All articles starting with P
28,818 articles
Post-metal
Post-metal, also called atmospheric sludge, is a heavy, atmospheric metal subgenre blending sludge and doom weight with post-rock's dynamics, developed in the United States in the mid-to-late 1990s.
Post-mission disposal
Post-mission disposal (PMD) is the set of end-of-life actions that move spent spacecraft and rocket stages to reentry, graveyard orbits, or Earth escape, with rules like the FCC's 5-year deorbit requirement.
Post-mortem photography
Post-mortem photography, also called memorial portraiture or memento mori photography, is the photographing of recently deceased people, common in the Victorian era and now mainly a forensic and bereavement practice.
Post-nasal drip
Post-nasal drip (postnasal drip syndrome, upper airway cough syndrome) is the sensation of mucus draining down the back of the throat, caused by allergies, infections, deviated septum, pregnancy, medications, or GERD, and once considered the leading cause of chronic cough.
Post-Newtonian metric expansion
The post-Newtonian metric expansion, or PN expansion, approximates the spacetime metric in general relativity as a series in the inverse speed of light for weak, slow systems.
Post-Newtonian N-body problem
The post-Newtonian N-body problem is the formulation and numerical integration of equations of motion for many-body gravitational systems with corrections beyond Newtonian gravity, ordered by powers of v/c.
Post-noise
Post-noise is a music-criticism term for currents following noise music: Stephen Graham's wide noise subgenre loosening noise orthodoxy, an informal tag for newer noise rock, and Tremblay's term for post-radical noise practice, linked to hypnagogic pop and vaporwave.
Post-nominal letters
Post-nominal letters, also called post-nominals or designatory letters, are credential abbreviations placed after a name (e.g. PhD, OBE, FRCGP), ordered by convention: honours, appointments, degrees, memberships.
Post-occupancy evaluation
Post-occupancy evaluation (POE) is the systematic assessment of how an occupied building performs and how occupants experience it, typically run 12 to 18 months after handover to inform operations and future design.
Post-painterly abstraction
Post-painterly abstraction is a term coined by critic Clement Greenberg in 1964 for abstract painting rejecting Abstract Expressionist brushwork in favor of open composition and clear color.
Post-perovskite
Post-perovskite is a high-pressure form of magnesium silicate, formed when bridgmanite transforms near Earth's core–mantle boundary; discovered in 2004, it explains the D″ seismic discontinuity.
Post-postmodernism
Post-postmodernism: umbrella term for successor theories to postmodernism, including metamodernism and Eshelman's performatism, covering literature, art, architecture, and philosophy since the 1990s.
Post-presidency of George W. Bush
Post-presidency of George W. Bush: since leaving office in 2009 he has lived in Dallas, led Haiti relief with Clinton, written Decision Points, founded the Bush Institute, taken up painting, and partly recovered his public standing.
Post-production
Post-production is the final film and TV production stage after principal photography, covering picture editing, sound design and mixing, visual effects, and color grading, delivered through offline and online editing workflows.
Post-publication peer review
Post-publication peer review (PPPR) is the evaluation of a research paper by expert peers after publication rather than before, on platforms such as PubPeer or at journals like eLife.
Post-punk
Post-punk: late-1970s/early-1980s genre growing out of punk rock, also called the post-punk era; kept DIY ethics but added experimental art-school sounds, dub and funk rhythms, and melodic bass, distinct from new wave's pop orientation.
Post-punk revival
Post-punk revival, also called garage rock revival, is an indie rock genre inspired by post-punk, new wave, and garage rock that broke mainstream in 2001.
Post-quantum cryptography
Post-quantum cryptography, also known as quantum-resistant cryptography, is cryptography designed to resist attacks from both classical and future quantum computers, replacing RSA and elliptic curve systems.
Post-quantum digital signature
A post-quantum digital signature, or post-quantum signature, is a signature scheme designed to stay unforgeable against attackers with large-scale quantum computers; NIST standardizes ML-DSA, SLH-DSA, and FN-DSA, replacing RSA and elliptic-curve signatures by 2035.
Post-rock
Post-rock is experimental rock using rock instruments for texture and crescendos rather than riffs; term coined by Simon Reynolds in 1994, with key records Talk Talk's Laughing Stock, Slint's Spiderland, and Tortoise's Millions Now Living Will Never Die.
Post-segregation antitoxin CcdA
CcdA is the labile antitoxin of the ccd toxin-antitoxin module on the E. coli F plasmid, the first TA system found. It neutralizes the gyrase-poisoning CcdB toxin; its Lon-protease degradation after plasmid loss drives post-segregational killing.
Post-selection inference
Post-selection inference, also called selective inference, is a collection of statistical methods giving valid confidence intervals and tests for parameters chosen after a data-driven selection step.
Post-selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor sexual dysfunction
Post-SSRI sexual dysfunction (PSSD), also called post-selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor sexual dysfunction, is persistent genital numbness, pleasureless orgasm, low libido, and erectile dysfunction continuing after stopping SSRIs or SNRIs; recognized by the EMA in 2019, estimated risk about 0.46%.
Post-SET domain
Post-SET domain: cysteine-rich region C-terminal to the SET domain of histone lysine methyltransferases; three conserved cysteines coordinate a catalytic zinc ion and form part of the substrate lysine channel.
Post-silicon validation
Post-silicon validation is the process of detecting and fixing bugs in integrated circuits after manufacture, on physical silicon rather than simulation, a distinct and critical phase of design verification in the SoC era.
Post-socialism
Post-socialism, also called post-communism, is the period and study of societies after socialist regimes in eastern Europe and parts of Asia collapsed around 1989 to 1991.
Post-Soviet film studio restructuring
Post-Soviet film studio restructuring: the 1987–2012 transformation of Soviet-era film studios (Mosfilm, Lenfilm, Gorky, Barrandov, Kazakhfilm) from centralized state funding to self-financing, corporatization, and partial privatization, including the 1989 decree No. 1003 and Russia's 2001 Decree No. 389.
Post-Soviet states
The 15 independent countries formed from the former Soviet republics after the USSR dissolved on December 25, 1991; also called the former Soviet Union (FSU), with divergent EU-integrating Baltic, Central Asian, and CIS-aligned trajectories.
Post-stratification
Post-stratification is a survey-estimation technique in which a sample is classified into strata after data collection and combined using population stratum weights taken from a census or other external source.
Post-stroke depression
Post-stroke depression (PSD) is depressive disorder arising after stroke, affecting about one-third of survivors. Key facts: 27% pooled prevalence, onset mostly within 3 months, controversial lesion-location hypothesis, PHQ-9/HDRS screening, antidepressant and psychological treatment evidence.