All articles starting with P
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Parapenaeus longirostris
Parapenaeus longirostris, the deep-water rose shrimp (gamba blanca, gambero bianco), is a Penaeidae trawl-caught shrimp of the Mediterranean and eastern Atlantic, abundant at 100–300 m, with Mediterranean stocks assessed at increased overexploitation risk.
Parapet
A parapet is a low wall along the edge of a roof, terrace, bridge, balcony, or fortification rampart, protecting people from falling or defenders from enemy fire.
Paraphilia
Paraphilia: intense, persistent atypical sexual interest; a paraphilic disorder only when distressing, impairing, or harmful. DSM-5/ICD-11 distinction, history from Krafft-Ebing, critiques, and treatment.
Paraphilic disorder
Paraphilic disorder: DSM-5/ICD-11 diagnosis in which an atypical sexual interest (paraphilia) causes distress, impairment, or harm to nonconsenting others; eight specific types, forensic use, and treatment.
Paraphilic infantilism
Paraphilic infantilism (autonepiophilia, adult baby syndrome) is sexual arousal from role-playing regression to an infant state, historically defined in DSM-III-R through DSM-IV-TR and no longer a DSM-5 or ICD paraphilia; distinct from diaperism and pedophilia.
Paraphimosis
Paraphimosis: urologic emergency in which the retracted foreskin is trapped behind the glans corona, causing edema and ischemia; distinct from phimosis; treated by manual reduction, osmotic agents, or dorsal slit.
Paraphrase
Paraphrase: restating text in different words while preserving meaning, roughly at original length. Covers quasi-paraphrase definitions, 25 operations, plagiarism rules, NLP uses, and AI-detector evasion.
Paraphyly
Paraphyly: a group containing a common ancestor and some but not all of its descendants, defined by Willi Hennig; classic examples are reptiles excluding birds and fish (Pisces); cladistics rejects paraphyletic taxa, evolutionary taxonomy defends them as grades.
Paraplegia
Paraplegia is paralysis of the lower body and both legs with preserved arm function, usually from spinal cord injury below the neck; also called paraplegic paralysis, distinct from quadriplegia or tetraplegia.
Paraponera clavata
Paraponera clavata, the bullet ant, is a large Neotropical ant from Nicaragua to the Amazon Basin, sole species of Paraponerinae, with the most painful insect sting (Schmidt 4.0+) caused by poneratoxin acting on NaV1.7 channels.
Parapotamioi
Parapotamioi (Παραποτάμιοι), also Parapotamii or Parapotamia, an ancient Phocian town on the left bank of the Cephissus near Boeotia, destroyed by Xerxes in 480 BCE and located at modern Belesi/Levendi.
Parapoxvirus orf
Parapoxvirus orf, exemplified by orf virus (ORFV), is the type species of the Parapoxvirus genus, causing contagious ecthyma in sheep and goats and zoonotic orf in humans.
PaRappa the Rapper (パラッパラッパー)
PaRappa the Rapper (パラッパラッパー) is a 1996 NanaOn-Sha PlayStation rhythm game by Masaya Matsuura and Rodney Greenblat, credited with founding the rhythm-game genre; stars a rapping dog pursuing Sunny Funny.
PaRappa the Rapper 2
PaRappa the Rapper 2 (パラッパラッパー2) is a 2002 PlayStation 2 rhythm game by Sony and Masaya Matsuura; PaRappa fights the Noodle Syndicate across 8 stages, with new score meters, Versus mode, and a 2015 PS4 port.
Paraprofessional educator
Paraprofessional educator, also called paraeducator, teacher aide, or teaching assistant: a non-credentialed school employee who assists instruction under a licensed teacher's supervision. Over 1.2 million work in US public schools; median pay $36,780 (May 2025).
Parapsychology
Parapsychology, also called psychic research, is the study of alleged psychic phenomena such as ESP, telepathy, and psychokinesis; its central claims remain unaccepted by mainstream science.
Paraquat
Paraquat (methyl viologen, Gramoxone) is a bipyridylium, non-selective contact herbicide and desiccant commercialized in 1962, acting as a photosystem I electron diverter; extremely toxic with no antidote, banned in over 70 countries, disputed Parkinson's link.
Paraquat poisoning
Paraquat poisoning: toxic injury from the herbicide paraquat dichloride (methyl viologen, Gramoxone), usually from ingestion; no antidote, lung accumulation 6-10x plasma, hemoperfusion OR 0.20, EU ban 2007.
Pararaton
The Pararaton, meaning Book of Kings, is an anonymous Middle Javanese chronicle of the Singhasari and Majapahit kings, beginning with Ken Angrok, and a main source for Majapahit history.
Parareal algorithm
The parareal algorithm is a parallel-in-time integration method for time-dependent differential equations, introduced by Lions, Maday, and Turinici in 2001, which iteratively corrects a cheap coarse solution using fine computations run in parallel.
Paras Kalnawat
Paras Kalnawat, also Paras Kalnawat (पारस कलनावत), Indian television actor and model born 1996 in Bhandara; known as Samar in Anupamaa, Rajveer in Kundali Bhagya, and Aditya in Parineetii.
Paras Prasad
Paras N. Prasad, born 1946, is an Indian-born chemist and photonics researcher at the University at Buffalo known for nanophotonics and light-activated nanoparticles for cancer imaging and therapy.
Parasailing
Parasailing, also known as parascending or parakiting, is a recreational activity in which a motorboat tows a rider in a parachute-like canopy into the air.
Parasakthi (பராசக்தி) (1952 film)
Parasakthi (பராசக்தி, The Goddess) is a landmark 1952 Tamil drama directed by Krishnan–Panju, written by M. Karunanidhi, and starring Sivaji Ganesan in his debut; released 17 October 1952, it popularized DMK ideology and faced censorship controversy.
Parasakthi (பராசக்தி) (2026 film)
Parasakthi (பராசக்தி), a 2026 Tamil period political drama by Sudha Kongara starring Sivakarthikeyan, Ravi Mohan, Atharvaa, and Sreeleela, dramatizes the 1965 anti-Hindi imposition agitations; released 10 January 2026 after CBFC UA 16+ clearance.
Parasara Bhattar
Parasara Bhattar (பராசர பட்டர்) was a Sri Vaishnava acharya of Srirangam, born around 1062, named and installed as teacher by Ramanuja, and author of the Bhagavad Guna Darpanam.
Parasara-Madhaviya
The Parasara-Madhaviya (पराशर-माधवीय) is Madhavacharya's commentary on the Parasara Smriti, a Sanskrit work on Hindu social and religious law, still an authority on modern Hindu law in Southern India.
Parasaurolophus
Parasaurolophus, a Late Cretaceous North American lambeosaurine hadrosaur (77-73 Ma, ~9 m), named by Parks 1922, known for a hollow tubular head crest housing looped nasal passages, likely used for low-pitched sound and display.
Parasequence
A parasequence is a relatively conformable succession of genetically related beds bounded by marine flooding surfaces, recording one episode of shoreline progradation, introduced by Van Wagoner and colleagues in the 1980s.
Paraserianthes lophantha
Paraserianthes lophantha (crested wattle, plume albizia, stink bean) is the sole species of its mimosoid legume genus, native to SW Australia and Sumatra-Java-Lesser Sundas, with two subspecies, fire-stimulated hard seeds, and invasive status in South Africa, New Zealand and Australia.