All articles starting with N
16,460 articles
National Radio Astronomy Observatory
The National Radio Astronomy Observatory (NRAO) is a National Science Foundation-funded US radio astronomy facility founded in 1956, operating telescopes including the VLA and ALMA, headquartered in Charlottesville, Virginia.
National Rail
National Rail is the brand and customer information service for passenger rail in England, Scotland and Wales, providing journey planning, fares, and real-time information via its website and apps.
National Railway Locomotive Engineers' Union (動労)
Dōrō (動労), formally the National Railway Motive Power Union, was a militant Japanese union of JNR locomotive crews, founded in 1951 and dissolved in 1987.
National Railway Museum
The National Railway Museum, also known as York Railway Museum, is a railway museum in York, England, opened in 1975 and home to Mallard and Flying Scotsman.
National Rainbow Coalition
The National Rainbow Coalition (NARC) was a Kenyan opposition coalition formed in 2002 from the NAK and LDP parties, whose candidate Mwai Kibaki ended KANU's 39-year rule.
National Rally
National Rally, formerly the Front National, is a French far-right political party founded in 1972 and led by Jordan Bardella since Marine Le Pen stepped aside.
National Reconciliation Commission
The National Reconciliation Commission (NRC) was Ghana's truth commission, established in 2002, which operated from 2003 to 2004 investigating human rights abuses under military rule and recommending reparations.
National Reconciliation Ordinance
The National Reconciliation Ordinance (NRO, Ordinance LX of 2007), promulgated by President Musharraf on 5 October 2007, withdrew corruption cases against public office holders before 12 October 1999; declared void ab initio by the Supreme Court in December 2009.
National Reconciliation Party for Unity and Prosperity
National Reconciliation Party for Unity and Prosperity (NRPUP) is a Zambian political party formed around Brian Mundubile for the 2026 general election, running on reconciliation, jobs and ethical government, with running mate Makebi Zulu.
National Reconnaissance Office
The National Reconnaissance Office (NRO), also called Supra et Ultra agency, is the U.S. agency designing, building, launching, and operating American intelligence satellites; created 1961, declassified 1992, headquartered in Chantilly, Virginia.
National Recording Registry
The National Recording Registry is a Library of Congress list of sound recordings deemed culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant, with 25 recordings added each year under the 2000 preservation act.
National records in athletics
National records in athletics: best ratified performances by a country's athletes, set and ratified by national federations like USATF and Atletiekunie under World Athletics technical conditions (FAT timing, 2 m/s wind limit, doping control), not certified by World Athletics itself.
National Recovery Administration
The National Recovery Administration was a New Deal agency created in 1933 to set industry codes fixing wages, hours, and prices, struck down by the Supreme Court in 1935.
National Register of Citizens
The National Register of Citizens (NRC) is the register of Indian citizens for Assam, first compiled in 1951 and updated in 2019 under Supreme Court supervision.
National Register of Historic Monuments in Romania
Lista monumentelor istorice din România (LMI), the national register of historic monuments, lists protected built heritage by county with LMI codes; latest full edition 2015, updated by ministerial orders.
National Register of Historic Places
National Register of Historic Places, the US federal inventory of historic districts, sites, buildings, structures, and objects under the 1966 NHPA, run by the National Park Service; over 100,000 listings, honorific for private owners except Section 106 review.
National Register of Historic Places listings in Detroit
The National Register of Historic Places listings in Detroit are the city's buildings, sites, and districts entered on the federal register, nominated through Michigan's State Historic Preservation Office.
National Registration Identity Card
The National Registration Identity Card, or NRIC, is the compulsory identity card issued to Singapore citizens and permanent residents, who register at 15 and re-register at 30 and 55.
National Relay Service
The National Relay Service is a free Australian government phone service for Deaf, hard of hearing, and speech-impaired people, with Relay Officers converting voice, text, and Auslan since 1995.
National Renewable Energy Laboratory
The National Renewable Energy Laboratory, founded in 1977 as the Solar Energy Research Institute, was a Department of Energy national laboratory in Golden, Colorado, dedicated to renewable energy research.
National Reorganization Process
The National Reorganization Process (Proceso de Reorganización Nacional) was Argentina's self-named military dictatorship, 1976-1983, founded by the 24 March 1976 coup against Isabel Perón; a three-commander junta ruled with systematic state terrorism and disappearances until the 1983 democratic return.
National representation in IOC membership
National representation in IOC membership describes Olympic Charter rules limiting the IOC to 115 members, with one individual member per country and a 1999 grandfather clause.
National Republican Congressional Committee
The National Republican Congressional Committee (NRCC), founded in 1866, is a political committee that supports Republican House campaigns with contributions, research, and voter turnout programs.
National Republican Convention (Nigeria)
The National Republican Convention (NRC) was a conservative Nigerian political party created by decree in October 1989 under General Babangida, whose 1993 presidential candidate was Bashir Tofa.
National Republican Party
National Republican Party: Adams-Clay faction of the split Democratic-Republican Party, 1820s to mid-1830s, favoring the national bank, tariffs, and internal improvements; lost 1828 with 83 electoral votes, then became the core of the Whig Party.
National Research Council (United States)
The National Research Council (NRC), created in 1916 to organize American science for World War I, was the operating arm of the National Academies advising the US government.
National Research Council Canada
National Research Council Canada (NRC): Canada's largest federal research and development organization, founded 1916, operating 126 R&D facilities and NRC IRAP SME funding with a $1.9 billion 2026-27 budget.
National Research Council Institute for Ocean Technology
The National Research Council Institute for Ocean Technology (IOT) was an ocean engineering research institute of Canada's National Research Council in St. John's, Newfoundland, opened in 1985.
National research councils of Europe
The national research councils of Europe are public bodies, including Norway's RCN, Switzerland's SNSF, Finland's RCF, and Türkiye's TÜBİTAK, that fund research through competitive, peer-reviewed project grants.
National Research Foundation (South Africa)
The National Research Foundation (NRF) is South Africa's statutory research funding agency under Act 23 of 1998, funding research, postgraduate students, national research facilities, and peer-review rating of researchers.