All articles starting with B
27,400 articles
Bioorthogonal RNA labeling
Bioorthogonal RNA labeling is a set of chemical-biology methods that tag RNA inside living cells with reactions that ignore native cellular chemistry, enabling imaging, enrichment, and sequencing of transcripts.
Biopanning
Biopanning is an iterative affinity-selection technique in which phage display libraries are repeatedly screened against a target molecule to enrich rare clones displaying high-affinity binders, a core method in antibody discovery.
Bioparc València
Bioparc València (Bioparc Valencia) is a zoo in Valencia, Spain, opened February 2008, replacing the Viveros Zoo. Known for zoo-immersion design without visible barriers, ~1,000 animals of 150 African species, EAZA breeding programs, and a planned Silk Road expansion.
Biopesticide
Biopesticides are pesticides derived from natural materials such as plants, bacteria, fungi, and minerals, including biochemical, microbial, and plant-incorporated protectant types; EPA had 390 registered active ingredients by 2020.
Biopharma Credit Investments
BioPharma Credit Investments is a family of private funds, principally BioPharma Credit Investments V (Master) LP, making senior secured and royalty-backed loans to life-sciences companies, managed by Pharmakon Advisors in New York.
Biopharmaceutical
Biopharmaceutical (biologic): a drug made in living cells, spanning monoclonal antibodies, recombinant proteins, vaccines, and cell and gene therapies; distinct from small-molecule chemistry, with biosimilars, cold-chain needs, and a market near $452–530 billion.
Biopharmaceutical facility design
Biopharmaceutical facility design is the engineering of manufacturing plants for biologics such as monoclonal antibodies and vaccines, covering cleanroom classification, layout and flow, HVAC, and costs, shaped by EU GMP Annex 1.
Biopharmaceutics Classification System
The Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS), introduced by Gordon Amidon and colleagues in 1995, sorts drugs into four classes by solubility and permeability, and the FDA adopted it in 2000 to waive bioequivalence testing.
Biophilia (album)
Biophilia (2011) is Björk's eighth studio album, released via Nonesuch/One Little Indian as the first album issued as a suite of ten interactive iPad/iPhone apps, with custom instruments, a Grammy for Best Recording Package, and MoMA acquisition.
Biophilic design
Biophilic design is an approach to architecture and interior design that incorporates natural elements, natural materials, and spatial qualities of natural environments into buildings to advance occupants' health and wellbeing.
Biophotolysis
Biophotolysis is the production of hydrogen gas by splitting water with sunlight using photoautotrophic microorganisms such as green microalgae and cyanobacteria, in direct and indirect variants.
Biophysical chemistry
Biophysical chemistry: quantitative, molecular-level study of biological systems using physical chemistry tools (thermodynamics, kinetics, spectroscopy, X-ray, NMR, SPR, ITC), distinct from biochemistry and central to drug discovery.
Biophysical profile
The biophysical profile, or fetal biophysical profile, is a prenatal surveillance test combining ultrasound with a nonstress test, scoring five fetal variables for a total of 0 to 10.
Biophysics
Biophysics, also called biological physics, is the field that applies the theories and methods of physics to biological systems at every scale, and produced the 1953 structure of DNA and medical imaging such as MRI.
Biopiracy
Biopiracy: misappropriation of genetic resources and traditional knowledge without consent or compensation, often via patents. Also called unauthorised access. Key cases: turmeric, neem; frameworks: CBD, Nagoya Protocol, Cali Fund.
Bioplastic
A bioplastic is a plastic that is biobased from biomass such as corn, sugarcane, or cellulose, biodegradable, or both, with global production capacity of 2.31 million tonnes in 2025.
BIOPOLIO
BIOPOLIO: WHO-prequalified oral polio vaccines (trivalent OPV and bivalent BIOPOLIO B1/3, Sabin types 1 and 3) made by Bharat Biotech, India, from Bio Farma bulk; 20-dose vials, stored at -20°C.
BIOPOLIO B1/3
BIOPOLIO B1/3 is Bharat Biotech's WHO-prequalified bivalent oral polio vaccine (Sabin types 1 and 3), filled from Bio Farma bulks, 6.0/5.8 CCID50 per 0.1 mL dose, stored at -20°C, prequalified 25 August 2017.
Biopolymer transport protein ExbD/TolR
Biopolymer transport protein ExbD/TolR (Pfam PF02472) is a bacterial inner-membrane protein family of ExbD and TolR, periplasm-facing subunits of the pmf-driven TonB-ExbB-ExbD and TolQ-TolR motors that energize outer membrane iron-siderophore, cobalamin, and colicin uptake, with a conserved transmembrane aspartate in the proton pathway and a 5:2 stoichiometry with ExbB/TolQ.
Biopolymers
A biopolymer, or natural polymer, is a macromolecule produced by living organisms, including proteins, nucleic acids, and polysaccharides; materials science extends the term to bio-based or biodegradable polymers.
Biopower
Biopower is a concept coined by Michel Foucault to describe power over human life, acting on individual bodies and populations, in contrast to the sovereign right to kill.
Biopreparat
Biopreparat (Russian: Биопрепарат) was a Soviet state agency created in 1973 to secretly develop and produce biological weapons behind a cover of civilian biotechnology, in violation of the 1972 Biological Weapons Convention.
Bioprospecting
Bioprospecting: the search for enzymes, bioactive compounds, and genetic resources in nature for commercial products, governed by the Nagoya Protocol and, for digital sequence information, the CBD's Cali Fund.
Bioprosthesis
Bioprosthesis: an implant, usually a heart valve, made of biological tissue (porcine, bovine pericardial, homograft) stabilized with glutaraldehyde; avoids lifelong anticoagulation but degenerates, needing reoperation more often than mechanical valves.
BiopSense
BiopSense is a Finnish diagnostics company founded in 2019 in Jyväskylä as a University of Jyväskylä spin-out, developing automated disposable cartridges for extracting cell-free DNA from blood for liquid-biopsy cancer testing.
Biopsy
Biopsy: removal of body cells or tissue (incisional, excisional, needle, core) for pathologist examination, the definitive test for cancer; complemented by minimally invasive liquid biopsy of blood or urine for tumor DNA analysis.
Biopsychosocial model
The biopsychosocial model (BPSM), proposed by George Engel in 1977, treats disease as the outcome of interactions among biological, psychological, and social factors, as an alternative to the reductionist biomedical model; widely adopted yet criticized as vague.
Biopterin
Biopterin is a naturally occurring pteridine compound best known through its reduced form, tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4), an essential cofactor for amino acid hydroxylases, nitric oxide synthase, and dopamine and serotonin synthesis.
BioRay Biopharm (浙江博锐生物制药股份有限公司)
BioRay Biopharm (Zhejiang BioRay Biopharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) is a Chinese biopharmaceutical company in Taizhou, Zhejiang, known for autoimmune biologics including zuberitamab and a 2026 Hong Kong listing application that lapsed.
BioRay Pharmaceutical (博锐生物)
BioRay Pharmaceutical (博锐生物), also known as BioRay Biopharmaceutical Co., Ltd., is a Chinese biologics company in Taizhou, Zhejiang, developing monoclonal antibodies for autoimmune and inflammatory diseases; it filed for a Hong Kong IPO in 2026.