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Distance-vector routing protocol
A distance-vector routing protocol is a distributed routing protocol in which each router knows only the distance and next hop to each destination, as reported by its immediate neighbors.
Distant retrograde orbit
A distant retrograde orbit, also known as a quasi-satellite orbit (QSO), is a stable orbit around a body like the Moon, first studied by John Jackson in 1913.
Distant supervision
Distant supervision is a technique for automatically labeling training data by aligning a knowledge base with an unlabeled corpus, introduced for relation extraction by Mintz et al. at Stanford in 2009.
DistilBERT
DistilBERT is a smaller, faster version of the BERT language model, introduced in October 2019 by Hugging Face using knowledge distillation during pre-training rather than task-specific compression.
Distillation
Distillation is a separation process that splits a liquid mixture into its components by partial vaporization and condensation, exploiting differences in volatility or boiling point.
Distilled water
Distilled water is water purified by boiling it into vapor and condensing the vapor back to liquid, leaving dissolved salts, minerals, and most contaminants behind.
Distillers corn oil
Distillers corn oil (DCO) is corn oil recovered after fermentation in dry-mill ethanol plants, unfit for food use without refining and used for livestock feed and biodiesel.
Distortion
Distortion in telecommunications and electronics is any alteration of a signal's waveform by a system or channel, producing harmonics, intermodulation products, or multipath effects that the input did not have.
Distracted driving
Distracted driving is operating a vehicle while attention is diverted by secondary activities such as texting, eating, or phone calls, killing 3,208 people in the US in 2024.
Distress signal
A distress signal, also known as a distress call, is an internationally recognized means of calling for help, defined by COLREGS Annex IV and including "Mayday" and SOS.
Distributed AI Research Institute
The Distributed AI Research Institute (DAIR) is an independent, globally distributed nonprofit AI research institute founded by Timnit Gebru in December 2021 to study the harms of AI systems, free from big tech funding.
Distributed antenna system
A distributed antenna system (DAS) is a network of separate antenna nodes connected to a common signal source, providing wireless service within a building or area.
Distributed beamforming
Distributed beamforming is a cooperative communication technique in which separated radio transmitters align their signal phases so transmissions combine constructively, acting as one phased array.
Distributed channel allocation
Distributed channel allocation is the assignment of radio frequency channels to wireless transmitters by the nodes themselves, without a central controller, trading optimality for scalability.
Distributed channel estimation
Distributed channel estimation estimates wireless channel state information in networks of geographically separated nodes, such as relay and sensor networks, where destinations learn cascaded channels.
Distributed compressive sensing
Distributed compressive sensing, also called distributed compressed sensing, is an extension of compressed sensing to signal ensembles acquired by multiple sensors, jointly reconstructing them by exploiting inter-signal correlation.
Distributed computing
Distributed computing is a system in which components on networked computers communicate and coordinate by passing messages, letting independent nodes share work and cooperate toward a common result.
Distributed constraint optimization
Distributed constraint optimization (DCOP) is a framework for multi-agent cooperation where agents control parts of a problem's variables and communicate by message passing to optimize a global objective.
Distributed control system
A distributed control system (DCS) is a computerized industrial control system with control distributed among plant controllers, used in oil refining, chemical, power, and water industries since 1975.
Distributed coordination function
The distributed coordination function (DCF) is the mandatory 802.11 Wi-Fi access method, using CSMA/CA with binary exponential backoff, plus an optional RTS/CTS handshake to avoid collisions.
Distributed detection in sensor networks
Distributed detection in sensor networks is an architecture in which each sensor makes a local decision and a fusion center combines them, saving energy and bandwidth.
Distributed estimation in wireless sensor networks
Distributed estimation in wireless sensor networks is the cooperative estimation of a parameter or system state by sensor nodes sharing information with neighbors, without a central unit.
Distributed federated learning over wireless
Distributed federated learning over wireless trains a shared machine learning model across edge devices, with over-the-air (OTA) aggregation letting many devices transmit simultaneously on the same spectrum.
Distributed feedback laser
A distributed feedback (DFB) laser uses a built-in Bragg grating instead of end mirrors to oscillate on a single wavelength, mostly in optical fiber communication.
Distributed File System (Microsoft)
Distributed File System (DFS) is a Microsoft Windows Server feature that organizes shared folders across multiple servers into a single logical namespace and keeps folder copies synchronized between servers.
Distributed generation
Distributed generation, also known as distributed or decentralized energy, is the production of electricity at or near the point of use, including rooftop solar and small wind.
Distributed hash table
A distributed hash table (DHT) is a distributed system storing key-value pairs across peer nodes, where any node can efficiently retrieve the value for a given key.
Distributed ledger
A distributed ledger, also known as decentralized ledger technology (DLT), is a transaction record replicated across a network of computers and updated by consensus, not a central administrator.
Distributed manufacturing
Distributed manufacturing is a production model in which geographically separated production units work together instead of one centralized factory, allocating work to whichever node best fits constraints.
Distributed model predictive control
Distributed model predictive control (DMPC) is a control architecture in which multiple local MPC controllers coordinate through communication, achieving performance close to centralized MPC for large-scale systems like microgrids.