All articles starting with M

Möngke Khan (ᠮᠥᠩᠬᠡ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ)

Möngke Khan, also known as Mangu Khan or Emperor Xianzong of Yuan, was the fourth Great Khan of the Mongol Empire, ruling from 1251 to his death in 1259.

Sep 25, 2026

Möngke Khan's campaign against the Song

Möngke Khan's campaign against the Song (蒙哥攻宋) was the Mongol invasion of Southern Song China, centered on Sichuan, where the nine-month siege of Hezhou failed and Möngke died.

Mongkut (มงกุฎ), Rama IV of Siam's Chakri dynasty (1804–1868), reigned 1851–1868 after 27 years as a monk, founded the Dhammayut order, signed the 1855 Bowring Treaty, predicted the 1868 eclipse, and inspired The King and I.

Mongo Beti

Mongo Beti, pen name of Cameroonian writer Alexandre Biyidi-Awala (1932–2001), was a leading figure of Africa's independence-generation literature whose novels satirized French colonial rule and later neocolonial dictatorship.

Sep 19, 2026

Mongo Santamaría

Mongo Santamaría (Ramón Santamaría) was a Cuban conga drummer, bandleader, and composer, born in Havana in 1917, known for "Afro Blue" and his 1963 hit "Watermelon Man".

MongoDB

MongoDB is a document-oriented NoSQL database, first released in 2009, that stores data as JSON-like BSON documents in schema-flexible collections instead of table rows, and ranks first among document stores.

Oct 15, 2026

MongoDB Atlas

MongoDB Atlas is a multi-cloud database-as-a-service from MongoDB, announced in June 2016, that automates provisioning, patching, backup, and scaling on AWS, Azure, and Google Cloud.

Mongol (film)

Mongol (2007) is a Sergei Bodrov historical epic about Genghis Khan's early life, a Russia-Germany-Kazakhstan-Mongolia co-production starring Tadanobu Asano, nominated for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film.

Mongol banner system (Jasagh system)

The Mongol banner system, also called the Jasagh system, was the Qing dynasty's administrative order for Mongolia, built from leagues and banners headed by jasagh princes.

Mongol census and tribute registration in Novgorod

The Mongol census and tribute registration in Novgorod (Перепись монгольская в Новгороде) was the 1259 enrollment of Novgorod's population in Mongol tax registers, carried out with Alexander Nevsky against popular resistance.

Mongol census of Iran

The Mongol census of Iran was an empire-wide enumeration of population and livestock carried out under the Great Qa'an Mongke (1251–1259), establishing the qupchur poll tax and tumen divisions.

Mongol census of Novgorod and the 1257–1259 uprising

The Mongol census of Novgorod and the 1257–1259 uprising (Перепись 1257–1259 годов) were the Horde's tax count of Novgorod and the armed resistance it met.

Mongol census of Rus (1257–1259)

The Mongol census of Rus (Число) was a Mongol registration of the taxable population of the Russian principalities in 1257–1259, fixing the basis for tribute.

Mongol Code

The Mongol Code (蒙古律例) is the Qing dynasty's written criminal and administrative law for Mongolia, first officially compiled in 1696 and applied alongside the Qing Code.

Mongol conquest of Azerbaijan

The Mongol conquest of Azerbaijan (فتح أذربيجان) was the campaign by which the Mongol Empire took permanent control of Azerbaijan in the 1230s, first under the general Chormaqan.

Mongol conquest of China

The Mongol conquest of China (1209–1279) was a seventy-year campaign by which the Yuan state unified all of China after destroying the Western Xia, Jin, and Southern Song states.

Mongol conquest of Dali

The Mongol conquest of Dali (蒙古灭大理) was the campaign by which the Mongol Empire destroyed the Dali Kingdom in Yunnan, ending 316 years of Duan rule in 1254.

Mongol conquest of the Jin dynasty

The Mongol conquest of the Jin dynasty (蒙金战争) was the war in which Genghis Khan's Mongol Empire destroyed the Jin dynasty of northern China, from 1211 to 1234.

Mongol conquest of the Khwarazmian Empire

The Mongol conquest of the Khwarazmian Empire was the 1219 to 1221 campaign in which Genghis Khan overthrew the Khwarazmshahs, beginning after the massacre of a Mongol caravan at Otrar.

Mongol Conquest of the Merkits

The Mongol conquest of the Merkits was the campaign by which Temüjin, later Chinggis Khan, destroyed the Merkit confederation after they abducted his wife Börte around 1179.

Mongol conquest of the Naiman

The Mongol conquest of the Naiman was Temüjin's defeat in 1204 of the Naiman confederation of western Mongolia at Chakirmaut, enabling his proclamation as Genghis Khan in 1206.

Mongol conquest of the Qara Khitai

The Mongol conquest of the Qara Khitai was the 1218 campaign in which Chinggis Khan's general Jebe destroyed the Qara Khitai empire and executed the usurper Kuchlug.

Mongol conquest of the Song dynasty

The Mongol conquest of the Song dynasty (宋元战争) was the roughly 45-year war in which Mongol and Yuan armies destroyed the Southern Song state, ending at Yamen in 1279.

Mongol conquest of Western Xia

The Mongol conquest of Western Xia was the destruction of the Tangut-ruled Western Xia empire by the Mongol Empire through raids from 1205 and a final war of annihilation in 1227.

Mongol conversion to Buddhism

Mongol conversion to Buddhism was the adoption of Tibetan Buddhism by the Mongols, first by the Yuan court in the 13th century, then en masse from the 1570s.

Oct 20, 2026

Mongol Daguur Biosphere Reserve

Mongol Daguur Biosphere Reserve, a UNESCO MAB site designated in 2007 in eastern Mongolia's Dornod province on the Russian border, protects moist Daurian steppe and wetlands with six crane species, a 1992 Strictly Protected Area, Ramsar status, and Landscapes of Dauria World Heritage inclusion.