All articles A–Z

Sodium lactate

Sodium lactate (E-325, CAS 72-17-3), the sodium salt of lactic acid, is a GRAS multifunctional food additive and the buffer in lactated Ringer's (Hartmann's) solution, metabolized in the liver to bicarbonate.

Oct 22, 2026

Sodium layered oxide

A sodium layered oxide is a cathode material for sodium-ion batteries, formula NaxTMO2, with sodium ions between TMO6 slabs and O3, P3, P2, and O2 structural types.

Sodium leak channel NALCN

NALCN (sodium leak channel, non-selective; VGCNL1, Rb21) is a voltage-independent, TTX-resistant four-domain cation channel carrying the major neuronal sodium leak current, with UNC-79/UNC-80 subunits, linked to respiratory rhythm and channelopathies.

Sodium manganese oxide

Sodium manganese oxide, written NaxMnO2, is a family of compounds serving as cathode materials in sodium-ion batteries, valued because sodium and manganese are abundant and inexpensive.

Sodium metabisulfite

Sodium metabisulfite, also called sodium pyrosulfite or sodium disulfite, is a white crystalline compound, Na2S2O5, used as a food preservative, antioxidant, and dechlorinating agent in water treatment.

Sodium metabisulphite

Sodium metabisulphite (Na2S2O5, E 223, CAS 7681-57-4), also called sodium pyrosulfite, is an inorganic sulfite salt used as a food preservative, antioxidant, reducing agent, and grape fungicide; EFSA withdrew its temporary ADI in 2022.

Sodium metal anode

A sodium metal anode is a battery negative electrode of metallic sodium with 1,166 mAh/g capacity and a low redox potential, central to sodium-metal batteries.

Sodium metal chloride battery

A sodium metal chloride battery, best known as the ZEBRA battery, is a high-temperature rechargeable battery using molten sodium, a ceramic separator, and a metal chloride electrode.

Sodium metasilicate

Sodium metasilicate (Na₂SiO₃) is a crystalline inorganic sodium salt of silicic acid, sold anhydrous and as hydrates, used chiefly as a builder in detergents and industrial cleaners.

Sodium methoxide

Sodium methoxide, also called sodium methylate or sodium methanolate, is the sodium salt of methanol, a white hygroscopic solid used as a strong base and industrial catalyst.

Sodium molybdate

Sodium molybdate (Na₂MoO₄) is an inorganic sodium salt of molybdic acid, a white crystalline solid normally sold as the dihydrate and made from molybdenum trioxide and sodium hydroxide.

Sodium monochloroacetate

Sodium monochloroacetate (sodium chloroacetate, CAS 3926-62-3), the sodium salt of monochloroacetic acid: water-soluble white solid, industrial intermediate for carboxymethylcellulose, glycine, and dyes; toxic, EU non-approved herbicide.

Sodium monofluorophosphate

Sodium monofluorophosphate, commonly abbreviated MFP, is an inorganic compound, Na₂PO₃F, whose covalently bound fluoride is released in the mouth by enzymes; it has been the fluoride in anticavity toothpastes since 1965.

Sodium nickel manganese oxide

Sodium nickel manganese oxide, abbreviated NNMO and chiefly the composition NaNi0.5Mn0.5O2, is a layered oxide cathode material for sodium-ion batteries, first used in a full cell in 2011.

Sodium niobate

Sodium niobate (NaNbO3) is an antiferroelectric perovskite oxide of sodium, niobium, and oxygen, discovered in 1949 and the sodium end member of the KNN lead-free piezoelectric ceramics.

Sodium nitrate

Sodium nitrate (NaNO3), also known as Chile saltpeter or soda niter, is a colorless crystalline oxidizer salt mined in Chile's Atacama Desert, used as fertilizer, food additive, and solar energy storage medium.

Sodium nitrite

Sodium nitrite (NaNO2) is the sodium salt of nitrous acid, a white crystalline oxidizer used as a preservative and color fixative in cured meats and as a cyanide-poisoning antidote.

Sodium nitrite packaging film

Sodium nitrite packaging film, or nitrite-embedded film (GRN 228), is active packaging with 113 mg/m² sodium nitrite on one side that keeps vacuum-packaged raw beef and pork bright red via nitric oxide myoglobin, with FSIS 7/30-day dating and labeling conditions.

Sodium nitroprusside

Sodium nitroprusside (SNP, Nitropress, Nipride RTU), Na2[Fe(CN)5NO]·2H2O, an intravenous nitrovasodilator releasing nitric oxide and cyanide, used for hypertensive crises, controlled surgical hypotension, and acute heart failure.

Sodium o benzyl p chlorphenoxide

Sodium o-benzyl-p-chlorphenoxide, EU active substance ID 1154, a fungicide-category phenoxide salt with no CAS number; refused EU Annex I inclusion by Decision 2004/129/EC, not approved, default MRL 0.01 mg/kg.

Sodium o nitrophenolate

Sodium o-nitrophenolate (sodium 2-nitrophenolate, CAS 824-39-5), a synthetic nitrophenolate plant growth regulator; EU-approved until 31 January 2027, US tolerance-exempt since 2000, applied as foliar growth enhancer.

Sodium oligomannate

Sodium oligomannate (GV-971, 甘露特钠胶囊, brand 九期一) is a brown-algae-derived oligosaccharide drug conditionally approved in China in 2019 for mild-to-moderate Alzheimer's disease; its registration lapsed in 2024 and production is suspended.

Sodium orthovanadate

Sodium orthovanadate, also called sodium vanadate(V), is the inorganic sodium salt Na₃VO₄, a phosphate analog used in biochemistry as a broad, reversible, competitive inhibitor of protein tyrosine phosphatases.

Sodium oxalate

Sodium oxalate, also known as disodium oxalate, is the disodium salt of oxalic acid, an odorless white solid best known as the primary standard for standardizing potassium permanganate solutions.

Sodium oxide

Sodium oxide (Na2O), also called sodium monoxide, is a white, strongly basic ionic solid that reacts violently with water and is a key component of soda-lime glass.

Sodium oxybate

Sodium oxybate (GHB sodium salt; brands Xyrem, Lumryz) is a Schedule III CNS depressant treating cataplexy and excessive daytime sleepiness in narcolepsy patients 7 and older, FDA-approved 2002, distributed only via REMS central pharmacies, dosed twice or once nightly up to 9 g.