All articles starting with O

Organic artificial afferent nerve

An organic artificial afferent nerve is a flexible organic semiconductor device that mimics a biological afferent nerve, sensing pressure and processing touch signals for robotics and prosthetics.

Organic carbonyl cathodes

Organic carbonyl cathodes are battery electrodes built from carbonyl compounds, such as quinones, that store charge for lithium, sodium, and potassium cells with high capacity and renewability.

Organic cation transporters (OCTs) are solute carrier proteins that move positively charged molecules across cell membranes without ATP; OCT1 handles liver uptake and OCT2 kidney secretion of drugs like metformin.

Organic certification

Organic certification, verified by accredited certifiers such as under the USDA National Organic Program, confirms farms and handlers meet organic standards, requiring a three-year transition, annual inspections, and enabling the USDA organic seal.

Sep 29, 2026

Organic chemical vapor deposition

Organic chemical vapor deposition (OVPD) is a thin-film deposition method that grows organic semiconductor films for OLEDs by evaporating material into a hot inert carrier gas.

Organic chemistry

Organic chemistry is the study of carbon compounds, which form chains and rings and make up almost all of the more than 197 million known chemical compounds.

Organic color centers in carbon nanotubes

Organic color centers (OCCs) are photon-emitting quantum defects created by bonding organic functional groups to semiconducting carbon nanotubes, trapping excitons and emitting single shortwave-infrared photons at room temperature.

Organic compound

An organic compound is a chemical compound containing carbon, often bonded to oxygen or nitrogen. Historically related to living things, it is now defined by the presence of carbon.

Organic diselenides and ditellurides

Organic diselenides and ditellurides are organochalcogen compounds containing a covalent bond between two selenium or two tellurium atoms, serving as stable precursors to electrophilic, nucleophilic, and radical selenium reagents.

Organic electrochemical neuron

An organic electrochemical neuron (OECN) is an artificial neuron built from organic electrochemical transistors that spike through ion-mediated dynamics like biological neurons, first proposed in 2022 for neuromorphic sensing and bioelectronic systems.

Organic electrochemical transistor

An organic electrochemical transistor is a three-terminal device in which ions from an electrolyte modulate an organic polymer channel, first demonstrated in 1984 and now used for biosensing and neuromorphic computing.

Organic electrochemical transistor artificial synapse

An organic electrochemical transistor artificial synapse is a three-terminal device that mimics synaptic functions like potentiation, depression, and plasticity, using ions from an electrolyte to tune a PEDOT:PSS channel.

Organic electrochemistry

Organic electrochemistry is the branch of synthetic chemistry that uses electron transfer at electrode surfaces, rather than stoichiometric chemical reagents, to oxidize or reduce organic molecules and form new bonds.

Organic farming

Organic farming, also called biological or ecological agriculture, is a certified production system excluding synthetic fertilizers and pesticides; about 99 million hectares worldwide, yields roughly 10-20% below conventional, but higher profitability via price premiums.

Organic ferroelectric memory

Organic ferroelectric memory is non-volatile data storage in which an organic ferroelectric material, typically the fluoropolymer P(VDF-TrFE), holds the data state in reversible electric polarization.

Organic fertilizer

Organic fertilizer: naturally derived plant-nutrient products (manure, compost, blood meal, bone meal, fish and kelp products) that release nutrients through microbial mineralization; distinct from USDA National List approval for certified organic production.

Organic field-effect transistor

An organic field-effect transistor (OFET) is a three-terminal transistor with a channel made of an organic semiconductor, valued for flexibility in flexible displays, smart cards, and sensors.

Organic flow battery

An organic flow battery is a redox flow battery storing energy in carbon-based organic molecules instead of metal ions, promising cheaper, tunable chemistry than vanadium systems.

Organic food

Organic food is produced under certified standards restricting synthetic pesticides, fertilizers, GMOs, and radiation. USDA "organic" requires 95% organic content; residues are lower, nutritional differences limited, US sales $70.1 billion in 2025.

Organic laser

An organic laser is a laser whose gain medium is an organic dye or conjugated semiconductor, chemically tunable from ultraviolet to near-infrared and typically optically pumped.

Organic Letters

Organic Letters, also known as Org. Lett., is a peer-reviewed American Chemical Society journal for short, rapid communications in organic chemistry, founded in 1999 and led since 2021 by Marisa C. Kozlowski.

Organic matter

Organic matter is carbon-based material derived from living organisms or lab synthesis. In environmental science, it refers to natural residues in soils, sediments, and water.

Organic neuromorphic devices

Organic neuromorphic devices are carbon-based hardware emulating neurons and synapses, integrating memory and processing to overcome the von Neumann bottleneck for low-power, flexible, biocompatible computing.

Organic NIR photodetector

An organic near-infrared (NIR) photodetector is a light sensor whose photoactive layer is carbon-based, converting NIR photons into electrical current. It is pursued for flexible, solution-processed devices for sensing, health monitoring, and night vision.