All articles starting with N
16,460 articles
National parks of West Africa and the Sahel
The national parks of West Africa and the Sahel are the region's nationally designated protected areas, part of a network covering about 9.6 percent of West Africa.
National Party
The National Party (Hizb al-Watani) was an Egyptian political party founded by Mustafa Kamil in 1907 to demand British withdrawal and a constitution, remaining active until the 1952 revolution.
National Party (South Africa)
The National Party (NP), founded in 1914 by J.B.M. Hertzog, was the Afrikaner nationalist party that governed South Africa 1948–1994, created apartheid, negotiated its end under de Klerk, and disbanded as the New National Party in 2005.
National Party of Australia
The National Party of Australia (The Nationals), founded 22 January 1920 as the Australian Country Party, is Australia's second oldest party, representing regional Australia; long the Liberal Party's junior Coalition partner, it broke the coalition after the 2025 election.
National Party of Honduras
The National Party of Honduras (Partido Nacional de Honduras, PNH) is a conservative political party founded in 1902 that dominated Honduran politics alongside the Liberal Party for over a century.
National Party of Nigeria
The National Party of Nigeria was the dominant party of the Second Republic, winning the 1979 and 1983 elections under Shehu Shagari before its dissolution after the 1983 coup.
National Party of Uruguay
The National Party of Uruguay (Partido Nacional), known as the Blancos or Whites, is one of Uruguay's two traditional political parties, founded by President Manuel Oribe in 1836.
National Patient Safety Agency
The National Patient Safety Agency (NPSA) was an NHS Special Health Authority, established in 2001, that ran the voluntary National Reporting and Learning System for patient safety incidents in England and Wales; abolished in 2012.
National Patriotic Front of Liberia
The National Patriotic Front of Liberia (NPFL) was a Liberian rebel movement led by Charles Taylor that launched the First Liberian Civil War in 1989.
National Payments Corporation of India
The National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI) is a nonprofit company set up in 2008 by the Reserve Bank of India and Indian Banks' Association to operate UPI, RuPay, and IMPS.
National Pearl Harbor Remembrance Day
National Pearl Harbor Remembrance Day, observed December 7 and designated by Congress in 1994 (36 U.S.C. §129), honors the 2,403 Americans killed in the 1941 Japanese attack, with presidential proclamations, half-staff flags, and ceremonies at Pearl Harbor National Memorial.
National Peasant Confederation
The National Peasant Confederation (Confederación Nacional Campesina, CNC) is a Mexican peasant confederation founded in 1938 by President Lázaro Cárdenas, serving as the PRI's agrarian sector.
National Peasants' Party
The National Peasants' Party (Partidul Național Țărănesc, PNT) was a Romanian political party formed in 1926 under Iuliu Maniu and Ion Mihalache, governing 1928 to 1931 and dissolved by the communists in 1947.
National Pension Service (NPS)
The National Pension Service (NPS) is South Korea's public pension scheme, managing the world's third-largest pension fund with about 22 million contributors and 7 million beneficiaries.
National Pension System
The National Pension System, also called the National Pension Scheme, is India's defined-contribution pension scheme, introduced for central government employees in 2004 and later extended to all citizens.
National People's Army
Nationale Volksarmee (NVA), the armed forces of East Germany 1956–1990: land, air, and sea forces built from the Kasernierte Volkspolizei, Warsaw Pact member under Soviet command, conscript army dissolved on 3 October 1990 into the Bundeswehr.
National People's Congress (全国人民代表大会)
National People's Congress (全国人民代表大会, NPC), China's national legislature and constitutionally the highest organ of state power, first convened in 1954 with 1,226 deputies; today nearly 3,000 deputies sit annually while a 175-member Standing Committee does most legislative work.
National People's Party (India)
National People's Party (NPP), an Indian party founded in January 2013 by P.A. Sangma and led by Conrad K. Sangma. A recognised national party with the ECI whose electoral strength is concentrated in Meghalaya, where it won 26 of 60 assembly seats in 2023.
National Personnel Records Center fire
The 1973 National Personnel Records Center fire, also called the NPRC fire or St. Louis fire of July 12, 1973, destroyed 16-18 million Army and Air Force personnel files (80% of Army records 1912-1960, 75% of Air Force records 1947-1964) in a sprinkler-less building; cause never determined.
National Pesticide Information Center
National Pesticide Information Center (NPIC), an Oregon State University-EPA cooperative agreement service in Corvallis, Oregon, offering a toll-free pesticide hotline (1-800-858-7378), science-based information, and anonymous self-reported incident data with no regulatory authority.
National pesticide regulators outside the United States and Europe
National pesticide regulators outside the United States and Europe are agencies that register pesticides, set residue limits, and enforce compliance in countries like Australia, Canada, and Brazil.
National Petroleum and Natural Gas Pipeline Network Group
The National Petroleum and Natural Gas Pipeline Network Group (国家石油天然气管网集团有限公司), commonly known as PipeChina, is a Chinese state-owned company that owns and operates the country's major oil and gas pipelines.
National Physical Laboratory (United Kingdom)
The National Physical Laboratory (NPL) is the United Kingdom's national metrology institute, founded in 1900, where Louis Essen built the first accurate caesium atomic clock in 1955.
National Physical Laboratory of India
The National Physical Laboratory of India (राष्ट्रीय भौतिक प्रयोगशाला) is India's national metrology institute in New Delhi, custodian of the country's measurement standards and Indian Standard Time.
National physics societies by country and region
The list of national physics societies by country and region covers the principal physics society of each territory, from Germany's 1845 society, the world's largest, to regional federations in Europe and Asia-Pacific.
National pickleball governing bodies
National pickleball governing bodies administer the sport within single countries, maintaining rules, sanctioning tournaments, and certifying equipment and referees, with governance still young and contested.
National Pipe Network Group North Pipeline
National Pipe Network Group North Pipeline Co., Ltd. (国家管网集团北方管道有限责任公司) is a Chinese state-owned pipeline company in Langfang, Hebei, a PipeChina subsidiary running about 25,000 km of oil and gas pipelines.
National Pipe Network Group Southwest Oil and Gas Pipeline
National Pipe Network Group Southwest Oil and Gas Pipeline is a PipeChina subsidiary operating the trunk oil and gas pipelines of Sichuan, Chongqing, and Guizhou.
National pipe thread
National pipe thread (NPT), also called Briggs pipe thread, is the American standard taper pipe thread defined in ASME B1.20.1, sealing pipe joints by metal-to-metal wedging on a 1-in-16 taper, normally with a thread sealant.
National Pledge (India)
The National Pledge of India (Telugu original, ప్రతిజ్ఞ), an oath of allegiance recited in schools and at public events, was written in Telugu in 1962 by Pydimarri Venkata Subba Rao of Visakhapatnam, translated into seven languages, and adopted nationally from 26 January 1965.