edgepedia

Technology and the built world

61,984 articles

Grain power station

Grain power station is a 1,275 MW gas-fired power station on the Isle of Grain in Kent, England, opened in 2011 on the site of a former oil-fired station.

Grain size analysis

Grain size analysis measures the size of crystalline grains in polycrystalline materials, typically from polished sections imaged by microscopy or EBSD, and matters because grain size controls strength through the Hall–Petch relationship.

Grain-boundary passivation in perovskite films

Grain-boundary passivation in perovskite films is the chemical treatment of crystal interfaces in a perovskite layer to neutralize defect states, reducing recombination and slowing degradation.

Gram–Schmidt process

The Gram–Schmidt process, also called Gram–Schmidt orthogonalization, is an algorithm that turns a linearly independent set of vectors into an orthonormal one spanning the same subspace.

Grameenphone (গ্রামীণফোন)

Grameenphone (গ্রামীণফোন) is Bangladesh's largest mobile network operator, a joint venture of Norway's Telenor and Grameen Telecom that launched in 1997 and serves over 80 million subscribers.

Grammar checker

A grammar checker is a program that detects and suggests corrections for grammatical, spelling, and word choice errors, embedded in word processors and used widely in education.

Grammar induction

Grammar induction, also called grammatical inference or grammar inference, is the process of learning a formal grammar from example data such as sentences instead of hand-written rules.

Grammar-constrained decoding

Grammar-constrained decoding is an inference-time technique for language models that masks invalid tokens at each step, so output matches a grammar, regular expression, or JSON Schema by construction.

Grammarly

Grammarly is a commercial English writing assistant that checks grammar, spelling, punctuation, tone, and plagiarism, founded in 2009 by Max Lytvyn, Alex Shevchenko, and Dmytro Lider.

Grammatical error correction

Grammatical error correction (GEC) is the task of automatically detecting and correcting grammatical, orthographic, and semantic errors in text, progressing from rule-based methods to neural machine translation.

Grammatical evolution

Grammatical evolution is an evolutionary algorithm introduced in 1998 by Ryan, Collins, and O'Neill at the University of Limerick, which evolves programs in arbitrary languages using BNF grammars.

Gramophone Company

The Gramophone Company, briefly the Gramophone & Typewriter Company, was a British record company founded in 1897; it became EMI through a 1931 merger with Columbia.

Gran Canaria Airport

Gran Canaria Airport, also known as Gando Airport or Aeropuerto de Gran Canaria, is the main airport of Gran Canaria in Spain's Canary Islands, opened in 1930.

Gran Tierra Energy Inc

Gran Tierra Energy Inc is an independent oil and gas exploration and production company headquartered in Calgary, with producing assets in Colombia, Canada, and Ecuador.

Gran Turismo Sophy

Gran Turismo Sophy (GT Sophy) is a deep reinforcement learning racing agent developed by Sony AI, first released in Gran Turismo 7 on PlayStation 5 in 2023.

GranBio

GranBio is a Brazilian biotechnology company founded in 2011 by the Gradin family; in 2014 it opened BioFlex 1 in Alagoas, presented as the Southern Hemisphere's first commercial-scale cellulosic ethanol plant.

Grand Bazaar, Istanbul

The Grand Bazaar (Kapalıçarşı) is a historic covered market in Istanbul, founded in 1461 by Sultan Mehmed II and one of the world's largest covered marketplaces.

Grand Bridge

Grand Bridge (Vanburgh Bridge) is Sir John Vanbrugh's unfinished c.1706-1712 Grade I listed habitable limestone bridge at Blenheim Palace, Oxfordshire, spanning the River Glyme and Capability Brown's lake, with over 30 rooms and a 30 m central arch.

Grand Canal builders of China

The Grand Canal builders of China were the conscripted laborers and officials who dug and ran the world's largest pre-industrial canal, from the fifth century BC to the Qing.

Grand Canyon Skywalk

The Grand Canyon Skywalk is a horseshoe-shaped, glass-bottomed cantilever bridge at Eagle Point in Grand Canyon West on Hualapai tribal land in Arizona, opened in 2007 and managed by the Hualapai Tribe.

Grand Central Terminal

Grand Central Terminal, also known as Grand Central Station, is a commuter rail terminal at 42nd Street and Park Avenue in Midtown Manhattan, opened in 1913.

Grand Coulee Dam

Grand Coulee Dam is a concrete dam on the Columbia River in central Washington, the largest hydropower producer in the United States at more than 6,809 megawatts.

Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam

The Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD), also called the Millennium Dam, is a hydropower dam on the Blue Nile in Ethiopia, inaugurated in 2025 as Africa's largest hydroelectric facility.

Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam dispute

The Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam dispute is the unresolved disagreement among Ethiopia, Egypt, and Sudan over filling and operating Ethiopia's dam on the Blue Nile, built starting in 2011.

Grand Farm

Grand Farm is a Fargo, North Dakota-based non-profit initiative, a subsidiary of Emerging Prairie, operating a 590-acre innovation campus near Casselton for testing autonomous and precision agriculture technologies.

Grand Gulf nuclear power plant

Grand Gulf Nuclear Station is a boiling water reactor power plant in Port Gibson, Mississippi, operating since 1985 and the largest single-unit nuclear plant in the United States.

Grand Hotel Villa Serbelloni

Grand Hotel Villa Serbelloni is a five-star luxury hotel in Bellagio on Lake Como, Italy, opened as a hotel in 1873 and owned by the Bucher family since 1918.

Grand Inga Dam

The Grand Inga Dam is a proposed hydropower complex at Inga Falls on the Congo River in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, planned at about 39,000 MW.

Grand Kremlin Palace (Большой Кремлёвский дворец)

The Grand Kremlin Palace, also known as the Great Kremlin Palace, is a 19th-century imperial palace in the Moscow Kremlin, built 1838–1850 under Emperor Nicholas I and now the Russian president's residence.

Grand Maison hydroelectric plant

Grand'Maison is a pumped-storage hydroelectric plant in the French Alps, operated by EDF and, at 1,800 MW, France's most powerful plant and Europe's largest pumped-storage station.