All articles starting with E
17,681 articles
European People's Party
European People's Party (EPP), EU centre-right political party founded 1976 in Luxembourg by Christian Democratic parties under Leo Tindemans; largest EP group, 82 parties from 44 countries, led by Manfred Weber.
European People's Party Group
European People's Party Group (EPP Group), largest centre-right political group in the European Parliament, founded 23 June 1953 as the Christian-Democratic Group in the ECSC Common Assembly; chaired by Manfred Weber, 188 MEPs from all 27 states.
European Pharmacopoeia
The European Pharmacopoeia (Ph. Eur.) is the binding compendium of quality standards for medicines and their substances, established in 1964 under the Council of Europe.
European Physical Society
The European Physical Society, founded in Geneva in 1968 as a forum spanning the Cold War divide, federates 42 national physical societies representing over 120,000 European physicists.
European Physical Society conferences
European Physical Society conferences are the congresses run by the EPS, a federation of European physicists founded in 1968, including EPS-HEP and the plasma series.
European pine marten
The European pine marten, also called the European marten (Martes martes), is a tree-climbing member of the weasel family native to most of Europe and parts of western Asia.
European polecat
European polecat (Mustela putorius), wild ancestor of the domestic ferret, a solitary European mustelid of wetlands and woodland edges, IUCN Least Concern, recovering in Britain after near extinction, threatened by roadkill and rodenticides.
European Policy Centre
European Policy Centre (EPC), Brussels-based independent not-for-profit think tank founded in 1996 by Crossick, Palmer, and Kohnstamm, fostering European integration; distinct from Serbia's Centre for European Policy and CEPS.
European Political Community
European Political Community (EPC): informal pan-European summit forum proposed by Macron in May 2022, first met in Prague in October 2022; unites EU-27 and non-EU states including the UK, Ukraine, Turkey, and the Caucasus, with no founding treaty.
European political party
A European political party, commonly called a europarty, is a federation of national parties from several EU states, recognized at Maastricht in 1992; 12 exist today.
European Pollutant Release and Transfer Register
The European Pollutant Release and Transfer Register (E-PRTR) is the European Union's public electronic database of pollutant releases and waste transfers from large industrial facilities, established in 2006.
European Processor Initiative
The European Processor Initiative (EPI) is a European Union project begun in 2018 that develops European processor and accelerator technology for high-performance computing, aiming at strategic autonomy in chip design.
European Project for Ice Coring in Antarctica
The European Project for Ice Coring in Antarctica (EPICA) was a European scientific program that drilled deep ice cores in East Antarctica between 1996 and the mid-2000s.
European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition
The European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) is a prospective cohort study of over half a million Europeans examining diet and cancer risk.
European Pulsar Timing Array
The European Pulsar Timing Array (EPTA) is a multinational consortium timing millisecond pulsars with Europe's largest radio telescopes; in 2023 it reported evidence for a nanohertz gravitational-wave background.
European Qualifications Framework
European Qualifications Framework (EQF): EU's eight-level, learning-outcomes-based translation grid for qualifications, adopted 2008, revised 2017, linking national qualifications frameworks across Europe.
European rabbit
European rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus), a burrowing lagomorph native to Iberia and southwest France, Endangered in its native range from RHDV2, yet a major invasive pest in Australia and ancestor of all domestic rabbits.
European Radiation Dosimetry Group
The European Radiation Dosimetry Group, or EURADOS, is a non-profit scientific association, founded in 1982, that promotes research and harmonization in dosimetry of ionizing radiation across Europe.
European Rail Infrastructure Managers
European Rail Infrastructure Managers (EIM) is a Brussels-based nonprofit association, founded in 2002, that represents rail infrastructure managers before the European institutions; its members manage 53% of EU railway lines.
European Rail Traffic Management System
European Rail Traffic Management System (ERTMS): the EU's single interoperable signalling standard, comprising ETCS train protection, GSM-R/FRMCS radio (RMR), and ATO, replacing over 20 national train control systems, with TEN-T deployment deadlines of 2030 and 2050.
European Rally Championship
FIA European Rally Championship (ERC): FIA's continental rally series, founded 1953, oldest international rally championship. 2026: seven rounds, five asphalt two gravel, Sierra Morena opener, Rally Hungary dropped, best six of seven scoring.
European Ramblers' Association
European Ramblers' Association (ERA), now the European Hiking Federation, founded 19 October 1969 in Germany; umbrella of 50+ walking organizations from 28 countries that designates and maintains the 12 E-path long-distance trails across Europe.
European regions by fertility rate
Regional total fertility rates across European NUTS regions: EU TFR fell to 1.34 in 2024, with Bulgaria highest (1.72) and Malta lowest (1.01), far below replacement.
European regions by life expectancy
Life expectancy at birth across European NUTS 2 regions, from Eurostat's demo_r_mlifexp dataset: EU average 81.7 years in 2024, Comunidad de Madrid highest at 85.7, Severozapaden (Bulgaria) lowest, with an 11.8-year regional spread.
European regions by unemployment rate
Regional unemployment rates across European NUTS 2 areas, from Eurostat's EU-LFS series: EU average 6.0% in 2025, ranging from 1.5% (Střední Čechy) to 24.9% (Mayotte, Melilla), with north–south Italy and capital-region anomalies.
European Research Council
European Research Council (ERC), EU body created 2007 for investigator-driven frontier research. Offers Starting, Consolidator, Advanced, Synergy, Proof of Concept and (from 2026) ERC Plus Grants; €16 billion Horizon Europe budget, 22-member Scientific Council, excellence as sole criterion.
European Research Group
European Research Group (ERG), British Conservative MPs' Eurosceptic research body and faction founded in 1994 by Michael Spicer; led Brexit-era hard-Brexit pressure under chairs Steve Baker, Jacob Rees-Mogg, and Mark Francois.
European Respiratory Society
European Respiratory Society (ERS), international nonprofit respiratory medicine society founded 1990 in London; 35,000+ members in 160+ countries; runs the ERS International Congress, ERS guidelines program, and the European Respiratory Journal.
European Review
European Review is a peer-reviewed interdisciplinary academic journal published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the Academia Europaea, covering economics, history, social science, and the sciences since 1993.
European Road Assessment Programme
The European Road Assessment Programme (EuroRAP) rates the risk faced by road users on major European roads, using crash statistics and road inspections to produce star ratings.