All articles starting with N
16,460 articles
National Instant Criminal Background Check System
The National Instant Criminal Background Check System, or NICS, is the FBI-run federal system, launched in 1998 under the Brady Act, that screens firearm and explosive buyers.
National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention
National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention (中国疾病预防控制中心传染病预防控制所), China CDC's national institute for bacterial infectious disease control, founded 1953, runs pathogen identification and vector surveillance networks from Beijing.
National Institute for Health and Care Excellence
The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) is an English public body producing evidence-based health and social care guidance for the NHS since 1999.
National Institute for Innovation in Manufacturing Biopharmaceuticals
The National Institute for Innovation in Manufacturing Biopharmaceuticals (NIIMBL) is a US public-private partnership for biopharmaceutical manufacturing innovation, one of the Manufacturing USA institutes funded through NIST.
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
NIOSH (National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health) is the CDC/HHS federal research agency preventing work-related injury and illness, created by the 1970 OSH Act; it approves respirators, issues RELs, and faced near-total 2025 layoffs later rescinded.
National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology
The National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) is one of Japan's largest public research organizations, a national agency under the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry.
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
NIAID (National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases), an NIH institute since 1955, funds US research on infectious, immunologic, and allergic diseases; about $6.6 billion budget, VTEUs, HIV/AIDS networks, COVID-19 vaccine role, and 2023-2025 leadership upheaval.
National Institute of Child Health (Budapest, HU)
National Institute of Child Health (Országos Gyermekegészségügyi Intézet, OGYEI), Budapest: Hungarian national child-health institute created 2003, successor of the 1998-dissolved infant and child health institute; its Methodological Directorate continues at Heim Pál Children's Hospital. Distinct from the pharmacy institute OGYÉI.
National Institute of Child Health (Karachi, PK)
National Institute of Child Health (NICH), Karachi: Pakistan's largest public pediatric hospital, opened 1962, 500-550 beds, free care to over 1 million patients yearly, largest pediatric ER and incubator facility, Edhi Medical Tower expansion.
National Institute of Design
National Institute of Design (NID), Ahmedabad: India's national design school founded September 1961 from the Eames India Report, an Institution of National Importance under the NID Act 2014, with campuses in Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, and Bengaluru.
National Institute of Ecology
National Institute of Ecology (국립생태원, NIE), South Korean Ministry of Environment institute opened 2013 in Seocheon; ecological research, restoration, and the five-biome Ecorium exhibition, Korea's largest ecology exhibition hall.
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences
The National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) is a US National Institutes of Health institute in Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, researching how the environment affects human health.
National Institute of Fashion Technology
National Institute of Fashion Technology (NIFT, राष्ट्रीय फैशन प्रौद्योगिकी संस्थान), India's statutory fashion institute under the Ministry of Textiles, set up 1986, governed by the NIFT Act 2006, with multi-campus B.Des, B.F.Tech, M.Des, M.F.M, M.F.Tech and PhD programmes admitted via NTA's NIFTEE.
National Institute of Health
National Institute of Health (NIH), Islamabad: Pakistan's national public health institute under NHSR&C, formed from 1948 Bureau of Laboratories, autonomous by 1980 ordinance, reorganized 2021; runs polio reference lab, IDSRS, and vaccine production; distinct from the US National Institutes of Health.
National Institute of Hydrology (India)
The National Institute of Hydrology (NIH; राष्ट्रीय जलविज्ञान संस्थान) is India's autonomous hydrology research society, established in 1978 and headquartered at Roorkee, Uttarakhand, under the Ministry of Jal Shakti.
National Institute of Informatics
The National Institute of Informatics (国立情報学研究所, NII) is a Japanese inter-university research institute in Tokyo, established in 2000, dedicated to informatics research and operating Japan's SINET academic network.
National Institute of Information and Communications Technology
The National Institute of Information and Communications Technology (NICT) is a Japanese research agency that generates and distributes Japan Standard Time from atomic clocks in Tokyo.
National Institute of Mental Health
National Institute of Mental Health: the US NIMH (NIH, founded 1949, lead federal mental disorders research agency) and Japan's NIMH (国立精神衛生研究所, founded 1952, now part of NCNP), which was modeled on the American institute.
National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences
NIMHANS, Bengaluru, India's apex mental health and neurosciences institute, formed 1974 from the Mysore Government Mental Hospital and AIIMH; deemed university 1994, Institute of National Importance 2012; NIMHANS-2 announced 2026.
National Institute of Metrology (China)
The National Institute of Metrology (中国计量科学研究院, NIM) is China's national metrology institute, its highest research facility for measurement science, established in 1955 and affiliated with the State Administration for Market Regulation.
National Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology
National Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (NIMBB): network of UP System biotechnology institutes at Diliman, Los Baños (BIOTECH, est. 1979), Manila, and Visayas, designated a national center of excellence by Proclamation No. 526.
National Institute of Ocean Technology
The National Institute of Ocean Technology (NIOT) is an autonomous Indian government research institute in Chennai, established in 1993 under the Ministry of Earth Sciences.
National Institute of Oceanography, India
The National Institute of Oceanography, also known as the Indian National Institute of Oceanography, is an autonomous research institute of CSIR in Goa, India, established in 1966.
National Institute of Open Schooling
National Institute of Open Schooling (NIOS), formerly National Open School, is India's autonomous open schooling board under the Ministry of Education, established 1989, offering Secondary, Senior Secondary, Open Basic Education, and vocational courses via distance learning.
National Institute of Radiological Sciences
The National Institute of Radiological Sciences (NIRS, 放射線医学総合研究所) was a Japanese institute in Chiba that pioneered carbon-ion cancer therapy and operated the HIMAC accelerator until 2016.
National Institute of Standards (Egypt)
The National Institute for Standards (NIS) is Egypt's national metrology institute. Established in 1963, it maintains the country's primary measurement standards from its headquarters in Giza.
National Institute of Standards and Technology
The National Institute of Standards and Technology, formerly the National Bureau of Standards, is a non-regulatory U.S. Commerce Department agency, founded in 1901, that maintains the nation's measurement standards.
National Institute of Statistics and Censuses (Argentina)
The National Institute of Statistics and Censuses (INDEC) is Argentina's national statistical office, created by law in 1968 to run the national census and produce official indicators like the consumer price index.
National Institute of Technology Calicut
National Institute of Technology Calicut (NITC), formerly Calicut Regional Engineering College, is a Government of India-funded institution of national importance in Kozhikode, Kerala, founded in 1961, offering B.Tech, B.Arch, M.Tech, MBA, M.Sc, and Ph.D. programs, ranked 21st in NIRF 2025 Engineering and 2nd in Architecture.
National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research
The National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research (NIWA) was a New Zealand Crown Research Institute, established in 1992, that researched freshwater, oceans, the atmosphere, and climate.