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Interstitial doping in high-entropy alloys
Interstitial doping in high-entropy alloys is the deliberate addition of small atoms like carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen into lattice gaps, strengthening these multi-principal-element metals while largely preserving ductility.
Interstory drift
Interstory drift is the lateral displacement of one building floor relative to the floor below under seismic loads, expressed as a drift ratio and limited by seismic design codes.
Intertek
Intertek Group plc is a British testing, inspection, and certification company headquartered in London, operating over 1,000 laboratories and offices in more than 100 countries since 1885.
Interval graph
An interval graph is the intersection graph of a family of intervals on the real line, first studied by Hajós in 1957, with applications in scheduling and molecular biology.
Interval observer
An interval observer is a state-estimation method in control engineering that computes guaranteed upper and lower bounds on unmeasured system states when uncertainties are unknown but bounded.
Interval optimization
Interval optimization is a family of numerical methods that represent uncertain quantities as intervals and use interval arithmetic to compute guaranteed, rigorously correct bounds on a function's global optimum.
Intervention AUV
An intervention AUV, or I-AUV, is an autonomous underwater vehicle with one or two manipulator arms for underwater tasks such as valve turning, without a tether to a support ship.
Interwar aviation accidents and the evolution of air safety
Interwar aviation accidents were the crashes and record-attempt losses of 1919 to 1939, whose investigations built licensing, independent safety boards, and standardized equipment, transforming air safety.
Interweave cognitive radio
Interweave cognitive radio, also known as opportunistic spectrum access, is a spectrum-sharing approach in which unlicensed secondary users find and transmit in spectrum holes that licensed primary users are not using.
Interwoven
Interwoven, Inc. was an American enterprise content management software company headquartered in Sunnyvale, California, best known for its TeamSite web content management product, acquired by Autonomy in 2009.
Interxion
Interxion, formally InterXion Holding N.V., was a European carrier- and cloud-neutral colocation data center provider founded in 1998 and headquartered in Amsterdam, acquired by Digital Realty in 2020.
Intesar-Brega Gas Pipeline
The Intesar-Brega Gas Pipeline (خط غاز الإنتصار 103 أ) is a 207-mile Libyan gas pipeline from the Intesar 103A field to Brega, operated by Zueitina Oil Company.
Intisar-Zueitina Oil Pipeline
The Intisar-Zueitina Oil Pipeline is a crude oil pipeline in Libya running from the Intisar oilfield in the Sirte Basin to the Zueitina terminal on the Gulf of Sidra.
InTouch Health RP-7
The InTouch Health RP-7 is a mobile robotic telepresence system released in 2007, letting a remote physician see, hear, and examine hospital patients, mainly for intensive care telerounding.
Intoxilyzer
The Intoxilyzer is a brand of breath alcohol testing instruments made by CMI, Inc. of Owensboro, Kentucky, used by law enforcement to measure breath alcohol concentration in drivers.
Intracoastal Waterway
The Intracoastal Waterway (ICW) is a system of protected inshore channels along the Atlantic and Gulf coasts of the United States, from New Jersey to Texas.
Intralinks
Intralinks, now part of SS&C Technologies, is a fintech company that pioneered the virtual data room in 1997 for secure document exchange in M&A deals.
Intranet
An intranet, or internal network, is a private computer network based on Internet technology that organizations use to share information among employees, protected by firewalls and typically accessed via LAN or VPN.
Intraocular lens
An intraocular lens (IOL), also called an intraocular implant, is an artificial lens implanted in the eye to replace the natural lens after cataract removal.
Intrinsic image decomposition
Intrinsic image decomposition is a computer vision method that separates a photograph into a reflectance layer and a shading layer, rooted in Retinex theory and used for segmentation, recoloring, and relighting.
Intrinsic motivation and curiosity-driven exploration
Intrinsic motivation and curiosity-driven exploration are reinforcement learning techniques where an agent generates internal rewards from prediction error, novelty, or learning progress to explore sparse-reward environments.
Intrinsic viscosity
Intrinsic viscosity, also known as the Staudinger index, is a measure of the hydrodynamic volume of a polymer chain in dilute solution, used to determine molecular weight.
Introduction to Algorithms
An overview of algorithms in computer science, sequences of defined steps for solving problems, covering their history from Euclid and al-Khwarizmi, design paradigms, correctness proofs, and Big-O analysis.
Introversion Software
Introversion Software is a British independent video game developer and publisher founded in 2001 by four Imperial College London students, best known for Prison Architect, Uplink, and DEFCON.
Intrusion Countermeasures Electronics
Intrusion Countermeasures Electronics (ICE) is fictional cyberpunk security software coined by Tom Maddox and popularized by William Gibson, whose lethal black ice can kill intruding hackers.
Intrusion detection system
An intrusion detection system (IDS) is software or hardware that monitors network or host activity for unauthorized access and raises alerts, based on NIST definitions.
Intrusion prevention system
An intrusion prevention system (IPS) is a security technology that monitors network or host activity for attacks and attempts to stop them, unlike an IDS, which only alerts.
Intuit
Intuit Inc. is an American financial technology company founded in 1983 and headquartered in Mountain View, California, whose products include TurboTax, QuickBooks, Credit Karma, Mailchimp, and Quicken.
Intuit Dome
Intuit Dome, formerly the Inglewood Basketball and Entertainment Center, is an arena in Inglewood, California, opened in 2024 as the privately financed $2 billion home of the Los Angeles Clippers.
Intuitionistic fuzzy sets
Intuitionistic fuzzy sets, introduced by Bulgarian mathematician Krassimir T. Atanassov in 1983, generalize Zadeh's fuzzy sets with independent membership and non-membership degrees and are widely used in decision making.