All articles starting with N
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National Police (France)
The National Police (Police nationale) is France's principal civilian police force, created by the 1966 law, under the Interior Ministry, with over 150,000 staff handling 80% of serious crime alongside the military gendarmerie.
National Police Service
National Police Service (NPS): Kenya's national police force under Article 243 of the 2010 Constitution, commanded by an Inspector-General, comprising the Kenya Police Service, Administration Police Service, and Directorate of Criminal Investigations; distinct from South Africa's SAPS and the proposed UK National Police Service.
National Policy Institute
National Policy Institute (NPI): American white nationalist think tank founded 2005 by William Regnery II, led by Richard Spencer, popularized 'alt-right,' SPLC-designated hate group, IRS status revoked 2017, inactive by 2020.
National Policy on Education
National Policy on Education (NPE): India's national education policy framework, first adopted 1968 from Kothari Commission recommendations, revised 1986 and 1992 (Operation Blackboard, Navodaya Vidyalayas, 6% GDP target), replaced by NEP 2020.
National Political Committee
The National Political Committee (NPC) is the Democratic Socialists of America's highest decision-making body between biennial conventions and functions as its board of directors: 25 elected members plus two Youth Section representatives serving two-year terms.
National Political Committee of the Democratic Socialists of America
The National Political Committee (NPC) is the highest decision-making body of the Democratic Socialists of America between biennial conventions, functioning as the organization's board of directors.
National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System
The National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) is the permit program created by the 1972 Clean Water Act that regulates point sources discharging pollutants into US waters.
National Popular Vote Interstate Compact
The National Popular Vote Interstate Compact (NPVIC) is an agreement among states to award their electoral votes to the national popular vote winner, activating only when members hold 270 of 538 electoral votes; 18 states plus DC have joined with 222 electoral votes.
National Portrait Gallery, London
The National Portrait Gallery, London (NPG), founded 1856 on St Martin's Place, is the world's first portrait gallery, holding some 12,700 Primary Collection portraits of figures in British history and culture, reopened June 2023 after a major refurbishment.
National Post
The National Post is a Canadian daily national newspaper based in Toronto, founded by Conrad Black in 1998 around the Financial Post and owned by Postmedia since 2010.
National Prayer Breakfast
The National Prayer Breakfast is an annual prayer gathering for political leaders in Washington, D.C., held each February since 1953 and split into two events in 2023.
National Preceptor system
The National Preceptor system (국사·왕사 제도) was the Goryeo institution, established by Taejo, of investing eminent monks as National and Royal Preceptors; Joseon Taejong abolished it.
National Premier Leagues
National Premier Leagues (NPL), Australia's state-based second tier football competitions under Football Australia's Member Federations, launched 2013 after the National Competition Review; NPL premiers now qualify for the National Second Tier 'Champions League' from October 2025.
National Premier Leagues Victoria
National Premier Leagues Victoria (NPL Victoria), run by Football Victoria, is the state's top club football competition within Australia's national second tier; 14-team men's and women's leagues with promotion to the Australian Championship.
National Premier Soccer League
The National Premier Soccer League (NPSL) is a US men's amateur soccer league founded in 2003, successor to the MPSL, with over 90 teams, USASA Tier 1 designation since 2022, summer play, and a national playoff culminating in the NPSL championship.
National Press Club (United States)
The National Press Club (NPC) is a professional and social club for journalists in Washington, D.C., founded in 1908 and based in the National Press Building, known for its newsmaker luncheons, C-SPAN broadcasts, and press-freedom awards.
National Private Pilot Licence
The National Private Pilot Licence (NPPL) is a United Kingdom national flight crew license, issued under the Air Navigation Order 2016, permitting private, non-commercial flying of light aircraft within UK airspace.
National Prize for Arts and Sciences (Literature)
The National Prize for Arts and Sciences (Premio Nacional de Artes y Ciencias) was a Mexican state award for writers, established in 1945, whose Literature field continues as the Premio Nacional de Artes y Literatura.
National Pro Fastpitch
National Pro Fastpitch (NPF), formerly the Women's Pro Softball League, was a US professional women's fastpitch softball league playing 2004-2019; its Cowles Cup went mostly to the USSSA Pride and Chicago Bandits before operations suspended in 2021.
National Progressives of America
National Progressives of America (NPA), a US progressive third party founded April 1938 by Wisconsin Governor Philip La Follette; launched at Madison with six principles and a distinctive flag; collapsed after his 1938 defeat.
National Protection Army
The National Protection Army (护国军) was a military force raised in Yunnan in late 1915 by Tang Jiyao, Cai E, and Li Liejun to oppose Yuan Shikai's monarchy.
National Protection War
The National Protection War (护国战争) was a 1915 to 1916 civil war in China fought by a Yunnan-led coalition against Yuan Shikai after he declared himself emperor.
National Provider Identifier
National Provider Identifier (NPI): 10-digit intelligence-free number identifying US health care providers under HIPAA, assigned via NPPES, Luhn check digit, compliance from May 23, 2007.
National Provincial Championship (2006–present)
National Provincial Championship (2006–present), also Air New Zealand Cup, ITM Cup, Bunnings Warehouse NPC: New Zealand's 14-team professional provincial rugby union competition, replacing the three-division NPC; Canterbury won the 2025 final 36-28 over Otago.
National Provisional Ruling Council
The National Provisional Ruling Council (NPRC) was the military junta that governed Sierra Leone from 1992 to 1996, first under Valentine Strasser, then Julius Maada Bio.
National publishers' associations
National publishers' associations are trade bodies representing book publishers within one country, like Germany's Börsenverein, founded in 1825, which runs the Frankfurt Book Fair and coordinates internationally through the IPA.
National Puerto Rican Day Parade
The National Puerto Rican Day Parade, also called the Puerto Rican Day Parade, is an annual June parade on Fifth Avenue in New York City celebrating Puerto Rican culture.
National qualifications frameworks in the United Kingdom
National qualifications frameworks in the United Kingdom are the structured level systems used to classify and compare qualifications across the four nations: the RQF, CQFW, SCQF, and FHEQ.
National Quantum Initiative Act
The National Quantum Initiative Act is a United States federal law signed December 21, 2018, authorizing quantum research at NIST, NSF, and the Department of Energy.
National racquet-sport federations
A national racquet-sport federation is the single governing body recognized for one racquet sport, such as tennis, badminton, or squash, within one country, administering rules, competitions, and international representation.