All articles starting with P
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Pope Pius VII
Pope Pius VII, born Barnaba Chiaramonti, was pope from 1800 to 1823, concluding the Concordat of 1801 with Napoleon and later enduring imprisonment by him.
Pope Pius X
Pope Pius X, born Giuseppe Sarto, was head of the Catholic Church from 1903 until his death in 1914, known for liturgical reform, frequent Communion, and his campaign against Modernism.
Pope Pius XI
Pope Pius XI, born Achille Ratti, was head of the Catholic Church from 1922 to 1939, known for the Lateran Pacts of 1929 and encyclicals against fascism, Nazism, and communism.
Pope Pius XI and Germany
Pope Pius XI and Germany covers the Reichskonkordat signed with Hitler's government in 1933, its systematic violation, and the 1937 protest encyclical Mit brennender Sorge.
Pope Pius XII
Pope Pius XII, born Eugenio Pacelli, was head of the Roman Catholic Church from 1939 to 1958, a pontificate spanning World War II and the early Cold War.
Pope Pius XII and the Holocaust
Pope Pius XII and the Holocaust covers the contested record of Pope Pius XII's wartime knowledge, public silence, and the sheltering of Jews in Rome.
Pope Sergius I
Pope Sergius I (687–701), 84th bishop of Rome, born at Palermo of an Antiochene family; refused the Quinisext canons of 692, defied Justinian II's arrest attempt, baptized Caedwalla, and consecrated Willibrord for the Frisian mission.
Pope Sergius III
Pope Sergius III was bishop of Rome from 904 until his death in 911, taking the throne by force and beginning the papacy's Saeculum Obscurum.
Pope Shenouda III of Alexandria (نذير جايد روفيل)
Pope Shenouda III, born Nazeer Gayed Roufail, was the 117th Pope of Alexandria and Patriarch of the See of Saint Mark, leading the Coptic Orthodox Church from 1971 to 2012.
Pope Silverius
Pope Silverius, also known as Saint Silverius, was bishop of Rome from 536 to 537, the son of Pope Hormisdas, deposed and exiled by the Byzantines.
Pope Siricius
Pope Siricius, also known as Saint Siricius, was bishop of Rome from 384 to 399 and wrote the earliest surviving papal decretal, the 385 letter to Himerius of Tarragona.
Pope Sixtus IV
Pope Sixtus IV (Francesco della Rovere), 212th pope, reigned 1471–1484. Franciscan from Celle near Savona; restored the Sistine Chapel, founded the Vatican Library in practice, created the Capitoline collection, and set the pattern of Renaissance papal nepotism.
Pope Sixtus V
Pope Sixtus V, born Felice Peretti, reigned from 1585 to 1590, reorganized the Roman Curia into fifteen congregations, fixed the cardinals at seventy, and rebuilt Rome.
Pope Stephen I
Pope Stephen I, bishop of Rome 254-257, 23rd pope, ruled that heretical baptism was valid and forbade rebaptism, first pope to invoke Matthew 16:18 against Cyprian of Carthage; died 2 August 257, buried in the Catacomb of Callixtus.
Pope Stephen II
Pope Stephen II (715-757), also Stephen II (III), bishop of Rome 752-757; first pope to cross the Alps, anointed Pepin the Short in 754, and received the Donation of Pepin founding the Papal States.
Pope Stephen III
Pope Stephen III, also called Stephen IV, was pope from 768 until his death in 772, a Sicilian-born priest elected after the deposition of the antipope Constantine.
Pope Stephen IX
Pope Stephen IX (Stephen X), born Frederick of Lorraine, was the 154th pope, reigning 2/3 August 1057 to 29 March 1058; a Lotharingian reformer, Leo IX's chancellor, 1054 Constantinople legate, and abbot of Monte Cassino.
Pope Sylvester I
Pope Sylvester I, also known as Saint Sylvester, was bishop of Rome from 314 until his death in 335, the 33rd pope, whose pontificate saw the building of the Lateran and St Peter's basilicas under Constantine.
Pope Sylvester II
Pope Sylvester II, born Gerbert of Aurillac (c. 945–1003), was the 139th pope (999–1003) and the first French pope. A mathematician and astronomer educated in Catalonia, he popularized Indo-Arabic numerals, introduced the abacus and astrolabe to Europe, renounced the Donation of Constantine, and founded metropolitan sees in Poland and Hungary.
Pope Tawadros II of Alexandria
Pope Tawadros II of Alexandria, born Wagih Sobhi Baqi Suleiman, is the 118th leader of the Coptic Orthodox Church, chosen by altar lot in 2012 as successor to Pope Shenouda III.
Pope Theodore II
Pope Theodore II was the bishop of Rome for about twenty days in December 897, the 115th pope, who overturned the Cadaver Synod and rehabilitated Pope Formosus.
Pope Urban I
Pope Urban I, 17th bishop of Rome (pontificate 222–230), a Roman son of Pontianus who succeeded Callistus I under Alexander Severus; famed mainly through the legendary Cecilia story, with a disputed burial at Praetextatus or Callistus.
Pope Urban II
Pope Urban II, born Odo of Châtillon, was head of the Catholic Church from 1088 until 1099 and preached the First Crusade at the Council of Clermont in 1095.
Pope Urban III
Pope Urban III, born Umberto Crivelli of Milan (pontificate 25 November 1185 to October 1187), the 172nd pope; resided at Verona, clashed with Frederick Barbarossa over Henry's Sicilian marriage and coronation, and died at Ferrara.
Pope Urban IV
Pope Urban IV, born Jacques Pantaléon, reigned as pope from 1261 to 1264 and established the universal Feast of Corpus Christi with his bull Transiturus de hoc mundo.
Pope Urban V
Pope Urban V (Guillaume de Grimoard, c. 1310-1370), sixth Avignon pope (1362-1370), Benedictine canonist; attempted return to Rome 1367-1370, died at Avignon, beatified 1870.
Pope Urban VI
Pope Urban VI (Bartolomeo Prignano, c. 1318–1389), 202nd pope from 1378 to 1389, last non-cardinal elected pope; his break with the cardinals triggered the Great Western Schism and the Avignon antipope Clement VII.
Pope Urban VII
Pope Urban VII, born Giambattista Castagna, was pope for only 12 days in September 1590, the shortest recorded papal reign; he died of fever before his coronation.
Pope Urban VIII
Pope Urban VIII, born Maffeo Barberini, was head of the Catholic Church from 1623 to 1644, known for Baroque building in Rome, enriching his Barberini family, and condemning Galileo in 1633.
Pope Victor I
Pope Victor I, bishop of Rome c. 189–198/199, first African and Latin-speaking pope; forced the Quartodeciman Easter controversy with Asia Minor's Polycrates, held the earliest known Roman synod, and rebuked by Irenaeus.