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Solved game
Solved game: a game whose perfect-play outcome is known, at three levels (ultra-weak, weak, strong) per Allis. Connect Four (first player wins, 1988) and checkers (draw, 2007) are solved; chess and Go are not.
Solveig field
Solveig is an oil field in the Norwegian sector of the North Sea on the Utsira High, discovered in 2013, producing since 2021, and operated by Aker BP.
Solveig Gulbrandsen
Solveig Gulbrandsen (Solveig Ingersdatter Gulbrandsen), born 1981, Norwegian midfielder; 183 caps and 55 goals for Norway 1998–2015, Olympic gold 2000, EURO silver 2005 and 2013; later TV 2 expert and Olympiatoppen coach.
Solvej Balle
Solvej Balle (born 1962 in Bovrup, Denmark) is a Danish author known for experimental, minimalist fiction and the seven-volume novel On the Calculation of Volume, which won the Nordic Council Literature Prize in 2022.
Solvency II
Solvency II is the European Union's prudential regulatory framework for insurance and reinsurance, applied from 2016 and requiring risk-based capital rather than a fraction of premiums.
Solvent
A solvent, sometimes called a chemical solvent, is the component of a solution present in the larger amount that determines the solution's phase, in which solutes dissolve.
Solvent cage effect
The solvent cage effect is the influence of solvent molecules on reactive species, typically radicals, formed together in solution, which raises the probability that they recombine rather than diffuse apart.
Solvent casting
Solvent casting is a polymer processing technique that makes thin plastic films by evaporating solvent from a spread polymer solution, long used for photographic film.
Solvent dewaxing
Solvent dewaxing is a petroleum refining process that removes wax from lubricating oil stocks by solvent dilution, chilling, and filtration, giving the oil low-temperature fluidity and yielding slack wax.
Solvent effects on organic reaction rates
Solvent effects on organic reaction rates are changes in reaction speed, selectivity, and mechanism caused by the solvent; polar aprotic solvents accelerate SN2 reactions, sometimes 200,000-fold.
Solvent engineering for perovskite films
Solvent engineering for perovskite films controls how thin films crystallize by choosing solvents and an antisolvent, such as toluene, during spin coating; it underpins most high-efficiency perovskite solar cells.
Solvent evaporation method
The solvent evaporation method is a widely used microparticle fabrication technique in which polymer droplets harden as volatile solvent evaporates, applied mainly to pharmaceutical microencapsulation of drugs, proteins, and DNA.
Solvent exchange
Solvent exchange is the replacement of one solvent by another, in chemistry either within the solvation shell of an ion or by swapping the bulk solvent in the lab.
Solvent isotope effect
The solvent isotope effect is the change in a reaction's rate or equilibrium when deuterium oxide replaces water, used to detect proton transfer in the rate-limiting step.
Solvent model
A solvent model represents the environment around a solute either as explicit solvent molecules or as a continuous dielectric medium, typically computing solvation free energy.
Solvent precipitation
Solvent precipitation is a separation and particle-fabrication method in which adding a miscible antisolvent lowers the solute's solubility, yielding crystals, amorphous precipitates, or nanoparticles for purification and fine-particle production.
Solvent Refined Coal process
The Solvent Refined Coal (SRC) process is a US direct coal liquefaction method, developed from the 1960s to the 1980s, yielding a low-sulfur, low-ash fuel.
Solvent Yellow 2
Solvent Yellow 2, also called butter yellow or 4-dimethylaminoazobenzene, is an oil-soluble azo dye used to color oils, waxes, and plastics, and is classified as possibly carcinogenic.
Solvent-free synthesis
Solvent-free synthesis is a class of chemical preparation methods that make compounds without a liquid solvent, using neat reagents, melts, or mechanical grinding such as ball milling.
Solvent-in-salt electrolyte
A solvent-in-salt (SIS) electrolyte is a battery electrolyte in which salt outnumbers solvent, so anions enter the cation's solvation sheath; the aqueous variant is water-in-salt.
Solvent-induced phase separation
Solvent-induced phase separation, also called nonsolvent-induced phase separation or wet-phase inversion, is a membrane fabrication method in which a cast polymer film precipitates in a nonsolvent bath.
Solventum
Solventum Corporation (NYSE: SOLV), 3M's former Health Care business, is a healthcare company spun off April 1, 2024 via distribution of 80.1% of shares; known for MedSurg wound care (V.A.C., Prevena NPWT), dental, health information systems, and filtration, with $8.2 billion 2023 revenue.
SOLVE™ study (NCT00825643)
SOLVE (Study of Once-Daily Levemir), NCT00825643: 24-week, ten-country observational study of once-daily insulin detemir added to oral drugs in 17,374 type 2 diabetes patients; HbA1c fell 1.3%, weight −0.6 kg, low hypoglycemia.
Solvothermal synthesis
Solvothermal synthesis, also called the solvothermal process, crystallizes inorganic and hybrid compounds from precursors in a solvent heated above its boiling point in a sealed vessel.
Solway Firth
Solway Firth: mega-tidal estuary of the Irish Sea between Dumfries and Galloway, Scotland, and Cumbria, England; carries the Anglo-Scottish border via the River Sark, has the UK's second largest tidal range, and holds the 436 km² Upper Solway Ramsar site and Solway Firth SAC.
Solway Firth Spaceman
The Solway Firth Spaceman, also called the Cumberland Spaceman, is a white helmeted figure that appeared in a 1964 photo taken by Jim Templeton on Burgh Marsh, England.
Solwezi
Solwezi: mining town and provincial capital of North-Western Province, Zambia, about 590 km from Lusaka; home of the Kansanshi copper mine, Africa's biggest by output, and the T5 highway.
Solya
Solya (Solya Ava Lowe), 20-year-old West Texas singer-songwriter and multi-instrumentalist; debuted at 16 with the bedroom-produced Fever Dream EP (2023); debut album Queen of Texas (2026, VERSION III), analog-recorded with producer Danny Reisch; distinct from Soleya the electronic artist.
Solyma
Solyma is an extinct genus of small tellinid bivalves (Conrad, 1870; type S. lineolata, New Jersey) known from Late Cretaceous to Eocene fossils in North America, Argentina, and New Zealand; the name also denotes an ancient Lycian town.
Solyndra
Solyndra was a Fremont, California manufacturer of cylindrical CIGS thin-film solar panels, the first recipient of a $535 million DOE loan guarantee before its 2011 bankruptcy.