All articles starting with E

Electrodermal activity

Electrodermal activity (EDA), formerly galvanic skin response, is the measurable electrical conductance of the skin, driven by sweat gland activity and used in polygraph and psychophysiological research since 1879.

Oct 21, 2026

Electrodiagnosis

Electrodiagnosis (EDX medicine) evaluates nerve, muscle, and neuromuscular junction disorders via nerve conduction studies and needle EMG; distinct from EEG and ECG, it grew from Galvani's frog experiments and WWII nerve-injury studies.

Electrodialysis

Electrodialysis is a membrane desalination process that transports salt ions through charged ion-exchange membranes under an electric field, best suited to brackish water rather than seawater.

Electrodynamic shaker

The electrodynamic shaker is a vibration test machine that converts electrical current into mechanical force, operating as standard excitation sources for aerospace, automotive, and defense applications.

Electrodynamic suspension

Electrodynamic suspension (EDS) is a maglev levitation method where moving onboard magnets induce repulsive currents in guideway coils, self-stabilizing without active control and used in Japan's SCMaglev.

Electrodynamic tether

An electrodynamic tether is a long conducting wire deployed from a spacecraft that produces electrical power or propulsion without consuming propellant, using its motion through a planet's magnetic field.

Electroejaculation

Electroejaculation: semen collection via a rectal probe delivering low-voltage pulses to pelvic nerves; used in livestock breeding soundness exams, zoo and conservation programs, and anejaculatory men; welfare-restricted in some countries.

Electroelution

Electroelution is a bench biology method that uses an electric field to drive DNA, RNA, or proteins out of excised gel slices into solution for recovery after electrophoretic separation.

Electroencephalography

Electroencephalography (EEG) records the brain's electrical activity via scalp electrodes. Pioneered by Hans Berger in 1924, it offers millisecond temporal resolution and is the cornerstone test for diagnosing epilepsy and sleep disorders.

Oct 21, 2026

Electroencephalography Phase Synchronization

Electroencephalography phase synchronization (EEG phase synchrony) is the uniform alignment of oscillation phases between neuronal groups in EEG, quantified by metrics such as the phase locking value, PLI, and wPLI, and read as a sign of brain integration in learning, memory, and perception.

Electrofiltration

Electrofiltration is a membrane separation method in which an applied electric field drives charged particles, colloids, and macromolecules away from the membrane, raising permeate flux and slowing fouling.

Electrofishing

Electrofishing is a fish sampling method that passes an electric field through water to temporarily stun fish so crews can net, identify, measure, and release them, a core tool of fisheries management.

Electroforming

Electroforming is a manufacturing process that produces metal parts by electrochemically depositing metal, usually nickel, onto a mandrel or mold that is then separated from the deposit.

Electrofusion

Electrofusion is a bench technique using short electric pulses to fuse adjacent cell membranes, producing hybrid cells for monoclonal antibodies, cancer vaccines, and diabetes research.

Electrogastrography

Electrogastrography (EGG) is a noninvasive method recording the stomach's electrical activity through skin electrodes on the abdomen, used to assess gastric rhythm disorders, though it has not become a routine clinical diagnostic test.

Electroglottography

Electroglottography (EGG) is a noninvasive, low-cost technique that measures changes in the contact area of the vibrating vocal folds using electrodes on the neck, used in voice clinics, phonetics, and singing pedagogy.

Electrohydraulic actuator

An electrohydraulic actuator, also called an electro-hydrostatic actuator, is a self-contained unit that converts electrical power into locally generated hydraulic power, used in aircraft flight controls including the Airbus A380.

Electrohydrodynamic flow

Electrohydrodynamic flow is fluid motion induced by an electric field acting on free charges in a dielectric fluid, producing ionic wind in gases and electroconvection in liquids.

Electrohydrodynamic printing

Electrohydrodynamic printing is a high-resolution direct-write method in which a voltage between nozzle and substrate pulls out an ink jet much finer than the nozzle itself.

Electrohydrodynamics

Electrohydrodynamics (EHD) is the branch of fluid mechanics that studies fluid motion induced or modified by electric fields, with applications including electrospinning and EHD pumps.

Electroimpact

Electroimpact is an American aerospace automation company founded by Peter Zieve in Mukilteo, Washington, in 1986, building automated riveting, drilling, and fiber placement machines for Boeing, Airbus, and spacecraft makers.

Electrokinetic chromatography

Electrokinetic chromatography (EKC), also known as electrokinetic capillary chromatography, is a capillary separation technique combining electrophoresis with chromatographic partitioning into a pseudostationary phase; its best-known form, MEKC, was introduced by Shigeru Terabe in 1984.