniques
Planning techniques: structured methods (MBO, PERT, PPBS, Delphi, scenario construction, comparison matrix, MCA, decision analysis) for setting goals, generating alternatives, and evaluating options in organizations, urban planning, and AI planning.
Planon
Planon is a Dutch enterprise software company founded in 1982 that develops integrated workplace management system software for corporate real estate, facilities, maintenance, and sustainability management.
Planova
Planova is a brand of virus removal filters made by Asahi Kasei Medical, launched in 1989 as the world's first filter for virus removal in biotherapeutics manufacturing.
Plant Bowen
Plant Bowen is a coal-fired power station in Bartow County, Georgia, near Cartersville, owned by Georgia Power, with four coal-fired units of 3,376 MW that began operation between 1971 and 1975.
Planta Centro power station
Planta Centro power station, Spanish Termoeléctrica Planta Centro, is a gas-fired power station at Morón, Venezuela, with a design capacity of 2,000 MW and now largely out of service.
Plantation complexes in the Southern United States
A plantation complex in the Southern United States was an agricultural estate organized around a single cash crop, worked by enslaved labor before 1865 and tenancy afterward.
PlantBottle
PlantBottle is a PET plastic beverage bottle introduced by The Coca-Cola Company in 2009, in which up to 30 percent of the petroleum-based plastic comes from sugarcane and other plants.
PlantEye
PlantEye is a multispectral 3D laser scanner for plant phenotyping made by Phenospex of Heerlen, the Netherlands, which measures plant height, leaf area, and biomass non-destructively in greenhouses and fields.
Plantin-Moretus Museum
The Plantin-Moretus Museum, also called Museum Plantin-Moretus, is in Antwerp, Belgium, in the printing house where the Plantin and Moretus family worked from 1576 until the 1860s.
Plants in space
Plants in space are plants grown aboard spacecraft and space stations to study how spaceflight affects plant biology and test whether crops can supplement astronaut diets on long missions.
Plaquemines LNG Terminal
Plaquemines LNG Terminal is a Venture Global liquefied natural gas export facility in Plaquemines Parish, Louisiana, about 20 miles south of New Orleans, that shipped its first cargo in December 2024.
Plasma ablation
Plasma ablation is the removal of surface material by plasma, combining ion bombardment with chemical conversion to volatile products; the literature usually calls it plasma etching.
Plasma activation
Plasma activation is a surface-treatment method that uses cold gas plasma to create reactive functional groups in a material's outer few nanometers, improving wettability, adhesion, and coating performance.
Plasma arc gasification
Plasma arc gasification is a waste treatment process in which a plasma torch breaks organic waste down into syngas while melting the inorganic fraction into a glassy, leach-resistant slag.
Plasma arc welding
Plasma arc welding (PAW) is an arc welding process in which a constricted arc through a copper nozzle makes deep, narrow single-pass welds, developed from TIG welding in the 1950s.
Plasma cleaning
Plasma cleaning is a surface treatment method that uses ionized gas to remove organic contaminants, oxide films, and processing residues before bonding, coating, or assembly, widely used in semiconductor manufacturing.
Plasma cutting
Plasma cutting, also called plasma arc cutting, is a thermal process that cuts conductive metals such as steel, stainless steel, and aluminum with a jet of ionized gas.
Plasma doping
Plasma doping (PLAD), also called plasma immersion ion implantation (PIII), is a semiconductor doping technique where a pulsed wafer bias implants ions from a plasma directly.
Plasma electrolytic oxidation
Plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO), also called micro-arc oxidation, is an electrochemical process using high-voltage sparking to grow hard ceramic coatings on light metals such as aluminum, titanium, and magnesium.
Plasma etching
Plasma etching, also called dry etching, is a semiconductor manufacturing process that removes wafer material with reactive gas plasma, producing vertical, anisotropic profiles wet etching cannot.
Plasma focus
A plasma focus, or dense plasma focus (DPF), is a pulsed-power device in which a high-current discharge collapses plasma onto the axis, emitting X-rays, ions, and neutrons.
Plasma globe
A plasma globe, also called a plasma ball or plasma lamp, is a clear glass sphere whose central electrode sends glowing electric filaments to the inner glass surface.
Plasma nitriding
Plasma nitriding, also called ion nitriding or glow-discharge nitriding, is a surface-hardening treatment that diffuses nitrogen into metal parts using ionized gas plasma to improve wear resistance.
Plasma oxidation
Plasma oxidation is a low-temperature materials-processing method that grows a thin oxide layer, such as SiO2 on silicon, by exposing the surface to an oxygen-containing plasma.
Plasma propulsion engine
A plasma propulsion engine, or plasma thruster, is a spacecraft engine that accelerates ionized propellant, usually xenon, with electric or magnetic fields to produce thrust.
Plasma sheath communication blackout
Plasma sheath communication blackout is the loss of radio, telemetry, and GPS signals when a hypersonic vehicle is enveloped in shock-heated, ionized gas, a problem known since the Apollo reentries.
Plasma spray physical vapor deposition
Plasma spray physical vapor deposition (PS-PVD), also called very low pressure plasma spray, is a low-pressure thermal spray process producing vapor-grown thermal barrier coatings on turbine components.
Plasma spraying
Plasma spraying is a thermal spray coating process that melts powder feedstock in a plasma jet up to 16,000 K and deposits it as a coating on nearly any thermally stable substrate.
Plasma treatment (surface engineering)
Plasma treatment is a surface engineering method that exposes a material to ionized gas, altering only its outermost surface layers to improve wettability, adhesion, and biocompatibility.
Plasma waveguide
A plasma waveguide is a column of plasma whose electron density rises with radius, guiding high-intensity laser pulses used in laser wakefield acceleration to reach multi-GeV electron energies.