All articles A–Z
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Economy of Vancouver
The economy of Vancouver is a service-weighted regional economy of about $142 billion in GDP with nearly 1.7 million workers, anchored by the Port of Vancouver, Canada's largest port.
Economy of Vanuatu
The economy of Vanuatu is a small Pacific island economy resting on subsistence agriculture, tourism, offshore financial services, and donor aid, and repeatedly set back by cyclones and earthquakes.
Economy of Venezuela
The Venezuelan economy is a petroleum-dependent, partially dollarized economy that shrank by nearly 80% between 2013 and 2021, with hyperinflation peaking in 2018, and has grown unevenly since 2021.
Economy of Vietnam
The economy of Vietnam, also called the Vietnamese economy, is an export-oriented market economy that grew 8.02% in 2025 to 514 billion USD in output.
Economy of Wales
The economy of Wales is the regional economy of one of the four UK countries, with 2023 GDP of £92.8 billion, or 74.4% of the UK average per person.
Economy of Washington (state)
The economy of Washington state is a trade-exposed, technology- and aerospace-centered Pacific Northwest economy with no income tax, whose real GDP grew 4.7% in 2024, the fastest of any US state.
Economy of West Africa
The economy of West Africa is the combined economy of the ECOWAS states, dominated by Nigeria, split into two currency zones, and dependent on oil, gold, and cocoa exports.
Economy of West Bengal
The economy of West Bengal is a large, service-led Indian state economy worth Rs 17.01 trillion (Rs 1,700,939 crore) in 2023-24, with per capita income below the national average.
Economy of West Midlands
The economy of the West Midlands is the regional economy of central England anchored by Birmingham, Coventry, and the Black Country, worth £210 billion in 2024.
Economy of Wuhan
The economy of Wuhan is the roughly 2.2-trillion-yuan economy of Hubei's capital, a Yangtze River port city of 13.86 million people, built on optoelectronics, automobiles, steel, and chemicals.
Economy of Yemen
The economy of Yemen is a fragmented, war-shrunk economy, with real output down about 27 percent since 2014 and two rival central banks issuing rival rial banknotes.
Economy of Yugoslavia
The economy of socialist Yugoslavia (1945–1991) evolved from central planning into a market socialist system run by workers' councils, growing around 6 percent yearly until debt and inflation brought collapse.
Economy of Yunnan
The economy of Yunnan is the provincial economy of a region in southwest China, built on hydropower, minerals, tobacco, coffee, flowers, and tourism, ranking 18th of China's provinces in GDP.
Economy of Zambia
The economy of Zambia is a $29 billion southern African economy centered on copper mining, which defaulted on its debt in 2020 and restructured it by 2025.
Economy of Zhejiang
The economy of Zhejiang is the provincial economy of a coastal Chinese province of 66.70 million people, China's private-enterprise heartland, with 2024 GDP of 9,013.1 billion yuan.
Economy of Zimbabwe
The economy of Zimbabwe is a heavily dollarized economy in southern Africa, with GDP of roughly US$46–50 billion in 2024–2025 and recurrent currency collapse since 2000.
Econophysics
Econophysics is the application of statistical physics methods to economic systems, a field named by Eugene Stanley in 1995 and known for findings like fat tails and scaling laws.
Ecopark
Ecopark (ecoparque): a zoo converted into a conservation and education park, chiefly the Buenos Aires Ecoparque, the former 1888 Buenos Aires Zoo closed in 2016 under Law 5752, which relocated over 1,000 animals and runs 19 native-species conservation programs; also Mendoza and a South American trend.
Ecopark Amila
Ecopark Amila (Екопарк «Аміла») is a private ecopark and Ukraine's first red deer farm in Radovychi, Volyn Oblast, opened 2018 by Roman Mykytiuk, with 1,125 deer, a 2,000-hectare enclosure, museums, and licensed tour operation.
Ecopark Varna
Ecopark Varna (Екопарк Варна), the University Botanical Garden of Sofia University in Varna, Bulgaria: founded 1977, opened 11 May 2002 as Bulgaria's first ecopark, 36 ha, 300+ exotic tree and shrub species, 250+ iris varieties, Roman-era archaeological finds.
Ecopetrol
Ecopetrol S.A. is Colombia's integrated national oil company, a mixed-economy corporation 88.49% owned by the state and producing about 66% of Colombia's crude oil.
Ecoregion
Ecoregion: an area of generally similar ecosystems and environmental resources, mapped by Bailey (1976), Omernik/EPA (Levels I-IV), and WWF (825 global terrestrial ecoregions) for assessment and conservation.
Ecorobotix
Ecorobotix is a Swiss precision-agriculture company based in Yverdon-les-Bains, founded by Steve Tanner and Aurélien Demaurex, whose ARA sprayer treats plants individually and has raised about $150 million.
eCos
eCos, short for embedded Configurable operating system, is an open source, royalty-free real-time operating system for deeply embedded systems, conceived by Cygnus Solutions in 1997.
EcoSense Lighting
EcoSense Lighting Inc. is a privately held American manufacturer of LED luminaires and controls for architectural use, launched in Los Angeles in 2009 by Color Kinetics co-founder George Mueller.
Ecosia
Ecosia is a Berlin-based not-for-profit search engine founded by Christian Kroll in 2009 that dedicates 100% of its profits to tree planting and other climate action.
Ecosistema Ajos-Bavispe, zona de influencia Cuenca Río San Pedro
Ecosistema Ajos-Bavispe, zona de influencia Cuenca Río San Pedro (Ramsar site 2044) is a 182,623 ha wetland in Sonora, Mexico, designated 2 February 2010, covering the San Pedro River's Mexican course and its ciénagas, the only climax wetlands of the Chihuahuan Desert and Sierra Madre Occidental.
EcoStruxure
EcoStruxure is Schneider Electric's open, IoT-enabled system architecture, launched in 2009, connecting electrical distribution, automation, building control, and data center products for monitoring and analytics.
EcoStruxure Automation Expert
EcoStruxure Automation Expert is a software-defined industrial automation platform from Schneider Electric, built on the IEC 61499 standard, that combines PLC and distributed control system capabilities.
Ecosystem
An ecosystem, or ecological system, is a functional unit of nature in which organisms interact with each other and their environment, cycling energy and nutrients.