All articles starting with P
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Phaedo (Φαίδων)
Phaedo (Φαίδων), Plato's middle-period dialogue on the soul, set on Socrates' last day in prison. Presents four arguments for the soul's immortality, the theory of Forms, and recollection, ending with Socrates' death by hemlock.
Phaedon Avouris
Phaedon Avouris is a Greek-trained chemical physicist at IBM who pioneered carbon nanotube logic circuits and gigahertz graphene transistors, and joined the National Academy of Sciences in 2017.
Phaedra (Φαίδρα) (mythology)
Phaedra (Φαίδρα, Phaidra), Cretan princess of Greek mythology: daughter of Minos and Pasiphaë, sister of Ariadne, wife of Theseus. Her doomed passion for stepson Hippolytus, his death by Poseidon's bull, and her suicide inspired Euripides, Seneca, and Racine.
Phaedra Parks
Phaedra Parks (born 1973, Athens, Georgia) is an American entertainment attorney and reality TV personality known for The Real Housewives of Atlanta (joined season 3, 2010; left 2017 over the Kandi Burruss rumor; returned 2025) and The Traitors season 2.
Phaedrus (tokamak)
Phaedrus-T is a moderate-sized research tokamak at the University of Wisconsin–Madison, operational around 1991, best known for the first experimental evidence of low-frequency current drive in a tokamak.
Phaedrus (Φαῖδρος) (dialogue)
Phaedrus (Φαῖδρος), Plato's dialogue between Socrates and Phaedrus on love, the soul, and rhetoric: three speeches on eros, the winged-chariot soul, philosophical rhetoric, and the critique of writing.
Phaenna Dorsum
Phaenna Dorsum is a 164-km-long ridge in southern Argyre Planitia, Mars, IAU-named in 1991 for one of the Greek Graces and interpreted as an esker, evidence of subglacial water flow beneath a large ice sheet.
Phaeo family
Phaeo family: main-belt asteroid family named for (322) Phaeo, identified by wavelet analysis of proper elements; formerly X-complex, reclassified by Gaia DR3 spectra as likely T-/D-type.
Phaeoceros
Phaeoceros (Prosk. 1951) is a cosmopolitan hornwort genus in Notothyladaceae, type species P. laevis, with about 34 species, one pyrenoid-bearing chloroplast per cell, no schizogenous cavities, and yellow spores.
Phaeodarea
Phaeodarea, or phaeodarians, are large marine protists of the phylum Cercozoa that build porous opaline silica skeletons and prey on sinking particles down to 8,000 m.
Phaeohyphomycosis
Phaeohyphomycosis, also called PHM or dark hyphal fungus infection, is a group of infections by melanized (dematiaceous) fungi appearing in tissue as dark septate hyphae or yeast-like cells, distinguished from chromoblastomycosis and mycetoma, ranging from subcutaneous cysts to fatal cerebral disease.
Phaethon (Φαέθων)
Phaethon (Φαέθων), "the shining one," is the Greek mythological son of Helios and Clymene who drove the sun chariot, scorched the earth, and was killed by Zeus's thunderbolt, falling into the river Eridanus.
Phaethornis
Phaethornis (hermit hummingbirds) is a genus of Trochilidae erected by Swainson in 1827; long-billed Neotropical trapliners including P. longirostris, P. guy, and P. mexicanus.
Phaeton (carriage)
The phaeton was a light, open, four-wheeled, doorless carriage of the 18th and 19th centuries, named after the mythological Phaëton and built for owners to drive themselves.
Phaeton Incident
The Phaeton Incident (フェートン号事件) was the forcible 1808 entry of the British warship HMS Phaeton into Nagasaki harbor, flying a Dutch flag and seizing two Dutch employees.
Phag
Phag (फाग), also spelled phaag, is a folk-poetic song genre sung at Holi and in spring across north and central India, and a verse form within Hindi literature.
Phage capsid
Phage capsid: the icosahedral protein shell of tailed dsDNA bacteriophages, built from the conserved HK97-fold (also in herpesviruses and encapsulins); HK97 prototype has a T=7 capsid of 420 gp5 subunits that matures by proteolysis, expansion, and isopeptide cross-linking into protein chainmail.
Phage capsid maturation and scaffold proteins
Phage capsid maturation is the conversion of a rounded phage procapsid into the angular, rigid head that holds the viral genome, guided by scaffolding proteins.
Phage display
Phage display: technique presenting peptides, proteins, or antibody fragments on bacteriophage coat proteins (pIII, pVIII), linking genotype to phenotype; developed by George P. Smith in 1985, 2018 Nobel Prize, basis of adalimumab and other antibody drugs.
Phage gene product 52
Phage gene product 52 (gp52) is the 52nd gene product of a given bacteriophage genome, not one protein; characterized gp52s include Fruitloop's Wag31-inactivating exclusion protein, Phi11 holin, T4 topoisomerase subunit, and N4 ejection protein.
Phage monographs
Phage monographs are book-length works on bacteriophages, bacterial viruses. Key titles include Molecular Biology of Bacteriophage T4 (ASM, 1994), Bacteriophages: Biology, Technology, Therapy (Springer, 2021), and Summers's The American Phage Group.
Phage P22 tailspike protein
Phage P22 tailspike protein (gp9), a 215-kDa thermostable homotrimeric adhesin of Salmonella phage P22, binds Salmonella O-antigen LPS, cleaves it with endorhamnosidase activity, and is a classic in vivo protein-folding model.
Phage therapy
Phage therapy is the use of bacteriophages, viruses that infect and kill bacteria, to treat or prevent bacterial infections in people, animals, and food, with no FDA-approved human product yet.
Phage typing
Phage typing is a microbiological method that identifies bacterial strains by testing which phages in a standardized panel can lyse them, used for epidemiological surveillance.
Phage virion architecture
Phage virion architecture describes how tailed phage particles are built from an icosahedral DNA-filled head and a tail that recognizes and infects the host cell.
Phage-assisted continuous evolution
Phage-assisted continuous evolution (PACE), also PANCE and PRANCE, is a David Liu lab method coupling directed evolution to M13 phage gIII-based selection, evolving proteins in E. coli at dozens of generations per day.
Phage-encoded virulence factor
Phage-encoded virulence factor: a bacterial virulence gene (diphtheria, cholera, Shiga toxins; Salmonella SopE) carried on a bacteriophage genome, transferred by transduction and regulated by prophage induction.
Phageome
A phageome is the community of bacteriophages present in a defined microbiome such as the human gut or oral cavity, and a subset of the virome.
PhagesDB
PhagesDB, also known as the Actinobacteriophage Database, is a database of bacteriophages infecting Actinobacteria, maintained by the Pittsburgh Bacteriophage Institute at the University of Pittsburgh since 2010, holding over 30,000 phages.
Phagocyte
Phagocytes are immune cells that kill microorganisms and remove debris, including professional white blood cells and non-professional cells like fibroblasts, noted by Metchnikoff.