All articles starting with N
16,460 articles
National Research Universal
The National Research Universal (NRU) was a 135 MWt, heavy-water research reactor at Chalk River, Ontario, in service from 1957 to 2018 and a leading world source of medical isotopes.
National reserve
National reserve: a protected-area title with country-specific meanings, including a US National Park System unit type (two units, partnership-managed), Australia's National Reserve System (22.57% of land), and UNESCO biosphere reserves (785 sites).
National Resistance Army
The National Resistance Army (NRA) was the guerrilla army of Yoweri Museveni, whose political wing was the National Resistance Movement, that seized power in Uganda in 1986.
National Resistance Council
The National Resistance Council was Uganda's unelected national legislature from 1986 to 1996, created by the National Resistance Movement after it took power in January 1986.
National Resistance Front of Afghanistan
National Resistance Front of Afghanistan (NRF), also Second Resistance, anti-Taliban armed group formed after the fall of Kabul in August 2021, led by Ahmad Massoud and Amrullah Saleh, based in Panjshir, largest resistance group, guerrilla attacks, no territorial control.
National Resistance Movement
The National Resistance Movement (NRM) is Uganda's ruling political organization, founded as a liberation movement in the early 1980s, that has governed under President Yoweri Museveni since 1986.
National Restaurant Association
The National Restaurant Association is the restaurant-industry business association of the United States, founded by Kansas City restaurateurs in 1919 and headquartered in Washington, DC.
National Review
National Review: bi-weekly American conservative magazine and website (National Review Online) founded by William F. Buckley Jr. in 1955, known for the 'stands athwart history, yelling Stop' mission statement, its flagship role in the modern conservative movement, and right-leaning bias ratings with mostly factual reporting.
National Revolutionary Army (国民革命军)
National Revolutionary Army (国民革命军, NRA, 国军): the Kuomintang's armed force, founded August 1925 in Guangzhou from Whampoa academy units, which fought the Northern Expedition, the war against Japan, and the civil war, until its remnants withdrew to Taiwan in 1949.
National Revolutionary Movement for Development
The National Revolutionary Movement for Development (MRND, French: Mouvement révolutionnaire national pour le développement) governed Rwanda as the sole legal party from 1975 to 1994 under President Juvénal Habyarimana.
National Revolutionary Party
The National Revolutionary Party (Partido Nacional Revolucionario, PNR) was a Mexican political party founded in 1929 by Plutarco Elías Calles to unify revolutionary factions, reconstituted as the Party of the Mexican Revolution in 1938.
National Rifle Association
National Rifle Association (NRA), American gun-rights nonprofit founded 1871 by Union veterans; chartered by New York, first led by Ambrose Burnside. Became a lobbying powerhouse after 1975 ILA founding; 5 million claimed members; faced 2020 New York corruption suit.
National Road
The National Road, also called the Cumberland Road, was the first US highway built entirely with federal funds, running from Cumberland, Maryland, west to Vandalia, Illinois.
National Roads Authority (Ireland)
The National Roads Authority (Irish: An tÚdarás um Bóithre Náisiúnta) was Ireland's independent statutory body for national roads, established in 1994 and known as Transport Infrastructure Ireland since 2015.
National Robotics Engineering Center
The National Robotics Engineering Center is a Carnegie Mellon University organization that designs and tests robots for industry and government, opened in Pittsburgh in 1996.
National Robotics Initiative
The National Robotics Initiative was a United States multi-agency research funding program, launched in 2011, that supported research on robots working cooperatively with people until 2022.
National Robotics Strategy (Australia)
The National Robotics Strategy is the Australian Government's plan for developing and using robotics and automation, released by the Department of Industry, Science and Resources on 28 May 2024.
National Roman Museum of Palazzo Massimo
Palazzo Massimo, near Termini in Rome, is the main art site of the National Roman Museum: four floors of Roman sculpture, the Boxer at Rest, Livia's painted garden frescoes, mosaics, and over half a million coins.
National Rugby League
National Rugby League (NRL): Australasia's elite rugby league club competition, formed 1998 after the Super League war, governed by the ARL Commission since 2012; 17 clubs, $5.3 billion media deal, PNG team from 2028.
National Rural Letter Carriers' Association
The National Rural Letter Carriers' Association (NRLCA) is the labor union representing rural letter carriers of the United States Postal Service, organized in Chicago in 1903 and today representing more than 130,000 carriers.
National Rural Livelihood Mission (राष्ट्रीय ग्रामीण आजीविका मिशन)
The National Rural Livelihood Mission (राष्ट्रीय ग्रामीण आजीविका मिशन), renamed Deendayal Antyodaya Yojana in 2016, is India's rural poverty-alleviation program, launched in 2010 and organizing women into self-help groups.
National Sample Survey
The National Sample Survey is India's continuing household survey program, run since 1950 and serving as the principal source of official data on consumption, employment, and poverty.
National Scenic Byway
A National Scenic Byway is a US road designated by the Secretary of Transportation under the 1991 National Scenic Byways Program for one of six intrinsic qualities.
National Schism
The National Schism (Εθνικός Διχασμός) was the 1915–1917 political split in Greece over entry into World War I, opposing Prime Minister Venizelos, who favored the Entente, against King Constantine I, who backed neutrality.
National school (Ireland)
A national school is a state-aided primary school in Ireland, founded in October 1831 to educate children of all religions together; most remain under Catholic patronage despite state funding.
National School Lunch Act
National School Lunch Act (Richard B. Russell NSLA, 42 U.S.C. 1751 et seq.), 1946 Truman-era statute creating the USDA National School Lunch Program; ~30 million children daily, amended by the 1966 Child Nutrition Act and 2010 Healthy, Hunger-Free Kids Act.
National School of Drama (राष्ट्रीय नाट्य विद्यालय)
National School of Drama (राष्ट्रीय नाट्य विद्यालय, NSD), New Delhi: India's national theatre training institution, founded 1959 by the Sangeet Natak Akademi, autonomous under the Ministry of Culture since 1975, offering a three-year Dramatic Arts diploma.
National School of Drama Repertory Company
The National School of Drama Repertory Company, also known as the NSD Repertory Company, is the professional theater ensemble of the National School of Drama in New Delhi, founded in 1964.
National Schools Symphony Orchestra
National Schools Symphony Orchestra (NSSO), UK residential music course founded 1994 in Suffolk, now run by Malvern College; three graded orchestras (Academy, Sinfonia, Philharmonic) for players aged 8-17, grade 3 to diploma standard, with video auditions and means-tested bursaries.
National Science Day
National Science Day is an annual observance in India held on February 28 to promote public understanding of science and commemorate the Raman Effect announcement in 1928.