All articles starting with P
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Public Enemy
Public Enemy is an American hip hop group formed in 1985 in Hempstead, New York. Led by Chuck D and Flavor Flav, they are known for politically charged lyrics.
Public Enemy (공공의 적) (2002 film)
Public Enemy (공공의 적) is a 2002 South Korean crime action film by Kang Woo-suk, starring Sul Kyung-gu as corrupt detective Kang Chul-joong pursuing fund manager-murderer Cho Gyu-hwan (Lee Sung-jae); Cinema Service release, award-winning, with two sequels.
Public Establishment of Electricity Generation
The Public Establishment of Electricity Generation is Syria's state body owning and operating the country's thermal power plants; created in 1994, it was merged into the Syrian Electricity Company in 2026.
Public Examinations (Prevention of Unfair Means) Act, 2024
The Public Examinations (Prevention of Unfair Means) Act (2024) is a central Indian statute criminalizing organized cheating and fraud, carrying penalties of up to ten years since its enactment.
Public execution
Public execution: capital punishment carried out before public spectators, the default for millennia until 19th-20th century reforms (Britain 1868, last US case 1936, France 1939) moved killings behind prison walls; now restricted under international law.
Public executions in Iran
Public executions in Iran (اعدام در ملاء عام) are state hangings at dawn in public squares, often from truck-mounted cranes. Discretionary rather than legally required, they numbered 59 in 2013, 4 in 2024, and at least 10 in 2025.
Public Facilities Privacy & Security Act
Public Facilities Privacy & Security Act (North Carolina House Bill 2, SL 2016-3), 2016 statute requiring multiple-occupancy restrooms by birth-certificate sex and preempting local LGBT nondiscrimination ordinances; challenged federally, replaced by House Bill 142 in 2017.
Public finance
Public finance, also known as government finance or state finance, is the branch of economics that studies government taxing and spending and their effects on efficiency and income distribution.
Public float
Public float, also called free float, is the portion of a company's shares outstanding that outside investors can actually trade, and it determines index weighting.
Public Force (Monaco)
Public Force (Force Publique) is the uniformed corps of the Principality of Monaco, comprising the Prince's Carabiners and Firefighters Corps, whose members hold the legal status of soldiers.
Public Garden
A public garden is a cultivated green space holding living plant collections open to visitors for education, recreation, conservation, and display, covering botanical gardens and arboreta.
Public good (economics)
In economics, a public good is a good that is both non-rivalrous and non-excludable, like national defense or street lighting, so private markets underprovide it and free riding results.
Public goods game
The public goods game is a laboratory social dilemma where players decide how much of an endowment to contribute to a group project, the standard experiment on cooperation and free riding.
Public grocery store
A public grocery store, also called a city-owned grocery store, is a grocery run under public, nonprofit, or cooperative models, often where private supermarkets have left.
Public health
Public health: the science of protecting and improving the health of whole populations through prevention, surveillance, and health promotion, distinct from individual clinical care; frameworks include the IOM core functions, CDC's 10 Essential Services, and WHO's 12 essential public health functions.
Public Health Act
The Public Health Act 1848 was the first general English sanitation statute, creating a General Board of Health and local boards for water supply, sewerage, and drainage.
Public Health Act 1875
The Public Health Act 1875 was a United Kingdom Act that consolidated English sanitary law, made previously optional duties compulsory, and served as the main public health framework until 1936.
Public Health Act 1936
The Public Health Act 1936 is a United Kingdom Act that consolidated public health law for England and Wales, replacing about 600 sections with roughly 350.
Public Health Administration
Public Health Administration is the management of public health organizations and agencies (MeSH D011635), covering assessment, policy development, and assurance functions, agency governance, performance measurement, and the history of governmental public health infrastructure.
Public Health Agency of Canada
Public Health Agency of Canada (PHAC, Agence de la santé publique du Canada), the federal public health agency created September 2004 after the SARS outbreak, led by a President and the Chief Public Health Officer, handling disease control, health promotion, and emergency response.
Public Health Department
Public Health Department: Tamil Nadu's Directorate of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, India's first separate public health directorate (1922), and Greater Chennai Corporation's municipal Public Health Department, covering primary care, disease control, and surveillance.
Public health emergency of international concern
A public health emergency of international concern (PHEIC) is a formal determination by the WHO Director-General that a disease event requires a coordinated international response.
Public Health Infrastructure
Public health infrastructure: the workforce, information systems, and organizational resources enabling public health agencies to perform core functions; includes the 10 Essential Public Health Services and WHO building blocks frameworks.
Public Health Institute
Public Health Institute (PHI), founded 1964 in Oakland, CA, is a large 501(c)(3) public health nonprofit and fiscal sponsor with 40+ programs, $258.3M FY2024 revenue, 1,164 employees, and programs like CA Bridge and the Children's Oncology Group Coordinating Center.
Public Health Laboratory
The Public Health Laboratory (公共卫生化验所; LSP) is the government laboratory of Macao, China, founded in 1985, which tests for infectious diseases, food safety, and water quality.
Public health nursing
Public health nursing, often used interchangeably with community health nursing, is a specialty combining nursing, social, and public health science to improve population health through prevention, coined by Lillian Wald in the 1890s.
Public health nutrition
Public health nutrition is the field that applies nutrition science to populations rather than individual patients, designing and evaluating programs and policies to improve nutritional quality and food security.
Public Health Practice
Public health practice: organized community-level activities of public health services, defined in MeSH (D015980, 1998). Covers core functions (assessment, policy development, assurance), the 10 Essential Public Health Services, surveillance, and evidence-based implementation.
Public health research
Public health research: systematic study of population health and interventions to improve it, using epidemiological, qualitative, and mixed methods; also the NIHR open-access journal Public Health Research (ISSN 2050-439X), launched 2013, Southampton.
Public health surveillance
Public health surveillance, also called epidemiological or syndromic surveillance, is the ongoing, systematic collection, analysis, and dissemination of health data, described as "information for action" against disease.