All articles starting with N
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National Lampoon's European Vacation
National Lampoon's European Vacation is a 1985 American comedy directed by Amy Heckerling and the second entry in the National Lampoon Vacation series, starring Chevy Chase and Beverly D'Angelo.
National Lampoon's Vacation
National Lampoon's Vacation (1983) is a Harold Ramis road comedy, scripted by John Hughes from his National Lampoon story "Vacation '58," starring Chevy Chase as Clark Griswold driving his family from Chicago to Walley World; it earned over $61 million and spawned a franchise.
National Lampoon's Vacation (film series)
National Lampoon's Vacation film series: comedies following Clark Griswold and family, beginning with Vacation '58 by John Hughes, the 1983 Ramis film, Christmas Vacation, and the 2015 sequel.
National language
National language: a language recognized as a symbol of shared national identity, legally weaker than an official language. Covers definitions, nation-building history, and constitutional examples from India, Canada, Switzerland, South Africa, and the United States.
National Language Authority
The National Language Authority, now the National Language Promotion Department (NLPD), is Pakistan's federal body for promoting Urdu as the official language, established in 1979.
National Law School of India University
National Law School of India University (NLSIU), Bengaluru: India's first National Law University, established 1986 under Karnataka Act 22 of 1986; pioneered the five-year B.A., LL.B. (Hons.) in 1988; ranked #1 in NIRF Law since 2018.
National League
National League (NL), founded February 2, 1876 by William A. Hulbert with eight charter clubs, the older of MLB's two leagues; adopted the designated hitter in 2022 after the American League did so in 1973.
National League (division)
National League (division): fifth tier of English football, top non-League division, 24 clubs, formed 1979 as Alliance Premier League, Conference 1986, National League 2015; champions and play-off winners promoted to EFL League Two.
National League (English football)
National League (English football), formerly Alliance Premier League and Football Conference: the three divisions (National League, North, South) of 72 clubs at tiers five and six below the EFL, with one automatic promotion place plus a six-team play-off to the EFL.
National League Championship Series
National League Championship Series (NLCS), MLB's best-of-seven playoff deciding the NL pennant since 1985 (best-of-five 1969-1984); winner advances to the World Series; 2026 champion Milwaukee Brewers swept the Dodgers 4-0.
National League for Democracy (Liberated Area)
The National League for Democracy (Liberated Area), or NLD-LA, was the exile and underground wing of Burma's National League for Democracy, formed in February 1991 and operating through overseas branches.
National League for Democracy (ဒီချုပ်)
National League for Democracy (ဒီချုပ်, NLD), Myanmar's party founded in 1988 under Aung San Suu Kyi; won 2015 and 2020 landslides, governed 2016–2021, dissolved by the junta in 2023.
National Legion of Decency
The National Legion of Decency, also known as the Catholic Legion of Decency, was a censorship organization that dominated American film classification until a 1952 Supreme Court decision.
National Liberal Party (Romania)
Partidul Național Liberal (PNL), Romania's oldest political party, founded 24 May 1875, led by Ilie Bolojan since 2024; centre-right, EPP-affiliated, dissolved 1947, refounded 1990.
National liberalism
National liberalism, a variant of liberalism combining liberal policies with nationalism; a 19th-century Central, Southern, and Southeast European party family, beginning with Germany's National Liberal Party (1867), whose interwar heirs renamed under 'democracy' labels.
National Liberation Alliance (Brazil)
The National Liberation Alliance (Aliança Nacional Libertadora, ANL) was a Brazilian left-wing united front founded in March 1935, uniting socialists, communists, Catholics, and democrats against fascism and imperialism.
National Liberation Army (Colombia)
National Liberation Army (Ejército de Liberación Nacional, ELN), Colombia's last active Marxist-Leninist guerrilla group, founded 1964-1965, combining liberation theology with drug trafficking, illegal mining, and a binational Venezuela-based structure.
National Liberation Council
The National Liberation Council (NLC) was the military-police junta that ruled Ghana from 24 February 1966, when army and police officers overthrew President Kwame Nkrumah, until 30 September 1969, when it dissolved itself after supervising elections.
National Liberation Day of Korea
National Liberation Day of Korea (광복절, Gwangbokjeol) is South Korea's national holiday each August 15, commemorating both the 1945 liberation from Japanese rule and the 1948 founding of the Republic of Korea government.
National Liberation Front (جبهة التحرير الوطني) (Algeria)
National Liberation Front (Front de libération nationale, FLN, جبهة التحرير الوطني), Algeria's ruling party since the 1954–1962 independence war and sole legal party from 1963 to 1989; won the July 2026 legislative elections with 91 seats.
National Liberation Front of Angola
FNLA (Frente Nacional de Libertação de Angola), Angolan movement founded 1962 in Kinshasa by Holden Roberto from the UPA; fought Portuguese rule, lost the 1975 battle for Luanda, and is now a minor registered party led by Nimi A Simbi.
National Liberation Front of Corsica
National Liberation Front of Corsica (Fronte di Liberazione Naziunale di a Corsica, FLNC): armed Corsican nationalist group founded 5 May 1976, fought for independence from France, split into rival channels in 1990, and largely ended its armed struggle by 2014-2015.
National Liberation Front of Corsica (1976-1990)
The National Liberation Front of Corsica (FLNC, Fronte di Liberazione Naziunale di a Corsica), founded 5 May 1976 from the FPCL and Ghjustizia Paolina after the Aléria events, was Corsica's unified armed nationalist organization until its 1990 split into the canal historique and canal habituel.
National Liberation Front of Macedonia
The National Liberation Front of Macedonia (NOF) was an organization of Slav Macedonians in Greek Macedonia allied with the communists in the Greek Civil War.
National Liberation Front of Tripura
National Liberation Front of Tripura (NLFT), also NLFT of Twipra, a Tripura separatist armed group founded March 12, 1989, banned under UAPA since 1997, signed peace settlements in 2019 and 2024.
National Liberation Movement (Guatemala)
The National Liberation Movement (Movimiento de Liberación Nacional, MLN) was a right-wing anticommunist party in Guatemala, founded by Mario Sandoval Alarcón and active from 1954 until after the 1996 peace accords.
National Liberation Party (Costa Rica)
The National Liberation Party (Partido Liberación Nacional, PLN) is a social democratic political party in Costa Rica, founded in 1951 by José Figueres Ferrer after the 1948 civil war.
National Libertarian Party
Partido Nacional Libertario (PNL), Chilean far-right party founded in 2024 by deputy Johannes Kaiser with ex-Republican Party dissidents; 19 principles, over 50,000 members, nine deputies, and 13.94% in the 2025 presidential first round.
National library
National library: institution responsible for a country's published output and documentary heritage via legal deposit, national bibliography, and central library services; 351 exist under IFLA guidelines, with a hybrid national/public library model now exceeding 30 institutions.
National Library of Australia
National Library of Australia, Canberra's national library under the National Library Act 1960, holds about 10 million items, runs Trove (launched 2009, ~900 partners), and collects legal deposit under the Copyright Act 1968.