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Intuitive EndoWrist instruments
Intuitive EndoWrist instruments are wristed surgical instruments made by Intuitive Surgical for the da Vinci Surgical System, reproducing a human wrist's range of motion inside the body.
Intuitive Machines
Intuitive Machines is an American space exploration company founded in Houston, Texas in 2013, best known for landing Odysseus on the Moon in 2024, the first commercial lunar landing.
Intuitive Surgical
Intuitive Surgical is a Sunnyvale, California medical-device company founded in 1995 that dominates soft-tissue robotic surgery, with over 11,000 da Vinci systems installed and 20 million procedures performed.
Inuktun Crawler
The Inuktun Crawler is a tethered, teleoperated tracked robot made by Inuktun Services Ltd. of Nanaimo, British Columbia, that inspects pipes, tanks, ship hulls, and other hazardous spaces.
Invar
Invar, an iron–nickel alloy containing about 36 percent nickel, keeps its dimensions nearly constant with temperature, a property that earned Guillaume the 1920 Nobel Prize in Physics.
Invariant extended Kalman filter
The invariant extended Kalman filter (InEKF) is a Kalman filter variant for systems whose states lie on a Lie group, introduced by Silvère Bonnabel in 2007.
Invariant learning
Invariant learning is a family of machine learning methods that trains predictors using only features whose relationship to the label is stable across training environments, aiming to generalize to unseen environments where spurious correlations break down.
Invariant risk minimization
Invariant risk minimization (IRM) is a machine learning method proposed in 2019 that seeks predictors relying on features stable across environments rather than spurious correlations.
Invenergy
Invenergy is a privately held American energy company headquartered in Chicago, founded by Michael Polsky in 2001, describing itself as North America's largest privately held independent power producer.
InvenSense MPU-6050
The InvenSense MPU-6050 is a six-axis inertial measurement unit combining a three-axis MEMS gyroscope and accelerometer on one chip, the standard motion sensor of hobby robotics projects.
InvenSense MPU-9250
The InvenSense MPU-9250 is a nine-axis MotionTracking inertial measurement unit combining a three-axis gyroscope, accelerometer, and magnetometer in one chip, widely used in drones, robotics, and hobby electronics and later replaced by the ICM-20948.
Invensys
Invensys, also known as Invensys plc, was a British industrial automation and engineering company formed in 1999 by the merger of BTR and Siebe, and acquired by Schneider Electric in 2014 for £3.4 billion.
Invention
Invention, also called technological invention, is the creation of a new technology, device, process, or method, the first phase of technological change and the subject of patents.
Invention of radio
The invention of radio was a forty-year sequence: Maxwell predicted electromagnetic waves, Hertz demonstrated them, Marconi sent signals across the Atlantic, and Fessenden transmitted the human voice.
Invention of the electrical telegraph
The electrical telegraph was invented independently in the 1830s by Gauss and Weber in Germany, Cooke and Wheatstone in Britain, and Samuel Morse in the United States.
Invention of the telephone
The invention of the telephone in the 1870s is credited to Alexander Graham Bell, whose patent was issued in 1876, though rival claimants like Elisha Gray and Antonio Meucci contended for credit.
Inveraray Castle
Inveraray Castle, seat of the Dukes of Argyll and Clan Campbell on Loch Fyne, Scotland: Gothic Revival house begun 1744–46 by Roger Morris and the Adams, completed by Robert Mylne, rebuilt by Salvin after the 1877 fire, Category A listed visitor attraction.
Inverse design
Inverse design is an engineering method that computes a device's structure directly from a specified desired performance, rather than revising a predefined design by hand, and is used in photonics, metamaterials, and structural mechanics.
Inverse dynamics
Inverse dynamics is a method in robotics and biomechanics that computes the joint torques and forces required to produce a given motion, the algebraic inverse of forward dynamics.
Inverse filter
The inverse filter is a deconvolution method that recovers an original signal or image by dividing by the known blur's transfer function in the frequency domain.
Inverse finite element method
The inverse finite element method (iFEM) is a computational technique that reconstructs a structure's full deformed shape from sparse surface strain measurements, requiring no knowledge of applied loads or material properties.
Inverse kinematics
Inverse kinematics (IK) computes the joint angles of a robot arm or animated character that place its end effector at a desired position and orientation.
Inverse Matrix Technology (逆矩阵科技)
Inverse Matrix Technology (逆矩阵科技), also branded Physis, is a Chinese world-model AI startup founded in Beijing in 2026 by Peking University researchers Chen Boyuan and Ji Jiaming.
Inverse optimization
Inverse optimization is a method that infers the objective function, and sometimes constraints, of an optimization model from observed decisions assumed to be optimal, reversing traditional optimization.
Inverse protein folding
Inverse protein folding is the computational task of finding amino acid sequences that fold into a given three-dimensional protein backbone, the sequence-design step of de novo protein design.
Inverse reinforcement learning
Inverse reinforcement learning (IRL) is a machine learning method that infers the reward function an agent is optimizing from observed behavior, first formalized by Ng and Russell in 2000.
Inverse synthetic-aperture radar imaging
Inverse synthetic-aperture radar (ISAR) imaging is a signal processing technique that forms high-resolution images of moving targets, using the target's own motion to synthesize the radar aperture.
Inverse-designed mechanical metamaterials
Inverse-designed mechanical metamaterials are artificial structures whose geometry is found by working backward from a prescribed property, such as a stress-strain curve or band gap.
Inverse-vulcanized sulfur polymers
Inverse-vulcanized sulfur polymers are crosslinked, high-sulfur materials made by copolymerizing molten elemental sulfur with unsaturated organic monomers, used in lithium–sulfur batteries, optical devices, and mercury removal from water.
Inversion of control
Inversion of control, also known as the Hollywood Principle, is a software design concept where a framework, rather than the application, controls the timing of calls.