edgepedia

Technology and the built world

61,984 articles

ImageMagick

ImageMagick is a free, open-source suite of command-line tools and C libraries for creating, editing, composing, and converting bitmap images in over 90 formats, first released in 1990 after development at DuPont.

Imagen (text-to-image model)

Imagen, also known as Google Imagen, is a family of text-to-image diffusion models developed by Google and first presented in May 2022, which turn written descriptions into photorealistic images.

Imagen 3

Imagen 3 is a latent-diffusion text-to-image model released by Google in 2024, the third Imagen generation, behind image generation in ImageFX and Gemini during 2024 and 2025.

Imagen 4

Imagen 4 is a proprietary text-to-image latent diffusion model released by Google in May 2025, with improved spelling and typography as its headline advance over Imagen 3.

Imagen Video

Imagen Video was a text-to-video AI system announced by Google Research in October 2022, generating short high-definition clips from written prompts through a cascade of seven diffusion models.

ImageNet

ImageNet is a large image database of over 14 million images organized by the WordNet hierarchy, whose annual ILSVRC competition drove the advances in deep learning of the 2010s.

ImageReward

ImageReward is a human-preference reward model and automatic metric for text-to-image generation, published at NeurIPS 2023 and trained on roughly 137,000 pairs of expert comparisons of generated images.

Imagination Technologies

Imagination Technologies, formerly VideoLogic and also known as ImgTec, is a semiconductor company founded in 1985 that licenses its PowerVR GPU designs, shipped in billions of devices, to chipmakers.

Imagine with Meta AI

Imagine with Meta AI is Meta's free text-to-image generator, launched as a standalone US website in December 2023, built on the Emu model, and rebranded as Muse Image in 2026.

Imaging infrared seeker

An imaging infrared seeker is a missile guidance sensor forming a two-dimensional thermal image via a focal plane array, letting it distinguish aircraft from flares and decoys.

Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer

The Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer (IXPE) is a NASA space observatory, launched in December 2021 with the Italian Space Agency, that measures X-ray polarization from black holes, neutron stars, and pulsars.

Imam Khomeini International Airport

Imam Khomeini International Airport, also known as Imam Khomeini Airport, is Iran's main international airport serving Tehran, built to replace Mehrabad and inaugurated in 2004 after a year-long closure.

Imam Reza Shrine

The Imam Reza Shrine is the religious complex around the tomb of Ali al-Reza, the eighth Shia imam, in Mashhad, Iran, drawing about 20 million pilgrims a year.

IMAP (spacecraft)

IMAP (Interstellar Mapping and Acceleration Probe) is a NASA heliophysics observatory that launched in 2025 and orbits the Sun-Earth L1 point, mapping the heliosphere's boundary and providing early warning of harmful space radiation.

Imation

Imation Corp. was an American data storage company formed in 1996 as a spin-off of 3M, selling removable media under the Imation, Memorex, and TDK Life on Record brands.

IMAX Sydney

IMAX Sydney, formerly known as the LG IMAX Theatre, is a large-format cinema at Darling Harbour in Sydney, Australia, reopened in 2023 with one of the world's largest screens.

IMDb

IMDb, the Internet Movie Database, is an online database of films, television series, and video games, founded by Col Needham in 1990 and owned by Amazon.

IMDb country and regional sub-sites

IMDb country and regional sub-sites do not exist as separate national sites; IMDb localizes its single global website through country preferences, alternate titles, per-country release dates, and, since 2023, machine-translated languages.

Imerys

Imerys is a Paris-based French multinational that mines and transforms industrial minerals such as kaolin, talc, and graphite, operating in 46 countries with 2023 revenue of €3.8 billion.

IMessage

iMessage is Apple's instant messaging service, built into the Messages app on Apple devices and secured with end-to-end encryption since its 2011 launch with iOS 5.

IMEWE

IMEWE (India-Middle East-Western Europe) is a fiber-optic submarine cable running from Mumbai to Marseille through the Middle East, built by a nine-carrier consortium and opened in December 2010.

Img2img

Img2img is an image generation technique in which a diffusion model starts from an existing image, preserving its layout while a text prompt steers the content.

Imgur

Imgur.com is an online image hosting and sharing service founded by Alan Schaaf in 2009, which grew from a Reddit image host into a community entertainment site.

Imhoff tank

The Imhoff tank, patented as the Emscherbrunnen in 1906, is a two-story wastewater treatment tank that settles sewage in an upper compartment and digests the sludge anaerobically below.

IMI Galil

The IMI Galil, also called the Galil rifle, is a 5.56 mm NATO assault rifle designed by Yisrael Galili and Yakov Lior, adopted by Israel's IDF in 1972.

Imilorskoye Oil Field

The Imilorskoye oil field, formally the A. Usoltsev Field since 2022, is a large oil field in western Siberia operated by LUKOIL, with recoverable reserves of more than 100 million tonnes.

Imitation from Observation

Imitation from observation (IfO) is a machine learning problem where an agent learns a task by watching an expert's states, such as video frames, without access to the expert's actions.

Imitation learning

Imitation learning trains an agent from expert demonstrations by learning a mapping between observations and actions, without a hand-specified reward function, and is widely used in robotics and games.

Immersed tube

An immersed tube, also called an immersed tunnel, is a subaqueous tunnel of prefabricated elements floated out, sunk into a dredged trench, and joined underwater.

Immersed tube tunnel

An immersed tube tunnel is an underwater tunnel built by sinking prefabricated tube elements into a trench and joining them underwater, first used in Boston Harbor in 1893.