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Electron-multiplying CCD
An electron-multiplying CCD, or EMCCD, is a charge-coupled device image sensor whose on-chip gain register cuts effective read noise below one electron, enabling single-photon detection.
Electronic benefit transfer
Electronic benefit transfer (EBT) is an electronic system for transferring government benefits to retailers, used in the United States for SNAP food benefits, replacing paper food stamps.
Electronic business
Electronic business (e-business), also called online business, is the conduct of business processes over computer networks, a broader term than e-commerce, coined by IBM in the late 1990s.
Electronic circuit
An electronic circuit is a closed loop of interconnected components, from a battery and lamp to integrated circuits with billions of transistors, that amplifies, computes, or transfers power.
Electronic color code
The electronic color code, often called the resistor color code, is a system of colored bands on resistors encoding value, tolerance, and temperature coefficient, standardized in IEC 60062.
Electronic Communications Privacy Act
The Electronic Communications Privacy Act, a 1986 US federal statute, extended the 1968 Wiretap Act to email and created the Stored Communications Act, including its 180-day rule for email.
Electronic component
An electronic component, also called an electrical component, is a basic circuit element such as a resistor, capacitor, diode, or transistor, classified as passive, active, or interface.
Electronic Components and Technology Conference
The Electronic Components and Technology Conference (ECTC) is an annual IEEE conference covering electronic packaging, components, and microelectronic systems, sponsored by the IEEE Electronics Packaging Society.
Electronic control unit
An electronic control unit (ECU), also called an electronic control module, is an embedded computer in a motor vehicle that reads sensors and commands actuators; modern cars carry over 100.
Electronic countermeasure
An electronic countermeasure (ECM) is an action taken against an enemy's use of the electromagnetic spectrum, typically by jamming or deceiving its radar and communications.
Electronic countermeasures
Electronic countermeasures (ECM) are actions, typically jamming or chaff and decoys, that degrade an enemy's radar, communications, and sensors; they originated against radar-directed air defenses in World War II.
Electronic data interchange
Electronic data interchange (EDI) is the structured computer-to-computer transmission of commercial or administrative transaction data between trading partners in an agreed standard, without human intervention; its best-known standard is UN/EDIFACT.
Electronic Data Systems
Electronic Data Systems (EDS) was an American IT services company founded by Ross Perot in 1962 that pioneered IT outsourcing, and was acquired by Hewlett-Packard in 2008.
Electronic design automation
Electronic design automation (EDA), also known as electronic computer-aided design, is specialized software that turns chip specifications into manufacturable layouts, an industry led by Synopsys, Cadence, and Siemens EDA.
Electronic dispersion compensation
Electronic dispersion compensation (EDC) corrects optical fiber impairments, chiefly chromatic and polarization-mode dispersion, using electronic signal processing at the transmitter or receiver, from analog equalizers to the digital filters in every modern coherent receiver.
Electronic distance measurement
Electronic distance measurement (EDM) determines the distance between two survey points from an electromagnetic wave, usually light or microwaves, propagated between them. Introduced commercially in 1950, it replaced taping and became standard in total stations.
Electronic engineering
Electronic engineering, also known as electronics and communication engineering, is the branch of engineering that designs and tests electronic components, circuits, and systems such as radar and communications equipment.
Electronic expansion valve
An electronic expansion valve is an electrically actuated device that meters refrigerant into an evaporator, replacing the mechanical thermostatic expansion valve with sensor-based control that holds evaporator superheat at its efficient optimum.
Electronic filter
An electronic filter is a circuit that separates a wanted band of frequencies from unwanted ones, implemented passively, actively, or digitally for uses from radio receivers to digitization.
Electronic flight bag
An electronic flight bag (EFB) is a tablet or installed display flight crews use instead of paper manuals, charts, and checklists, hosting applications for calculations and real-time data.
Electronic flight instrument system
An electronic flight instrument system (EFIS) is the suite of electronic cockpit displays, typically a primary flight display and navigation display, that replaced electromechanical instruments; the Boeing 757 entered service with one in 1983.
Electronic Frontier Foundation
The Electronic Frontier Foundation is a donor-funded nonprofit in San Francisco, founded in 1990 by Mitch Kapor and John Perry Barlow, defending digital privacy and free speech.
Electronic interlocking
An electronic interlocking, known in Germany as the Elektronisches Stellwerk (ESTW), is a computerised signaling system that sets switches and signals so train movements are only authorized when safety conditions are met.
Electronic logging device
An electronic logging device (ELD) synchronizes with a commercial vehicle's engine to automatically record driving time and hours of service, replacing paper logs for most US interstate drivers since 2017.
Electronic media
Electronic media are communication media that encode, store, or transmit messages using electronic technology, as opposed to print, covering broadcasting, recorded audio and video, telephony, and internet-based services.
Electronic musical instrument
An electronic musical instrument produces or shapes sound using electric or electronic circuitry, ranging from electromechanical instruments like the Hammond organ to fully electronic ones like the theremin and synthesizer.
Electronic oscillator
An electronic oscillator is a circuit that generates a repeating signal, using an amplifier with frequency-selective feedback; common designs include Hartley, Colpitts, Pierce, Wien bridge, ring, and LC oscillators.
Electronic paper
Electronic paper, also known as e-paper, is a reflective display technology that mimics ink on paper, best known through Amazon Kindles and electronic shelf labels.
Electronic parking brake
An electronic parking brake (EPB) is a parking brake controlled electrically, typically by a switch, replacing the hand lever on most new cars since the 2010s.
Electronic program guide
An electronic program guide, also called an electronic service guide, is an on-screen menu listing television channels' current and upcoming programs with titles, start times, and durations.