All articles starting with M

Magnesium chloride

Magnesium chloride (MgCl2) is a hygroscopic inorganic salt found in sea salt and brines, used to make magnesium metal, de-ice roads, and coagulate tofu as nigari.

Magnesium citrate (trimagnesium dicitrate) is an osmotic saline laxative sold OTC for short-term occasional constipation and used in colonoscopy bowel prep; acts within 30 minutes to 6 hours, limited to one week, avoided in kidney disease.

Magnesium deficiency

Magnesium deficiency, or hypomagnesemia, is abnormally low blood magnesium. Causes include alcohol use, diarrhea, malabsorption, diabetes, and drugs such as PPIs, diuretics, and cisplatin; severe cases cause arrhythmias, seizures, and cardiac arrest.

Magnesium diboride

Magnesium diboride (MgB₂) is an intermetallic compound that superconducts at 39 K, the highest of any metallic superconductor, announced by Jun Akimitsu's group in January 2001.

Magnesium dihydrogen pyrophosphate

Magnesium dihydrogen pyrophosphate (MDPP, MgH2P2O7, E 450(ix), INS 450(ix)) is a sodium-free pyrophosphate raising agent and acidity regulator for baked goods; GRAS notice GRN 383 (2011) and JECFA-evaluated in 2012.

Magnesium ferrite

Magnesium ferrite (MgFe₂O₄), also called magnesioferrite in its mineral form, is a magnetic iron oxide with the cubic spinel structure, a soft magnetic n-type semiconductor used in photocatalysis and gas sensing.

Magnesium fluoride

Magnesium fluoride (MgF₂) is an inorganic salt of magnesium and fluorine whose wide transparency and low refractive index make it the standard anti-reflection coating on lenses and aluminum mirrors.

Magnesium hydride

Magnesium hydride (MgH₂) is a white solid compound of magnesium and hydrogen, first synthesized in 1951, with a high 7.6 wt% hydrogen capacity but slow kinetics.

Magnesium hydroxide

Magnesium hydroxide is an inorganic compound, a white solid of low water solubility occurring as the mineral brucite and best known as the antacid and laxative milk of magnesia.

Magnesium in biology

Magnesium in biology: the roles of Mg2+ in living systems, from ATP binding and over 300 enzyme systems to chlorophyll, ribosome stabilization, human homeostasis, and prebiotic chemistry.

Magnesium L-threonate

Magnesium L-threonate (Magtein) is a vitamin C metabolite magnesium salt marketed for brain health; EFSA and UK ACNFP assessed it safe as a novel food at up to 3,000 mg/day, delivering only ~145 mg elemental magnesium.

Magnesium nitrate

Magnesium nitrate is a white, deliquescent inorganic salt with formula Mg(NO₃)₂, sold mainly as a water-soluble fertilizer supplying nitrogen and magnesium, and also used in pyrotechnics, nitric acid concentration, and museum conservation.

Magnesium oxide

Magnesium oxide (MgO), also called magnesia, is a white inorganic compound of magnesium and oxygen that occurs as the mineral periclase and is used mainly as a refractory in furnace linings.

Magnesium oxychloride cement

Magnesium oxychloride cement, also called Sorel cement, is a non-hydraulic cement reported by Stanislas Sorel in 1866, valued for high strength but long limited by poor water resistance.

Magnesium phosphate

Magnesium phosphate is a family of inorganic compounds of magnesium and the phosphate anion, best known as trimagnesium phosphate, Mg3(PO4)2, used in cements, food additives, and bone substitutes.

Magnesium phosphate cement

Magnesium phosphate cement is a fast-setting cement formed by reacting magnesium oxide with an acid phosphate; it hardens quickly even below freezing and repairs concrete.

Magnesium phosphide

Magnesium phosphide (trimagnesium diphosphide, Mg3P2, CAS 12057-74-8), also sold as Magtoxin, is a water-reactive white solid releasing phosphine; a restricted-use fumigant and rodenticide approved in the EU for biocidal product-type 18.

Oct 22, 2026

Magnesium silicide

Magnesium silicide (Mg₂Si) is an inorganic compound of magnesium and silicon forming dark blue crystals, a narrow-gap semiconductor studied chiefly as an environmentally benign thermoelectric material.

Oct 22, 2026

Magnesium silver antimonide

Magnesium silver antimonide (MgAgSb) is a p-type thermoelectric material, first reported in 2012, that converts heat to electricity near room temperature as a nontoxic alternative to tellurium-based materials.

Magnesium stearate

Magnesium stearate, also known as magnesium octadecanoate, is the magnesium salt of stearic acid, a white, soap-like powder used chiefly as a lubricant in pharmaceutical tablets.

Magnesium sulfate

Magnesium sulfate (MgSO4), also known as bitter salt, is an inorganic salt used in agriculture, food processing, and medicine; its heptahydrate is known as Epsom salt.

Magnesium-sulfur battery

The magnesium-sulfur battery (Mg-S battery) is a rechargeable battery pairing a magnesium anode with a sulfur cathode, first demonstrated in 2011 by Toyota researchers and still in early laboratory development.

Magnet

A magnet is an object or material that produces a magnetic field, with a north and a south pole that attract iron and repel or attract other magnets.

Magnet school

Magnet school: a US public school with a special themed curriculum (arts, STEM, language, Montessori) designed to voluntarily attract diverse students for desegregation; distinct from independently run charter schools; supported by the federal Magnet Schools Assistance Program since 1985.

Magnet therapy

Magnet therapy, also called magnetic therapy or magnetotherapy, is an alternative medicine practice using static magnets (30–500 mT) or electromagnetic fields for pain. Controlled trials show no conclusive benefit for static magnets; PEMF has limited FDA-approved uses.

MAGNET trial

MAGNET trial (NCT06018272): German five-site cluster-randomized trial comparing 12 months of outpatient mentalization-based treatment with bona fide psychodynamic or cognitive-behavioral psychotherapy in 304 adults with borderline personality disorder; primary outcome is crisis events (self-harm, suicide attempts).