All articles starting with P
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Plenty Coups
Plenty Coups (Alaxchiiaahush, "many achievements"), 1848–1932, last traditional chief of the Crow (Apsáalooke) Nation; Crow ally of the U.S. Army, defender of reservation land, and 1921 Tomb of the Unknown Soldier representative.
Plenum (architecture)
A plenum is an enclosed, unoccupiable cavity in a building, such as above a suspended ceiling, that moves air as part of the HVAC air distribution system.
Pleo
Pleo is a Danish financial-technology company founded in Copenhagen in 2015 by Jeppe Rindom and Niccolo Perra, providing smart company cards and expense software to over 40,000 businesses across Europe.
Pleochroism
Pleochroism is the selective absorption in crystals of light vibrating in different planes, so colored, doubly refracting crystals show different colors from different directions, as in iolite and tanzanite.
Pleolipoviridae
Pleolipoviridae: capsidless, pleomorphic enveloped DNA viruses (40–70 nm) of halophilic archaea; circular ssDNA, circular dsDNA, or linear dsDNA genomes of 7–17 kb; three genera, non-lytic persistent life cycle.
Pleomorphic adenoma
Pleomorphic adenoma (benign mixed tumor), the most common salivary gland tumor, up to 75% of parotid tumors; PLAG1/HMGA2 fusions, pseudocapsule with microscopic extensions, recurrence after enucleation 15–45%, risk of carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma.
Pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma
Pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma (PXA), a rare BRAF V600E-driven astrocytic brain tumor of children and young adults, WHO grade 2 or 3, usually temporal lobe, treated by resection.
Pleonasm
Pleonasm (Greek pleonasmos, "excess") is linguistic redundancy: using more words than necessary, as in "free gift" or "see with your eyes". Distinguished from tautology, it appears in syntactic and semantic types and can serve rhetorical emphasis.
Pleopeltis
Pleopeltis, a genus of about 96 polypody ferns (Polypodiaceae) native to the Americas, Africa, and Asia, includes the resurrection fern Pleopeltis polypodioides, which survives 95% water loss and revives within hours of rehydration.
Pleopeltis polypodioides
Pleopeltis polypodioides, the resurrection fern (syn. Polypodium polypodioides), is an epiphytic Polypodiaceae fern from S. Mexico to Tropical America that tolerates 95% water loss and revives within hours of rehydration.
Plerixafor
Plerixafor (trade name Mozobil, originally AMD3100) is a CXCR4 antagonist drug used with filgrastim to mobilize hematopoietic stem cells for transplantation in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and multiple myeloma.
Plerogyra sinuosa
Plerogyra sinuosa, the bubble or grape coral (basionym Euphyllia sinuosa Dana, 1846), is an Indo-West Pacific flabello-meandroid stony coral whose polyps inflate grape-like vesicles by day and feed with tentacles at night.
Pleroma
Pleroma D.Don is a genus of about 157 to 181 species of Melastomataceae shrubs and trees native from Puerto Rico to southern tropical America, resurrected from Tibouchina in 2019 and including the ornamental glory bush Pleroma urvilleanum.
Pleroma (software)
Pleroma is a free and open-source federated microblogging server written in Elixir, compatible with Mastodon, first released in 2019, and lightweight enough for a Raspberry Pi.
Plesetsk Cosmodrome
Plesetsk Cosmodrome (космодром Плесецк) is a Russian military spaceport in Arkhangelsk Oblast, the northernmost launch site in the world, first used for orbital launches in 1966.
Plesetsk Cosmodrome (Космодром Плесецк)
Plesetsk Cosmodrome, also known as Plesetsk Space Center, is a Russian military spaceport in the Arkhangelsk region, founded in 1957 as the Soviet Union's first operational ICBM base.
Pleshey
Pleshey is a village in central Essex, England, near Chelmsford, built within the earthworks of a Norman motte-and-bailey castle and planned medieval town enclosure, with a scheduled monument, fifteenth-century brick bridge, and 307 residents (2021).
Plesiadapis
Plesiadapis (Plesiadapis tricuspidens, P. cookei) is an extinct plesiadapiform primate-relative genus from the late Paleocene, about 56 million years ago, of North America and Europe, central to primate-origins debates.
Plesiomonas
Plesiomonas, sole species Plesiomonas shigelloides, is an oxidase-positive aquatic Gram-negative bacillus now placed in Enterobacteriaceae; it causes water- and seafood-borne gastroenteritis and rare bacteremia with 27.3% case fatality.
Plesiosaur
Plesiosaurs, extinct marine reptiles of Sauropterygia (not dinosaurs), swam with four flippers from the Late Triassic to 66 million years ago. Key species: Rhaeticosaurus, Elasmosaurus, Pliosaurus; gave birth to live young.
Plesiosaurus
Plesiosaurus dolichodeirus: Early Jurassic Lyme Regis marine reptile named by Conybeare (1824) from Mary Anning's 1823 holotype NHMUK 22656; today one valid species, a 3.5 m four-flipper underwater-flyer, not the Loch Ness-style rower.
Plessy v. Ferguson
Plessy v. Ferguson (163 U.S. 537, 1896) is the US Supreme Court case that upheld Louisiana's Separate Car Act and created the "separate but equal" doctrine; decided 7-1, Brown majority, Harlan dissent, overruled by Brown v. Board of Education (1954).
Plestiodon
Plestiodon, the blue-tailed skinks (formerly most species in Eumeces), is a genus of about 43 skink species across eastern Eurasia and North and Middle America, split into two Asian and one American clade, dispersed via Beringia roughly 18-30 Ma.
Plestiodon fasciatus
Plestiodon fasciatus, the common five-lined skink (formerly Eumeces fasciatus), a small striped lizard of eastern North America with blue-tailed juveniles, egg-brooding females, and endangered Canadian populations.
Plethodon
Plethodon (woodland salamanders, slimy salamanders) is a North American genus of about 58 lungless Plethodontidae species, split into western Hightonia and eastern Plethodon; the glutinosus group shows extensive hybridization and needs taxonomic revision.
Plethodontidae
Plethodontidae, the lungless salamanders, is the largest salamander family, with 524 species whose adults lack lungs and breathe through the skin, ranging from North America to South America, Europe, and Korea.
Plethysm
Plethysm is an operation on symmetric functions, written f[g], in which one symmetric function is substituted into another, introduced by D. E. Littlewood in 1936.
Plethysmograph
A plethysmograph is an instrument that measures changes in the volume of an object or body part, most often to track blood or air volume in medical testing.
Plethysmography
Plethysmography is the measurement and recording of volume changes in a body part, organ, or whole body, applied to lung volumes, body composition, and limb blood flow.
Plétipi
Lake Plétipi (Lac Pletipi) is one of the largest lakes of Quebec, Canada, in the remote Côte-Nord interior, with a 210-mile shoreline of spits and deeply indented bays.