All articles starting with S
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SolidJS
SolidJS is a declarative JavaScript library for building user interfaces, created by Ryan Carniato and first released as version 1.0 in June 2021. It uses fine-grained reactivity to update the DOM directly, without a virtual DOM.
SolidSail
SolidSail is a wind propulsion system for large ships developed by the French shipyard Chantiers de l'Atlantique, using rigid composite sails on tilting carbon masts.
Solidus (coin)
The solidus (aureus solidus, nomisma) was Constantine I's gold coin of about 4.5 g, struck at 72 to the Roman pound from 312 CE and the Byzantine standard for roughly 700 years until the hyperpyron.
SOLIDWORKS
SOLIDWORKS is a parametric, feature-based 3D CAD program for mechanical product design, founded in 1993 and acquired by Dassault Systèmes in 1997 for about $310 million.
Solifenacin
Solifenacin (Vesicare) is an M3-selective antimuscarinic, 5 or 10 mg once daily, approved in 2004 for adult overactive bladder; dry mouth and constipation are its main adverse effects, and it combines with mirabegron.
Solifluction
Solifluction is the slow downslope movement of soil in cold, non-glacial environments, driven by freeze-thaw action in fine-textured soils, a term coined by Johan Gunnar Andersson in 1906.
Solifugae
Solifugae, camel spiders, sun spiders, or wind scorpions: an order of over 1,200 arachnid species, neither spiders nor scorpions, defined by enormous chelicerae, no venom, tracheal breathing, racquet organs, and extreme speed in arid habitats.
Solihull
Solihull is a West Midlands town and administrative centre of the Metropolitan Borough of Solihull, England. Founded as a late 12th-century planted borough near the Domesday manors of Ulverlei and Longdon, it became a Birmingham commuter town; borough population 216,200 (2021).
Solihull Moors F.C.
Solihull Moors F.C., "The Moors", English National League club formed 2007 from the merger of Moor Green and Solihull Borough; plays at Damson Park, Solihull; National League North champions 2015/16; chairman Darryl Eales.
Solihull School
Solihull School is a coeducational independent day school for ages 3-18 in Solihull, West Midlands, founded in 1560, on its 40-acre Warwick Road site since 1882, merged with Saint Martin's in 2020, ISI-inspected 2024, TES Independent Senior School of the Year 2024.
Solin
Solin, Croatia: town in Split-Dalmatia County on the ruins of ancient Salona, Roman provincial capital destroyed around 614; 24,912 residents (2021), Croatia's youngest town, heritage-tourism center.
Solin oil (low-linolenic flaxseed oil)
Solin oil, also called low-linolenic flaxseed oil or Linola, is edible flax oil with under 5% linolenic acid and about 70% linoleic acid; GRAS Notice No. 2 (1998), used as cooking, frying, and salad oil.
Solingen
Solingen, the Klingenstadt (City of Blades), is a kreisfreie city in North Rhine-Westphalia near Wuppertal and Remscheid, with about 164,600 residents, town rights from 1374, and Germany's historic center of cutlery and blade manufacturing.
Solino
Solino is a 2002 German-Italian drama directed by Fatih Akin, written by Ruth Toma, about the Amato family, Italian guest workers who open the Ruhr district's first pizzeria; brothers Gigi and Giancarlo split over love and a film career.
Solipsism
Solipsism (from Latin solus ipse, oneself alone) is the doctrine that only one's own mind exists or is knowable. Covers epistemological and metaphysical forms, methodological solipsism in psychology, Wittgenstein's critique, and Carnap's pseudo-statement objection.
Solis Dorsa
Solis Dorsa is an IAU-named wrinkle ridge system on Mars, about 878 km across in Solis Planum, Thaumasia, with 100-300 m relief ridges formed by crustal compression and thrust faulting.
Solis Planum
Solis Planum is a 1700-km-wide volcanic plain in Mars' Thaumasia region, south of Valles Marineris; an IAU-approved classical albedo name (1973) known for ~40-km-spaced wrinkle ridges and a ~65-km-thick differentiated crust.
Solitaire wargame
A solitaire wargame is a board wargame built for a single player, in which cards, dice, chits, or written AI rules control the enemy forces instead of a human opponent.
Solitary bee
A solitary bee is a bee species in which each female alone builds and provisions her nest; about 77% of the world's 20,000 bee species are solitary.
Solitary bone cyst
The solitary bone cyst, also called unicameral bone cyst or simple bone cyst, is a benign, fluid-filled cavity in bone that weakens it and often causes fracture in children.
Solitary confinement
Solitary confinement is imprisonment alone for 22 or more hours daily without meaningful human contact. Also called restrictive housing; defined by the Mandela Rules, which prohibit indefinite or prolonged (over 15-day) isolation, it originated in Philadelphia's Pennsylvania System and is linked to psychological harm and suicide.
Solitary fibrous tumor
Solitary fibrous tumor (SFT), formerly called hemangiopericytoma, is a rare fibroblastic mesenchymal neoplasm with staghorn vessels and the pathognomonic NAB2-STAT6 fusion on 12q13, diagnosed by STAT6 and CD34 immunohistochemistry.
Solitary necrotic nodule of the liver
Solitary necrotic nodule of the liver (SNNL) is a rare benign liver lesion with an entirely necrotic, often calcified core in a fibrous capsule, first described in 1983.
Solitary nucleus
Solitary nucleus (nucleus tractus solitarii, NTS): dorsomedial medulla gray matter receiving visceral and taste afferents via cranial nerves VII, IX, X; first relay for baroreflex, respiration, and gut reflexes, using glutamatergic vagal input.
Solitary rectal ulcer syndrome
Solitary rectal ulcer syndrome (SRUS), also called solitary ulcer of the rectum, is a rare benign rectal disorder from mucosal prolapse and ischemia, causing bleeding, mucus, and straining; treated with biofeedback, medication, or surgery.
Solitary waves in granular chains
Solitary waves in granular chains are localized pulses of compressive force along elastic particle arrays. They propagate without changing shape due to the nonlinear Hertz contact law.
Solithromycin
Solithromycin (CEM-101, T-4288) is a fluoroketolide, fourth-generation macrolide antibiotic with three ribosomal binding sites, developed for pneumonia and gonorrhea; US and EU development halted in 2016-2017 over liver-safety concerns, with an NDA filed in Japan.
Soliton
A soliton, or soliton wave, is a localized wave pulse that keeps its shape and emerges from collisions with other solitons unchanged, behaving like a particle.
Soliton (optics)
An optical soliton is a pulse of light that propagates through an optical fiber without changing shape, because dispersion and the Kerr nonlinearity exactly compensate each other.
Soliton microcomb
A temporal soliton microcomb is an optical frequency comb from a micrometer-scale resonator, where soliton light pulses circulate indefinitely, bringing frequency-comb metrology to compact, low-power photonic devices.