All articles starting with S
44,216 articles
Special police
Special police covers volunteer constables (UK Special Constabulary, est. 1831, full powers), privately commissioned DC Special Police Officers, UN specialized police teams of 2 to 15 seconded experts, quasi-military state forces, and domain-specific national forces.
Special Protection Group
India's Special Protection Group (SPG) is a Cabinet Secretariat armed force providing proximate security to the Prime Minister, former Prime Ministers, and their immediate families; raised 1985, statutory under the SPG Act 1988, amended 2019.
Special protection scheme
A special protection scheme (SPS), also known as a remedial action scheme (RAS) or system integrity protection scheme (SIPS), detects abnormal grid conditions and takes corrective actions such as tripping generators or shedding load.
Special purpose entity
A special purpose entity, also called a special purpose vehicle or SPV, is a legal entity created for a narrow transaction, often isolated from its sponsor's bankruptcy risk.
Special reconnaissance
Special reconnaissance is a military term for reconnaissance and surveillance in hostile, denied, or politically sensitive environments, using capabilities not normally found in conventional forces.
Special Reconnaissance Regiment
Special Reconnaissance Regiment (SRR), UK special forces unit formed 6 April 2005 after the SDR New Chapter; absorbed 14th Intelligence Company; recruits all services, women included; covert surveillance.
Special Region of Yogyakarta
The Special Region of Yogyakarta (Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta, DIY) is a special-status province of Indonesia, formed when the Yogyakarta Sultanate and Paku Alaman principality joined the republic in 1945.
Special Relationship
The Special Relationship is the exceptionally close US-UK political, defense, nuclear, and intelligence partnership, a term coined by Winston Churchill in the 1940s, anchored by the 1958 Mutual Defence Agreement, 1963 Polaris Sales Agreement, and UKUSA intelligence sharing, and marked by strains such as Suez, Skybolt, and Iraq.
Special relativity
Special relativity is the physical theory proposed by Albert Einstein in 1905, resting on constant light speed and yielding time dilation and E = mc2.
Special Report on Emissions Scenarios
The Special Report on Emissions Scenarios (SRES) is a 2000 IPCC report presenting 40 scenarios of future greenhouse gas emissions to 2100, serving as standard inputs for climate projections until replaced by the RCPs.
Special right triangle
A special right triangle is a right triangle whose angles are either 45-45-90 or 30-60-90, so its side ratios are fixed constants expressible exactly with square roots.
Special Service Group
Special Service Group (SSG), Pakistan Army special operations force also called Maroon Berets, with naval counterpart SSG(N) founded 1967; formed mid-1950s with US help, garrisons Tarbela and Cherat, SOTF counter-terrorism unit.
Special Transcaucasian Committee
The Special Transcaucasian Committee (OZAKOM) was the civil governing body of the South Caucasus established by the Russian Provisional Government in March 1917, sitting in Tiflis.
Special Tribunal for Lebanon
Special Tribunal for Lebanon (المحكمة الخاصة بلبنان), UN tribunal under resolution 1757 (2007) trying the 2005 Rafik Hariri assassination; sat near The Hague, used trials in absentia, convicted three Hezbollah members, closed 31 December 2023.
Special unitary group
The special unitary group SU(n), also called the unitary unimodular group, is the group of n × n unitary matrices with determinant 1, of dimension n² − 1.
Special wards of Tokyo (特別区)
Special wards of Tokyo (特別区, tokubetsuku): the 23 municipalities of eastern Tokyo, Japan's only special wards, basic local public entities since 2000, with water, sewerage, and firefighting handled by the Tokyo Metropolitan Government.
Special warfare combatant-craft crewmen
Special warfare combatant-craft crewmen, or SWCC, are specially trained US Navy special operations forces who operate combatant craft in maritime, coastal, and riverine environments, descended from Vietnam-era riverine units.
Special Warfare insignia
Special Warfare insignia: the Navy SEAL "Trident," a gold breast pin of eagle, anchor, flintlock pistol, and trident adopted in 1969, awarded after BUD/S and SQT; related silver SWCC "Warboat" pin for boat crewmen.
Special Week
Special Week (スペシャルウィーク) was a Japanese Thoroughbred racehorse by Sunday Silence who won the 1998 Japanese Derby, and in 1999 the two Tenno Sho races and the Japan Cup.
Special-purpose acquisition company
A special-purpose acquisition company, also called a blank check company, is a shell company that raises money in an IPO and merges with a private company within about two years.
Specialist (rank)
Specialist, also known as Specialist Four (SPC), is a United States Army enlisted rank at pay grade E-4, the same grade as corporal but without noncommissioned officer status.
Specialist Firearms Command
Specialist Firearms Command (MO19, formerly SO19, CO19, SCO19) is the Metropolitan Police's firearms unit, providing armed response, ARVs, SFO and CTSFO teams for unarmed London policing.
Specialist legal practice
Specialist legal practice is the organization of lawyers' work around a defined field of law like tax or intellectual property, through certification, self-designation, or market specialization.
Specialized Bicycle Components
Specialized Bicycle Components, also known as Specialized Bicycles, is an American bicycle maker founded by Mike Sinyard in 1974 and based in Morgan Hill, California.
Specialized high schools in New York City
Nine selective NYC public high schools, eight admitting solely by the SHSAT exam under the 1971 Hecht-Calandra Act and LaGuardia by audition; about 25,700 test-takers produced roughly 4,100 offers in 2024.
Specialized international law journals
Specialized international law journals are scholarly periodicals covering the law of the sea, environmental and climate law, and space law, including the Journal of Space Law, founded in 1973.
Specially Designated Global Terrorist
A Specially Designated Global Terrorist (SDGT) is a person or entity the United States designates under Executive Order 13224 of 2001 for committing or supporting terrorism, blocking their property.
Specially Designated Nationals and Blocked Persons List
The SDN List, or Specially Designated Nationals and Blocked Persons List, is OFAC's principal U.S. sanctions list; listed parties' U.S.-jurisdiction property is blocked and U.S. persons may not deal with them, including via the 50 Percent Rule.
Specials (Unicode block)
Specials is the Unicode block U+FFF0–U+FFFF at the end of the Basic Multilingual Plane, holding annotation characters U+FFF9–FFFB, object and replacement characters U+FFFC–FFFD, and the noncharacters U+FFFE and U+FFFF, formerly of the BOM-adjacent Specials area.
Specialty and affinity bar associations in the United States
Specialty and affinity bar associations in the United States are voluntary lawyer groups organized around shared identity, such as women's or LGBT bars, or a practice area rather than geography.