All articles starting with R
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Reclam Universal-Bibliothek
Reclams Universal-Bibliothek is a German paperback series of classics and educational texts published by Philipp Reclam jun., launched in Leipzig in 1867 with Goethe's Faust I as volume 1.
Reclining Buddha (Wat Pho)
Phra Buddha Saiyas (พระพุทธไสยาสน์), the Reclining Buddha of Wat Pho, is a 46-meter-long gilded Buddha image in Bangkok, commissioned by King Rama III in 1832.
Reclining Buddha of Gal Vihara
The Reclining Buddha of Gal Vihara is a 14.12-meter granite Buddha lying on his right side, carved in the 12th century under King Parakramabahu I at Polonnaruwa, Sri Lanka.
Recloser
A recloser is an automatic switching device on electric power lines that interrupts fault current and recloses to test whether the fault has cleared, locking open if it persists.
Reclosing
Reclosing, also called automatic reclosing or auto-reclose, automatically re-closes a tripped circuit breaker in power systems, restoring service after temporary overhead-line faults such as lightning strikes.
Recluse spider
Recluse spiders, genus Loxosceles, are venomous spiders whose bites can cause loxoscelism, a slowly healing necrotic skin ulcer; the best known species is the American brown recluse.
Recode
Recode is the name of several unrelated software products and technical terms, best known as a technology news site founded by Kara Swisher and Walt Mossberg.
Recoflavone
Recoflavone (DA-6034, AJU-S56, GLH8NDE) is a synthetic eupatilin-derived flavonoid drug from Korea's Dong-A Pharmaceutical, developed for gastritis and dry eye disease, with minimal oral absorption and a phase III dry eye trial NCT06291194.
Recogni
Recogni is a San Jose and Munich AI inference chip startup founded in 2017, which moved from autonomous driving to data-center generative-AI inference as Tensordyne.
Recognition and learning in paper wasps
Recognition and learning in paper wasps: Polistes fuscatus learns individual nestmate faces via variable facial patterns, unlike P. metricus; face learning requires social experience, shows no sensitive period, and varies geographically with cooperation.
Recognition and suspension of National Paralympic Committees
Recognition of National Paralympic Committees is the process by which the International Paralympic Committee admits a national body as the sole representative of the Paralympic Movement.
Recognition memory test
A recognition memory test is a behavioral paradigm in which a person studies a list of items and later judges each as old or new, measuring episodic memory accuracy.
Recognition of foreign adoption orders
Recognition of foreign adoption orders is the set of private-international-law rules by which one state gives legal effect to an adoption finalized in another, so the parent-child relationship survives the border.
Recognition of foreign divorces
Recognition of foreign divorces is the body of rules by which a state gives legal effect to a divorce granted by another country's courts or authorities.
Recognition of foreign divorces in Commonwealth jurisdictions
Recognition of foreign divorces in Commonwealth jurisdictions is how Commonwealth courts treat divorces granted abroad, mainly through domicile, residence tests, and the 1970 Hague Convention.
Recognition of same-sex unions in Europe
Recognition of same-sex unions in Europe covers marriage, registered partnerships, civil unions, and cohabitation statuses. Denmark pioneered registered partnerships in 1989; the Netherlands led on marriage in 2001; the ECtHR (Fedotova) and CJEU (Coman, C-713/23) drive cross-border recognition.
Recognition of same-sex unions in Italy
Recognition of same-sex unions in Italy: civil unions (unioni civili) under the Cirinnà law 76/2016, in force 5 June 2016, following Constitutional Court judgment 138/2010 and ECtHR Oliari v. Italy (2015); no same-sex marriage, adoption excluded, 2,936 unions in 2024.
Recognition of same-sex unions in Liechtenstein
Recognition of same-sex unions in Liechtenstein: registered partnerships since September 1, 2011 (68.8% referendum approval) and same-sex marriage under the amended Marriage Act from January 1, 2025, making Liechtenstein the last German-speaking country with marriage for all.
Recognition of same-sex unions in the Czech Republic
Same-sex unions in the Czech Republic (registrované partnerství, now partnerství) are recognized via registered partnership from 2006 and a Civil Code partnership from 1 January 2025, largely equal to marriage but without same-sex marriage itself.
Recognition of talaq in secular courts
Recognition of talaq in secular courts is the process by which civil judiciaries decide whether a unilateral Islamic divorce pronounced abroad dissolved a marriage for their own law.
Recognizance
Recognizance: a recorded court obligation in Anglo-American law binding a person (recognizor) to perform an act, usually to appear in court, on pain of a money forfeiture; basis of bail and release on one's own recognizance.
Recoil
Recoil is the backward momentum an object feels when it exerts a force on another, such as a gun pushing back when it fires a bullet.
Recoil mechanism
A recoil mechanism is the gun assembly that absorbs the rearward force of firing and returns the barrel to position, first fielded on the French 75 mm gun of 1897.
Recoil operation
Recoil operation is a firearm operating principle in which the gun's own recoil cycles the action, first put to practical use in Hiram Maxim's 1884 machine gun.
Recoiling black hole
A recoiling black hole is one given a velocity kick by anisotropic gravitational-wave emission during a binary black hole merger, potentially displacing or ejecting it from its host galaxy.
Recoilless rifle
A recoilless rifle, or recoilless gun, is a light weapon that vents propellant gas backward to cancel recoil, giving infantry artillery-sized firepower from World War II onward.
Recollision
Recollision is the return of an electron, freed from an atom or molecule by a strong laser field, to its parent ion within about one optical cycle.
Recombinant 8 syndrome
Recombinant 8 syndrome, or San Luis Valley syndrome, is a rare chromosomal disorder from a parental pericentric inversion of chromosome 8, causing heart defects, intellectual disability, and craniofacial features, mainly in Hispanic families of the Southwestern United States.
Recombinant bovine basic fibroblast growth factor (topical)
Recombinant bovine basic fibroblast growth factor (rb-bFGF, 贝复济/贝复新) is a topical E. coli-derived wound-healing biologic for burns, ulcers, and fresh wounds, first approved in China in 1998.
Recombinant bovine lactoferrin
Recombinant bovine lactoferrin (rbLf, precision-fermented bovine lactoferrin) is cow-milk lactoferrin made in engineered Komagataella phaffii; FDA issued no-questions GRAS letters for GRN 1219 (2025) and GRN 1284 (All G, 2026) for food uses, excluding infant formula.