All articles starting with S
44,216 articles
State University of New York
State University of New York (SUNY), New York State's public university system, established 1948; 64 campuses including 29 state-operated, five statutory, and 30 community colleges; 387,446 students Fall 2025; governed by an 18-member Board of Trustees.
State University of New York at Purchase
SUNY Purchase (Purchase College), a public college in Purchase, New York, founded 1967 by Nelson Rockefeller; combines arts conservatories with liberal arts on a 500-acre campus 35 miles north of NYC.
State University of New York College of Environmental Science and Forestry
SUNY ESF (SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry) is a public R2 doctoral college in Syracuse, New York, founded 1911 as a forestry college, with 25,000 acres of regional properties and the 1912 Ranger School in the Adirondacks.
State visit
A state visit is a formal visit by one head of state to another at the host's invitation, carrying the greatest diplomatic ceremony two nations can exchange.
State visit by Charles III to the United States
State visit by Charles III and Queen Camilla to the United States, April 27–30, 2026, hosted by Donald Trump; first British monarchical state visit in nearly two decades, marking America's 250th independence anniversary, with a joint address to Congress.
State visit by Nikita Khrushchev to the United States
Khrushchev's 1959 US state visit, September 15–27, first Soviet leader in America; invited by Eisenhower, toured New York, California, Iowa, Camp David; ended by 1960 U-2 incident.
State visits made by Narendra Modi
State visits made by Narendra Modi are his bilateral trips as Indian prime minister: 99 visits to 78 countries since 2014, including the first by an Indian leader to Ukraine.
State-independent contextuality
State-independent contextuality is a form of quantum contextuality in which a set of measurements conflicts with non-contextual hidden-variable assignments for every quantum state, resting on the Kochen–Specker theorem.
State-level waterfall inventories in the United States
A state-level waterfall inventory is a compiled catalog of the waterfalls of one or more U.S. states, built by federal agencies, state surveys, or volunteer projects.
State-of-the-art review
A state-of-the-art review (SotA review) is a narrative literature review that synthesizes the most recent research on a topic, showing current knowledge, its development, and future directions.
State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission
The State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission (SASAC, 国务院国有资产监督管理委员会) is China's State Council authority acting as shareholder in non-financial state-owned enterprises, supervising 96 central SOEs since its creation in 2003.
State-owned enterprise
State-owned enterprise (SOE), also called public enterprise or state enterprise: a commercial firm owned or controlled by a government, common in energy, utilities, and finance; defined by OECD ownership-or-control criteria, with a one-third average productivity gap versus private firms.
State-population monotonicity
State-population monotonicity: apportionment axiom barring a growing state from losing a seat to a shrinking one (population paradox). Divisor methods satisfy it; Balinski-Young shows quota and this monotonicity are incompatible.
State-religious education in Israel
State-religious education, known in Hebrew as mamlachti dati, is a religiously observant track of Israel's state school system, established under the State Education Law of 1953.
State-space representation
State-space representation, also called a state-space model, is a mathematical model of a dynamical system that replaces one high-order differential equation with coupled first-order equations in matrix form.
State-space search
State-space search is a family of algorithms in artificial intelligence that explore a problem's possible states to find a path from an initial state to a goal state.
State-sponsored terrorism
State-sponsored terrorism, also called state sponsorship of terrorism, is direct or indirect government support for terrorist acts or organizations, usually covert, to advance political or strategic goals against other countries.
State-to-state reaction dynamics
State-to-state reaction dynamics is the branch of molecular collision science in which reactants and products of a chemical reaction are prepared and detected in specific quantum states.
State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory
The State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory (STAXI) is a self-report questionnaire measuring momentary anger, trait anger, and anger expression; its 1999 revision, the STAXI-2, is the most commonly used anger measure.
State-Trait Anxiety Inventory
The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), developed by Charles Spielberger and published in 1970, is a 40-item self-report questionnaire that separately measures momentary state anxiety and stable trait anxiety.
State, tribal and local wetland regulation in the United States
State, tribal, and local wetland regulation in the United States is the state, tribal, and local laws protecting wetlands outside federal Clean Water Act jurisdiction.
Stateful firewall
A stateful firewall, also called a stateful inspection or SPI firewall, is a network firewall that filters traffic using a state table it maintains about each connection.
Stateful stream processing
Stateful stream processing: continuous computation over unbounded data streams where operators maintain mutable state (windows, joins, aggregates). Key mechanisms are checkpointing, exactly-once recovery, LSM-tree or decoupled state backends, and transactional guarantees in systems like Flink and Kafka Streams.
Stateless (TV series)
Stateless is a 2020 Australian six-part drama miniseries co-created by Cate Blanchett, Tony Ayres, and Elise McCredie, set in the Barton immigration detention centre and inspired by the Cornelia Rau unlawful detention case; it aired on ABC and Netflix and won AACTA awards.
Stateless nation
Stateless nation: an ethnic or national group, such as the Kurds (~30 million across Turkey, Iraq, Iran, Syria) or Palestinians, sharing identity and homeland but lacking a sovereign state; distinct from individual statelessness.
Stateless protocol
A stateless protocol is a communications protocol in which each request is handled independently, with no session information retained by the receiver between requests. HTTP is the defining example.
Stateless society
Stateless societies are communities that maintain order, settle disputes, and organize collective life without centralized government, through kinship, custom law, mediation, and persuasion; classic examples include the Ifugao and pre-colonial African segmentary societies.
Statelessness
Statelessness: the condition of having no nationality under any state's law, defined by the 1954 Convention. At least 4.5 million people are affected worldwide; causes include discriminatory nationality laws, state succession, and missing birth registration.
Statement (computer science)
In computer science, a statement, also called a program statement, is a fragment of a program executed for its effect rather than to produce a value.
Statement (logic)
A statement in logic is a declarative sentence, or part of one, that is capable of being true or false, and the basic unit of propositional logic.